Sentences with phrase «sst buckets»

There are any number of intricacies in the interpretation of SST buckets.

I don't think this issue is like a «SST bucket adjustment» or a TOBS adjustment or an adjustment for lapse rate due to altitude change.

I noticed the post http://www.climateaudit.org/?p=2525 by googling «sst bucket adjustment».

Not exact matches

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In particular, data gathered by ships recruited by Japan and the Netherlands (not shown) are biased in a way that suggests that these nations were still using uninsulated buckets to obtain SST measurements as late as the 1960s.

After the war others once again began to measure the SST using buckets.

This caused the Yank's (warmer) engine room temps to be «diluted» by the (cooler) bucket temps and caused a largely unexplained drop in (average) SSTs after the war.

Hmm... Many adjustments also reduce the trends (such as correcting for UHI and the bucket corrections on the SST).

If the SST record were not in need of improvement, the Navy and the Admiralty would not have kicked their old sample collection buckets overboard s a generation ago.

IAFS: So all future Argo data, supposedly the state of the art SST technology, will hafta» be adjusted to warmer bucket trends?

Karl and NOAH: It is our view that, naturally, theory and data must make a match, and so, apropos theory, we've opted for the buckets SST data.

Pretty much like surface stations didn't maintain the old cotton shelters to have an over lap to compare with the newer digital stations and the Royal Navy didn't keep measuring SST with buckets.

HadSST3, HADISST and ERSST.v3b, all include bucket model adjusted ICOADS data, and HADCRUT4 is «a blend of the CRUTEM4 land - surface air temperature dataset and the HadSST3 sea - surface temperature (SST) dataset.»

CA readers are aware that I discussed bucket adjustments on a number of occasions long before Thompson et al 2008, in particular, questioning the absurd IPCC assumption that all SST measurements switched from buckets to engine inlet on the -LSB-...]

Furthermore James and Fox (1972), describing measurements taken in 1968 - 1970 from buckets of known type, found that the mean difference from engineintake SST for the German bucket was 0.18 °C, the Crawford bucket (Crawford 1969) 0.23 °C and «other» national buckets 0.25 °C.

Following this reasoning, between 1970 and 2005 (by which time the «bucket» method seems to have largely disappeared; for now we can neglect the change in true SST, which was likely on the order of half a degree), one would have expected an increase in reported SST of greater than 2 degrees C.

Bathythermograph readings invariably included a bucket reading of the SST.

Now Kent et al 2007 have carried out a long overdue analysis of the metadata and reported that over 90 % of SST measurements in 1970 for which the measurement method was known were still being carried out by bucket, as shown in the following figure.

When I was going through the DOD Weather Schools in the early 80s I was under the impression that the Navy took SST samples from buckets.

... Owing to changes in instrumentation, observing environment and procedure, SSTs measured from modern ships and buoys are not consistent with those measured before the early 1940s using canvas or wooden buckets.

If 90 % of known SST measurements in 1970 were still being made by buckets, then the most reasonable estimate for the entire population is that 90 % of all SST measurements were still being made by buckets in 1970.

For example, for SSTs, the transition from taking temperatures from water samples from uninsulated or partially - insulated buckets to engine intakes near or during World War II is adjusted for, even though details are not certain (Rayner et al., 2006).

Given that biases in buckets measurements depend on the air - sea temperature difference any more detailed corrections would involve using both MAT and SST together.

(i) The observation that the earlier SSTs, expressed as anomalies from recent averages, are not only too cold relative to NMATs similarly expressed (Barnett, 1984), but also, outside the tropics, show enhanced annual cycles, presumably because more heat is lost from uninsulated buckets in winter when stronger, colder winds blow over relatively warm water (Wright, 1986; Bottomley et al., 1990);

From Tallbloke's pdf: «The coincidence of these three spikes raises the question of whether the spike in the SST series was even caused by bucket - intake changes, since such changes obviously could not have caused the spikes in the MAT and cloud cover series.»

A combined physical - empirical method (Folland and Parker, 1995) is used, as in the SAR, to estimate adjustments to ships SST data obtained up to 1941 to compensate for heat losses from uninsulated (mainly canvas) or partly - insulated (mainly wooden) buckets (see Box 2.2).

was in apparent reference to SST data from the WWII era when engine intake readings were preferred by merchant mariners to the bucket method for some fairly obvious reasons.

I can understand why I would ignore SST... since the data collection with buckets and engine inlets etc is big joke.

Denizens are familiar with the inherent weaknesses in historical temperature collection using wooden and canvas buckets and various other methods but I wonder what confidence the public would have in the reliability of historical SST if they knew how primitive early efforts were in establishing a baseline temperature record.

They assert that 30 % of the ships shown in existing metadata as measuring SST by buckets actually used engine inlet and proceed to reallocate the measurements on this assumption:

As we saw with the ridiculous fuss about the accuracy of canvas buckets to precisely measure SST's or the radical difference between a mercury thermometer and a digital weather station, it is likely that the results from different equipment might not agree with each other

Obtaining a SST depended heavily, for much of its history, on buckets being thrown over a ship at varying depths to collect water samples.

The Karl change of SST based on canvas and wood buckets and wide error bands vs buoy thermocouples makes one cynical of the bias and integrity of the CAGW crowd.

Therefore the bucket adjustment methodology and the bucket adjustments themselves need to be prominently illustrated and adjusted in any SST estimate that purports to be scientific.

The abrupt change in SST in December 1941 coincides with the entry of the USA into World War II and is likely to have resulted from a realization of the dangers of hauling sea buckets onto deck in wartime conditions when a light would have been needed for both hauling and reading the thermometer at night.

For the HadSST3 temperature data set and successors, it was assumed that 30 % of the ships shown in existing metadata as measuring SST by buckets actually used engine inlet:

It remained in climate literature despite obvious evidence that the majority of reported SST measurements in 1970 were being done by buckets.

«Saur (1963) compared simultaneous bucket and engine intake SST on 12 U.S. Navy ships in the Pacific.

BTW, if the blip in the SST record were due to the bucket / intake transition, would one expect all of the blips in each ocean basin to be in phase?

In particular, I pointed out the importance and apparent implausiblity of the Folland assumption of an instantaneous change from buckets to engine inlets at Pearl Harbour — an assumption that was common to seemingly «independent» SST estimates.

Maybe I'm way off on this, but as a «member of the public», prior to you dealing with the «buckets» issue so thoroughly here at CA on those early posts, I had never seen or believed I could be reading such a seemingly esoteric discussion regarding climate data, that is in fact so far reaching as to the accuracy of the data that will ever be available regarding pre-1950s SST and, therefore, global temperatures.

CA readers are aware that I discussed bucket adjustments on a number of occasions long before Thompson et al 2008, in particular, questioning the absurd IPCC assumption that all SST measurements switched from buckets to engine inlet on the day after Pearl Harbour.

Steve, I think the first time i heard about problems with the bucket adjustments and dip in SST mid century was in 2005, I think Mike McCracken told me about this.

As a result, Folland et al introduced an abrupt adjustment of 0.3 deg C to all SST measurements prior to 1941 (with the amount of the adjustment attenuated in the 19th century because of a hypothesized use of wooden rather than canvas buckets.)

re bucket adjustments I just can not believe that data from such an uncontrolled method could possibly be taken too seriously, at least to establish SST on a global basis.

While we noted that the WWII records for 1942 - 45 appeared to be dominated by engine - warmed intake data (a point common to all analyses), because 90 % of SST measurements with known provenance in 1970 were bucket rather than engine inlet, we postulated that «business as usual» had resumed after the war, with a resulting preponderance of bucket, rather than inlet data.

All temperature reconstructions suffer from one VERY arbitrary assumption in relation to the measurement method of sea surface temperatures SST (buckets of various types, engine):

One of the Team's more adventurous assumptions in creating temperature histories is that there was an abrupt and universal change in SST measurement methods away from buckets to engine inlets in 1941, coinciding with the U.S. entry into World War II.