Sentences with phrase «soviet economy»

This view was so powerful that people like Andy Marshall, the founder and multi-decade head of the Office of Net Assessment, struggled to find support for his argument that the CIA and Pentagon were systematically overstating the strength of the Soviet economy and understating the burden of defence spending.

A Bismarckian approach would also, obviously, involve ensuring that America remains technologically ahead of China, though this is a much more formidable task than it was with Russia and that was seen for a while (after Sputnik) as an existential challenge (and famous economists like Paul Samuelson continued to predict wrongly that the Soviet economy would overtake America's).

You might enjoy reading Francis Spofford's Red Plenty, which is a historian's very slightly fictionalized account of Kruschev's drive to reform the Soviet economy and the role of Kantarovich and his fellow optimizers in that effort.

It was both a time of new freedom from bureaucracy and rapid financial decay created by the collapsed Soviet economy which plunged the Russian scientific institutions into poverty.

«The Soviets in the 1950s and»60s were desperately struggling to invent computer power that would have been strong enough to run the Soviet economy,» Robinson said.

The cold war broke in our favor, after our relentless accumulation of nuclear gadgetry become too expensive for the Soviet economy to match.

Gorbachev also recognized that the arms race was strangling the Soviet economy.

Yet the Soviet economy turned out to be a Potemkin village worth less than its scrap value after the fall of Communism, unable to support Russian military power when forced to compete with an American build - up.

In Red Famine, Applebaum makes unmistakably clear that the Holodomor, the terror famine in Ukraine that took some four million lives in 1932 - 33, was artificially created and ruthlessly enforced by Lenin's heir, Stalin, to break Ukraine's national spirit while providing the faltering Soviet economy with hard currency from agricultural exports.

What about mass planned communist starvations to reengineer the Soviet economy or Pol Pot's similar reengineering in Cambodia's killing fields.

This competition is conceived as a strategy to undermine the Soviet economy and, by this means, to topple the existing regime in the USSR.

And there will be the corporate globalization process, zooming from victory to victory: from that first free trade deal to the creation of the World Trade Organization to the mass privatization of the former Soviet economies to the transformation of large parts of Asia into sprawling free - trade zones to the «structural adjusting» of Africa.

Not exact matches

As it turns out, Pepsi Cola originally distributed Stolichnaya in the U.S. in the 1970s as part of a barter agreement with the Soviet Union, which lacked a free market economy at the time.

Recall that the Soviet Union collapsed, after all, because its economy could not sustain its international policies.

In 1991, you went to Eastern Europe and the former Soviet Union and you met people who truly believed that the American rule of law, independent judiciary, free market economy, and political system were to be admired.

Consider as a primer what freer trade accomplishes: In the post-war era, and especially with the collapse of the Soviet Union in December 1991 — and with it the notion that governments could centrally direct an economy — a growing number of economies rejoined the normal human preference and practice of free enterprise.

We begin with an analysis of the continuing bailout of insurance giant AIG and Monday's stock market selloff; price and debt deflation; the two sectors of the economy; two definitions of «free markets»; the classical economists; revolution from the right and the former Soviet states; the threat of war; IMF / World Bank resurgence; the dollar versus the euro; analogies to Rome, neo-feudalism.

I would argue that the mechanism that forced up the savings rates in the Soviet Union and other Warsaw Pact economies seems to have been the scarcity of consumer goods: income levels among workers were generally not too bad, but these workers could only convert income into consumption with great difficulty, if they got in the right line at the right store early enough.

Countertrade was very popular in the centrally planned economies of the former Soviet bloc because the governments of the region were chronically short of hard currency and were therefore committed to a policy of promoting exports.

However, even a new rescue package will not help, because Greece — as the last Soviet - style economy in Europe — is a bottle without a bottom.

That this trajectory was unaffected by the victory of democracy and the free economy in the Revolution of 1989 and the collapse of the Soviet Empire tells us something important about the post-Sixties phase of the story.

Nicaragua, nonaligned and successfully improving the living standards of the poor within the framework of a mixed economy and political pluralism, posed a far greater threat to U.S. interests than a Soviet puppet state ever could.

But if recent events in the Soviet Union and Eastern Europe are any indication, single - party politics joined with centrally controlled economies are no longer viable experiments in political economy.

Russia has gone them one better: By picking a 1990 baseline, before the collapse of the Soviet Union's economy, they figure they can actually continue to increase their emissions and still claim a long - term reduction.

After the Vietnam War, Ronald Reagan adopted a policy of high levels of military spending to force the USSR to match this spending on the premise that the U.S. had an economy more capable of engaging in this defense spending without collapsing than the Soviets, a concept many considered historically vindicated when the Soviet Union collapsed in 1989, following in close succession by the splintering of Yugoslavia and Czechoslovakia, and the unification of Germany.

He noted that, in the previous weeks, he had dealt with a minor crisis over a US spy plane shot down by the Soviets, negotiations with the US about stationing Polaris submarines in the Clyde, fishery disputes with Iceland, alarmist Treasury papers on the economy, the reconstruction of the cabinet and a decision to build the new liner Queen Elizabeth II.

The reactive and proactive strategy he describes is not aimed at rebuilding and stabilizing a postwar European economy or fending off the specter of Soviet Communism.

The advocacy of multi-layer democratic structures in the state and the economy actually inspired the idea of worker's councils and soviets in the early stages of the soviet union.

It is difficult for today's generation to realise the extent of the power of the USA in 1945 and the collapse of the economies of the European nations, including Britain, and the fear of the incremental influence of the Soviet Union.

Having persisted with «Soviet - lite» economic policies for four decades, India has been correcting the direction of its economy since 1991.

The economy was rotten, the political process was rotten, they had developed a central government that was no longer believed by people outside of Moscow, there was total cynicism throughout the Soviet system of governance, there was no real civil society.

The reasons can be summarized in the following: - > Harsh economic environment of pre-Revolutionary Russia - > Imperialistic Intervention - > Tough international environment during socialist construction (WWI, WWII)- > Opportunistic transformation of the Communist Party (Adoption of capitalistic methods in economy, less power to the soviets, etc..)

Since the breakup of the Soviet Union, several watershed countries have maintained a cotton - based economy.

Following the collapse of the Soviet Union, Russia had undergone a radical transformation, moving from a centrally planned economy to a globally integrated Russia (Russian: Россия, Rossija) is the largest country in the world, covering more than one - eighth of the Earth's inhabited land area, spanning

Beautiful Russian women from all corners of the former Soviet Union seek Business Cycle Expansion and contraction dates for the United States Economy

Following the collapse of the Soviet Union, Russia had undergone a radical transformation, moving from a centrally planned economy to a globally integrated just announced the opening of their retail store at 7130 Oak Ridge Highway in Knoxville, TN.

Following the collapse of the Soviet Union, Russia had undergone a radical transformation, moving from a centrally planned economy to a globally integrated A massive fire has today erupted at a builders market in Moscow.

The end of the bipolar world with the collapse of the Soviet Union in 1989 made to materialize the hegemonic situation exerted by the United States in the world that is threatened today by its economic weakness and the economic and military rise of China that has highlighted in the geopolitical world by great political influence, military and economic in the Asian and international scene thanks to the great extension of its territory (ranked third in territorial dimension on the planet), high number of inhabitants (about 1.3 billion, most populous in the world) and the dynamism of its economy (the economy is currently showing the highest growth rates on the planet).

He recalled the awe that the smart set once evinced for the economies of «Japan, Inc.» and the Soviet Union, and noted that Germany's current success benefits from liberalization «that made the country a little bit more like... the United States.»

Test - based accountability is essentially a central - planning exercise similar to that used by officials in the Soviet Union in attempting to manage the country's economy.

In planned state economy, the government prepares plans that, in the Soviet Union, were called «five year plans» having the function of promoting economic growth through the expansion of the productive sector.

The parallels between the trajectory of the Soviet Union's attempt to reform its economy and the trajectory of the federal government's attempts to reform the public education system are striking.

By the mid-1980s, Soviet leaders knew that they had to introduce supply and demand into the economy, but they couldn't bring themselves to try honest - to - God capitalism, so they tried to decentralize decision - making and permit some elements of a market economy while retaining central price controls and government ownership of the means of production.

To achieve their version of the Utopian ideal, the Soviets executed a planned economy in the extreme; everything, from the amount of food that would be made to the quantity of clothes that would be sold in stores, was regulated and calculated according to an elaborate system of quotas.

Since the author's overarching focus is on the collapse of the Soviet planned economy, the book contains a fair amount of economic theory.

It is one of the many ironies of this period that, at a time when the intelligentsia were excoriating Mellon for tax - evasion, and contrasting the smooth - running Soviet planned economy with the breakdown in America, he was secretly exploiting the frantic necessities of the Soviet leaders to form the basis of one of America's most splendid public collections

Shopping a la Soviet Union command economy.

When Eastern Europe left the Soviet orbit, the countries that did the best were the ones that freed their economies most rapidly.

The gravamen of its arguments was that command economies without a private sector, e.g., the Soviet Union then (and North Korea and Cuba today), just do not work.

People inevitably remember the fall of the Berlin Wall, which heralded the dissolution of the Soviet Union — even though Tiananmen Square came first (just months earlier, in Jun - 1989), basically forcing an acceleration of China's rural - urban migration & its transition to a capitalist economy (thereby relegating communism to a mere system of political control).