The Supreme Court gave a boost to their conviction that
secularism is a genuine competing faith in the ruling in the 1961 Torcaso case, in which «
Secular Humanism» was identified as a religion, and in Justice Potter Stewart's dissent in the 1963 Schempp case, which referred to a refusal to permit religious exercises in schools as not «the realization of state neutrality, but rather as the establishment of a religion of
secularism.»