A century long struggle to gain full control of its natural resources and refining capacities has been punctuated by many events: from the exploits of the Anglo - Persian
Oil company (later to be known as British Petroleum or BP), in the early part of last century; to the CIA backed overthrow of the first democratically elected government in the 1950s, after it nationalized the country's oil fields; to the destruction toll of several oil installations during the decade long Iran - Iraq war; to current pressures by large international firms to negotiate contracts for the exploitation rights of oil and g
Oil company (later to be known as British Petroleum or BP), in the early part of last century; to the CIA backed overthrow of the first democratically elected government in the 1950s, after it nationalized the country's
oil fields; to the destruction toll of several oil installations during the decade long Iran - Iraq war; to current pressures by large international firms to negotiate contracts for the exploitation rights of oil and g
oil fields; to the destruction toll of
several oil installations during the decade long Iran - Iraq war; to current pressures by large international firms to negotiate contracts for the exploitation rights of oil and g
oil installations during the decade long Iran - Iraq war; to current pressures by large
international firms to negotiate contracts for the exploitation rights of
oil and g
oil and gas.
Elektrim SA v Vivendi Universal SA & Ors [2007] 2 Lloyd's Rep 8: grounds for restraining by injunction an arbitration; as well as
several leading cases dealing with interim relief in aid of
international arbitral proceedings including Mobil Cerro Negor Ltd v Petroleos de Venezuela SA [2008] 1 Lloyd's Rep 684 (expropriation of Mobil's
oil fields in Venezuela; successfully discharged worldwide freezing order for US$ 12 billion under s. 44 of the Arbitration Act 1996); ETI NV v Republic of Bolivia [2009] 1 WLR 665 (CA): (nationalisation of company; successfully discharged a freezing order obtained under s. 25 of the CJJA 1982 and s. 44 of the AA 1996 in aid of an ICSID arbitration); Telenor v Vimpelcom & Altimo Group (pre-arbitration interim relief in S$ 3bn telecommunications shareholder dispute); Yukos Oil v Rosneft (US$ 425m freezing order in support of enforcement of Russian arbitral award
oil fields in Venezuela; successfully discharged worldwide freezing order for US$ 12 billion under s. 44 of the Arbitration Act 1996); ETI NV v Republic of Bolivia [2009] 1 WLR 665 (CA): (nationalisation of
company; successfully discharged a freezing order obtained under s. 25 of the CJJA 1982 and s. 44 of the AA 1996 in aid of an ICSID arbitration); Telenor v Vimpelcom & Altimo Group (pre-arbitration interim relief in S$ 3bn telecommunications shareholder dispute); Yukos
Oil v Rosneft (US$ 425m freezing order in support of enforcement of Russian arbitral award
Oil v Rosneft (US$ 425m freezing order in support of enforcement of Russian arbitral awards);