Sentences with phrase «spatial differences in»

Regional differences in the observed SST changes after volcanic eruptions are expected, partly because of spatial differences in climate noise.

They also find that the primary contribution to storm surges in the region are sea surface height anomalies from the Pacific, with local wind patterns causing small spatial differences in the sea surface height.

FHX2 has powerful statistical functions for analyzing the seasonality of past fires, temporal changes in fire regimes, or spatial differences in fire occurrence between sites.

Such samples, commonly referred to as FFPE, preserve the integrity of the tissue architecture of the original tumor, allowing the researchers to study the spatial differences in protein expression.

We develop systems of ordinary differential equations to address the generic features of the initial phase of spheroid formation and an agent - based three - dimensional computational model to focus on spatial differences in the process.

As the last general election in the United Kingdom showed, this is a hazardous task to engage in, as the votes to seats ration can be skewed by geography and spatial differences in terms of support gains / losses for the different parties.

Not exact matches

Or one might declare that (E) and (E1) are necessarily independent if the distance between their spatial coordinates divided by the difference between their temporal coordinates, in some common frame, exceeds the speed of light.

Hence the succession is confused with spatial order; the duration of concomitant motions is judged erroneously from the distance covered by the moving bodies without taking into account the differences in speed; and the relation of simultaneity is not disentangled from spatial coincidence.

This brings up questions such as whether raising children in enclosed spaces versus open spaces will result in differences in spatial and social cognition.

The fact that experience can shape individual differences, which in turn can affect the quality of spatial and social cognition a person, suggests that growing up in certain built environments can have detrimental or beneficial effects on their cognitive ability.

The work of Kremkow and colleagues indicates that the organization of all maps originates from the same principle: an arrangement of thalamic afferents that minimizes differences in spatial position, eye input and light / dark polarity among neighboring cortical neurons.

New research raises the question whether raising children in enclosed spaces versus open spaces will result in differences in spatial and social cognition.

«It's not a difference in the number of receptors, it's spatial orientation.»

These differences were found in parts of the DNA that turn genes on and off in specific brain regions, in this case a brain region important for spatial memory.

Although the effect of the spatial distribution of SLR in each CMIP5 model on beach loss rate in Japan is insignificant, the effects of differences in the SLR values among the RCP scenarios and CMIP5 models are significant.

Sampling song from males at high and low elevations from two different mountains allowed us to (i) assess the presence of any differences in song structure at different elevations and (ii) consider the potential mechanism generating variation or song dialects on a small spatial scale.

In montane environments, environmental differences can occur over an elevation gradient, favouring local adaptations across small spatial scales.

He followed the paths the beads traveled back to the subiculum and found that the magenta and green beads landed in two distinct spatial niches in the dorsal subiculum; thus, highlighting differences in connectivity.

We generate high - resolution 3D models of the spatial organization of the genomes of distinct eukaryotic cell types in interphase to identify differences in the chromatin landscape.

Additionally, there were also regional differences in the spatial patterns of change trend in the ARNC temperature at a given time.

Examination of the geographical distribution of the differences in 0 to 700 m heat content between the 1977 — 1981 and 1965 — 1969 pentads and the 1986 — 1990 and 1977 — 1981 pentads shows that the pattern of heat content change has spatial scales of entire ocean basins and is also found in similar analyses by Ishii et al. (2006).

Often lost in the discussion of girls» advantages is the reality that boys outperform girls on tests of visual and spatial abilities, and do at least as well on tests of mathematical skills at this age, and these differences widen as they advance in school.

In Study 2, dogs were tested in a spatial location affective bias task to infer differences in their underlying state as measured by latency to approach ambiguous and unbaited probe locationIn Study 2, dogs were tested in a spatial location affective bias task to infer differences in their underlying state as measured by latency to approach ambiguous and unbaited probe locationin a spatial location affective bias task to infer differences in their underlying state as measured by latency to approach ambiguous and unbaited probe locationin their underlying state as measured by latency to approach ambiguous and unbaited probe locations.

This creates a fascinating reference system of repetitions and differences, in terms of both the temporal and the spatial, that asks questions of the viewer about architecture, public space, and their function in society.

The display of seemingly unrelated objects in terms of spatial proximity, differences in scale, subject matter as well as the overall diversity of Birmingham's collection chimes with Jess's citation of many inter-connecting references in her work allowing innovative overlaps of visual, historical and cultural analogies.

Traces of older methods are still evident as well, able to co-exist with these newer developments, all in all contributing to a diverse selection of works, with physical and spatial differences occurring across all the paintings in this current exhibition, Field.

Hence, we would expect to see increasing differences in the spatial OLR structure compared to that of the heat emission from the surface, as the greenhouse effect is increased.

Some of these differences are believed to reflect differences in seasonality and spatial emphasis.

However, none of these issues really affect the attribution argument because a) differences in magnitude of forcing over time are assessed by way of the scales in the attribution process, and b) errors in the spatial pattern will end up in the residuals, which are not large enough to change the overall assessment.

A situation which you describe in the paper (see Figures 3a, 3b, first full paragraph of page 461, that the reconstructed trends for the Peninsula are less than the global average and yet you describe is as one of the most rapidly warming places on earth, that your Figure 4e has spatial differences compared with Supplemental Figure 1c and 1d or the image you linked to in comment 18), and which renders that spatial detail of the cover image difficult to interpret.

But the bias uncertainty is smaller than the errors which are not persistent in time (e.g. due to incomplete spatial coverage), so I don't think accounting for this would make much difference, as Victor suggests.

A basic difference between our calculations and those of O'Donnell is that we chose to retain the trend information in the satellite data in the presentation of our results, whereas their method uses only the spatial information.

Transcription comes in with the means of cooperation between national meteorological organizations and spatial sampling is uneven owing to differences in national capabilities.

Why there is such a nonlinearity in the abrupt4xCO2 runs is interesting, and as the papers cited suggest it is likely related to spatial variations in the feedbacks combined differences in response times (particularly the southern ocean).

Surface variables such as T (2m) are strongly affected by their environment, which may be represented differently in different weather models (e.g. different spatial resolution implies different altitudes) and therefore is a reason for differences between reanalyses.

But the more basic point here is that the Cowtan paper does not use the satellite time trend (which is somewhat unreliable — remember the long history of corrections, and the difference in trends between the UAH and RSS products), it only uses the satellite spatial pattern to fill the data holes.

The differences in the warming spatial patterns are even more pronounced for the period of 1997 to 2012.

The results demonstrate clear spatial and temporal differences in water column and streambed thermal responses to precipitation events and streamflow peaks.

Spatial and temporal differences in thermal response to storm events were controlled by precipitation and stream discharge peak characteristics (above) plus antecedent basin conditions, which together determine the nature and rapidity of hydrological response.

To investigate the relative source strengths of OSCs, the respective source contributions for DMS are presented in Fig. 4, which indicates the magnitude of the different contributions as well as differences in the spatial distributions of the three types of sources.

Last year, an analysis conducted by the UK Met Office demonstrated that the disagreement amongst groups arose primarily from the differences in spatial coverage, especially the inclusion or exclusion of polar regions.

In addition to regional climate change being strongly affected by natural modes of variability, geographic differences in climate change are related to the uneven spatial distribution of aerosols and tropospheric ozonIn addition to regional climate change being strongly affected by natural modes of variability, geographic differences in climate change are related to the uneven spatial distribution of aerosols and tropospheric ozonin climate change are related to the uneven spatial distribution of aerosols and tropospheric ozone.

Tomas was insisting on the importance of the spatial component of the chaos in our climate system (see title of this post, and his comments up top regarding the difference — which he introduced here, not I).

The notion that a tool — an RCM — may possess shortcomings in its predictive skill, but simultaneously prove to be a valuable tool to support narratives that are relevant to policy making and spatial planning can in fact be extended to highlighting the difference between «climate predictions» and «climate scenarios».

By examining the spatial pattern of both types of climate variation, the scientists found that the anthropogenic global warming signal was relatively spatially uniform over the tropical oceans and thus would not have a large effect on the atmospheric circulation, whereas the PDO shift in the 1990s consisted of warming in the tropical west Pacific and cooling in the subtropical and east tropical Pacific, which would enhance the existing sea surface temperature difference and thus intensify the circulation.

Due to the differences in time - span and spatial resolution between the three satellite datasets considered, not all of the above shown ground - based stations were utilized in the comparisons of all three satellite instruments.

Differences in growth rates have been attributed to differences in spatial variations of the initial aerosol sizes, in solubilities, and in magnitudes of superDifferences in growth rates have been attributed to differences in spatial variations of the initial aerosol sizes, in solubilities, and in magnitudes of superdifferences in spatial variations of the initial aerosol sizes, in solubilities, and in magnitudes of supersaturation.

Several other differences over Europe are linked to differences in spatial resolution, which is higher in E-OBS and lower in GPCP than in ERA - Interim and GPCC.

We posit that these characteristics are the result of demonstrable differences between corresponding topographical datasets used in the gridded observations and CRCM, the resulting errors propagated to physical variables tied to elevation and the beneficial effect of subsequent spatial averaging.

«Bias might be introduced in cases where the spatial coverage is not uniform (e.g., of the 24 original chronologies with data back to 1500, half are concentrated in eastern Siberia) but this can be reduced by prior averaging of the chronologies into regional series (as was done in the previous section)... Eight different methods have been used... They produce very similar results for the post-1700 period... They exhibit fairly dramatic differences, however, in the magnitude of multidecadal variability prior to 1700... highlighting the sensitivity of the reconstruction to the methodology used, once the number of regions with data, and the reliability of each regional reconstruction, begin to decrease.