Based on June 2017 data, it predicted
a September average extent of about 5.4 million km2.
The predicted
September average extent for 2016 is 4.30 (± 0.63) million km2.
Projected September daily extents are averaged to calculate the projected
September average extent.
The difference between this and the NSIDC
September average extent is calculated and estimated with a linear trend.
Talking about Watts: he did some exciting calculations showing a divergence between IJIS and NSIDC
September average extent numbers, but he seems to have some trouble with his spreadsheet.
Not exact matches
A composite image shows how the
extent of Arctic sea ice in
September 2016 compared with a 30 - year
average for the month (yellow line).
Extent of Arctic sea ice in September 2016 versus the 1981 - 2010 average minimum extent (gold
Extent of Arctic sea ice in
September 2016 versus the 1981 - 2010
average minimum
extent (gold
extent (gold line).
In fact, the
average September Arctic sea ice
extent is down almost 1 million square miles from where it was about 30 years ago.
After the 2016
September minimum, the Arctic ice growth was very sluggish, leading to well - below
average extent through the 2016/2017 ice - growth season.
Antarctic sea ice
extent during
September 2016 was 150,000 square miles (2.0 percent) below the 1981 — 2010
average.
Because the 2008 low was so far below the
September average, the negative trend in
September extent has been pulled downward, from — 10.7 % per decade to — 11.7 % per decade (Figure 3).
«Of the 17 responses, all suggest that the
extent will remain lower than the historical
average (i.e., mean 1979 — 2000
September values) of 7.0 million square kilometers.
The graph below (high - resolution copy) shows the range of the forecasts for early
September, the point when the sea ice typically reaches its minimum
extent, compared to recent years and the
average over the period of precise satellite measurement.
The monthly
average is then calculated from the
September daily
extents.
Global Weather Climate Logistics, 5.55, Statistical (same as June) Our forecast for
average September 2015 sea ice
extent is 5.55 million sq. km.
Randles, 4.3 + / -1.1, Statistical This method attempts to predict the residual from a Gompertz fit of NSIDC
average September Extent by linear regression using the residual from a Gompertz fit of Cryosphere Today area at 31May.
The predicted
September monthly
average sea ice
extent is 5.48 (4.97 - 5.98) million km2 which is same to the result of June Report.
NASA GMAO (Cullather et al.), 5.03 (+ / - 0.41), Modeling The GMAO seasonal forecasting system predicts a
September average Arctic ice
extent of 5.03 ± 0.41 million km2, about 4.7 percent less than the 2014 value.
Based on this hypothesis the PIOMAS April
average volume is calculated from PIOMAS gridded data and the relationship between April volume and
September extent is used as a predictor.
Our model predicts that
September 2015 Arctic sea ice
extent will be 2.11 million km2 below the 1982 to 2011 observed
average extent, but will not reach values as low as those observed in 2007 or 2012.
Li and Li (NMEFC), 5.48 (4.97 - 5.98), Statistical We predict the
September monthly
average sea ice
extent of Arctic by statistic method.
As of
September 5, sea ice
extent remains below
average everywhere except for a small area within the Laptev Sea.
Canadian Ice Service, 3.8, Heuristic Arctic Ocean
September sea ice
extents (while expected to be well below the 1979 ‐ 2013
average of 6.4 million square kilometres, and while expected to continue to be near or below 4.0 million square kilometres) are therefore expected to experience a slight recovery, preventing a repeat of last year's record.
The two lowest
September ice
extents (2007 and 2012) were also both later than
average; this year's minimum is the fourth lowest (see chart below).
Last year also saw a new record for highest
average extent from April to
September.
The minimum ice
extent in
September 2009 was greater than the past two
Septembers, but again fell below the long - term
average.
A value equal to or slightly greater than the
average extent observed in
September 2008 is expected.
Figure 1: This image compares the
average sea ice
extent for
September 2007 to
September 2005; the magenta line indicates the long - term median from 1979 to 2000.
The mean ice
extent in
September,
averaged across all ensemble members, is our projected ice
extent.
The
September daily
extents are
averaged to calculate the monthly
extent.
Animation of changes in
average September sea ice
extent from 1979 through 2016 — with noteworthy natural variability and a long - term decline.
Again, we are comparing these Outlook values to the
September average sea ice
extent as provided by NSIDC.
Average September sea ice
extent from 1979 to 2000 was 7.04 million square kilometers (2.70 million square miles).
However, the pace of decline returned to near -
average rates by July, and the end - of - summer minimum sea ice
extent, recorded on
September 10, eventually tied for second lowest with 2007 (2012 remains the lowest in the satellite time series by more than 600,000 square kilometers or 232,000 square miles).
Stern: My estimate for
September average sea ice
extent (4.67 million square kilometers) was simply based on extrapolation of the 10 - year trend (1989 - 2008).
Specifically, the estimate is calculated by multiplying the
average (for the period 1985 - 2007) amount of ice that does not survive the summer (between the March maximum and the
September minimum) by this year's March
extent.
Unless these nine models share common systematic biases, it is thus expected that the
average 2014
September Arctic sea ice
extent will be in the range 3.95 - 5.6 million km ², and likely above the trend line (5.1 million km ²), a situation similar to 2013.
The
average arctic sea ice monthly
extent for
September 2012 was the lowest observed in the satellite era at 3.6 million square kilometers, based on National Snow and Ice Data Center (NSIDC) estimates — 50 % lower than the 1979 - 2000
average of 7.0 million square kilometers.
The daily
September extents are
averaged to create monthly
averages.
The mean minimum ice
extent in
September,
averaged across all ensemble members and corrected for forward model bias, is our projected ice
extent.
Daily sea ice
extent timeseries for April through
September for 2015 (light blue, through 17 August), 2012 (dashed green), and the 1981 - 2010
average (black) and standard deviation (gray).
Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Laboratory [GFDL] NOAA (Msadek et al), 5.07 (4.69 - 5.63), Modeling Our prediction for the
September -
averaged Arctic sea ice
extent is 5.07 million square kilometers, with an uncertainty range going between 4.69 and 5.63 million square kilometers.
Our model predicts that
September 2014 Arctic sea ice
extent will be 1.45 million square kilometers below the 1981 to 2010 observed
average extent, but will not reach values as low as those observed in 2007 or 2012.
GFDL NOAA (Msadek et al.), 4.82 (4.33 - 5.23), Modeling Our prediction for the
September -
averaged Arctic sea ice
extent is 4.82 million square kilometers, with an uncertainty range going between 4.33 and 5.23 million km2 Our estimate is based on the GFDL CM2.1 ensemble forecast system in which both the ocean and atmosphere are initialized on August 1 using a coupled data assimilation system.
The mean ice
extent in
September,
averaged across all ensemble members, corrected for forward model bias is our projected ice
extent.
It should be recalled that we are comparing these Outlook values to the
September average sea ice
extent as provided by the National Snow and Ice Data Center (NSIDC).
While the projected 2013
extent remains below the 1979 - 2007 observed
average, the model predicts that
September Arctic sea - ice
extent will recover to a value comparable to that reached in 2006.
This is pretty squishy, but given the current
extent and ice conditions in the Beaufort Sea, I think this year's
September average will be about 4 million km2.
The
average among these 35 informal predictions is 4.14 19 km2, which would make
September 2016 the second - lowest
extent we have seen.
NMEFC of China (Li and Li), 4.02 (3.10 - 4.57), Statistical We predict the
September monthly
average sea ice
extent of Arctic by statistic method and based on monthly sea ice concentration and
extent from National Snow and Ice Data Center.