Sentences with phrase «such epigenetic»

Several laboratories that explore such epigenetic processes have productively focused on genes in the glucocorticoid system (19 ⇓ — 21).

One such epigenetic trigger being heavily studied in the field of oncology is the free radical.

Such epigenetic mechanisms have already been exploited for diagnosis and treatment; for example, DNA hypomethylation therapy with 5 - azacytidine is approved for MDS and is in clinical trials for some other cancers.

Even less is known about our unique epigenetic makeup, but it is exactly such epigenetic changes that may have shaped our own species.

Such epigenetic marks play a central role in the regulation of the genome's expression.

The team has been able to prove that such epigenetic alterations are associated with the increased levels of an enzyme, namely DNA methyltransferase 3A (DNMT3A), which is responsible for the acquisition of the suppressive properties of these cells that develop in the tumoral microenvironment.

Romain Barrès, who studies the genetics of metabolism at the University of Copenhagen, wanted to see whether there was evidence of such epigenetic changes in human sperm.

Such an epigenetic change might permanently alter which genes are active in the brains of those mice.

Such epigenetic mechanisms are high on the list of suspects when it comes to explaining how environmental factors that affect parents can later influence their children, such as in the Dutch second world war study, but just how these epigenetic changes might be passed on to future generations is a mystery.

Such epigenetic inheritance has been implicated in many modern ills, from schizophrenia to bipolar disorder and obesity.

In a report on the research published March 27 in Nature Genetics, the team says the findings also suggest that such epigenetic variability is a major factor in the ability of cancer cells to proliferate, adapt and metastasize.

Not exact matches

The OAR proposal uses a variation of therapeutic cloning called altered nuclear transfer (ANT) in which the nucleus of a donor cell (a skin cell, for example), containing the 30,000 genes of the genetic code, is altered in such a way that it produces an epigenetic factor, a protein called nanog.

It must be admitted that epigenetic models lead to difficulties, because they postulate the emergence of qualities, such as life and mind, in evolving systems which did not possess them at all.

Embryonic stem cells are produced during development by the same process of epigenetic programming that later will produce adult cells such as skin and brain.

Indeed, the ability to clone animals, such as Dolly the sheep, by fusion of an adult cell to an enucleated oocyte demonstrates that the epigenetic programming responsible for maintaining an adult cell in a stable state can be erased by factors present in the cytoplasm of the oocyte.

For those who have no idea about the science of the microbiome and the science of epigenetics, such an effort makes perfect sense:

Entitled Social science and epigenetics: opportunities and challenges, the symposium will seek to examine how multidisciplinary research into epigenetics — the science of the lasting marks that modify the expression of the genes encoded in our DNA — might help provide answers to societal concerns including why deprivation has such a marked impact on child development and on health outcomes.

Subsequent research undertaken at the University of Glasgow has indicated that such health inequalities may be due, at least in part, to epigenetic effects resulting from socio - economic circumstances - http://medicalxpress.com/news/2012-01-health-inequalities-imprinted-dna.html The Economic and Social Research Council (ESRC) is the UK's largest organisation for funding research on economic and social issues.

This collaboration will also help contribute to understanding the implications epigenetic changes have for such key social policy issues as parenting, poverty, obesity and health.

Chemical modifications such as DNA methylation control mammalian genes, serving as bookmarks for when a gene should be used — a phenomenon known as epigenetics.

Baylin and Johns Hopkins scientist Michelle Vaz, Ph.D., first author on the study, suspected that the interplay of epigenetic and genetic changes may occur when normal lung cells develop into cancer, but, Baylin says, the timing of such changes was unknown.

In both species, significant reductions in epigenetic drift were observed, such that age - related changes in methylation in old animals on the calorie - restricted diets were comparable to those of young animals.

«At this time, when prescription opioid use and opioid overdoses are both major threats to our public health, it is important to identify new treatment targets, such as epigenetic processes, that help to change the way that we do business in treating opioid use disorders,» said professor John Krystal, Editor of Biological Psychiatry.

Cowan and his fellow researchers had previously found that the epigenetic enzyme histone deacetylase 5 (HDAC5) slows the rodent brain from forming associations between cocaine and simple cues in the environment, such as light and sound.

«It can handle multiple biomarker technologies simultaneously, such as complex flow cytometry, next - generation sequencing, immunosequencing, epigenetic profiling, and other types of asssys measuring biological variation as well,» says Marshall.

In an attractive synthesis, such neighborhood - level risk factors might impart lasting epigenetic changes — the chemical overwriting of the genome in response to environmental cues.

New research shows that adolescent binge drinking can lead to epigenetic reprogramming that predisposes an individual to later psychiatric disorders such as anxiety.

Such «epigenetic» changes were thought to be reset in sperm because the DNA in the nucleus opens up and is repackaged before and after fertilisation.

This discrepancy suggests that other hereditary factors also play a role, such as epigenetic changes in the genetic material, including DNA methylation.

With epigenetics we mean such changes in genes that are not determined by changes in the actual DNA sequence, but effects that are superimposed on this, caused for example by environmental effects.

This new insight into how chromosomes are disassembled and reassembled during cell division will allow researchers to begin answering basic questions about epigenetic inheritance, as well as human disease such as chromosome disorders and cancer.

That is a controversial suggestion, and one that will be music to the ears of those who think that evolution can occur via heritable epigenetic mechanisms, and that standard evolutionary theory needs to be broadened to include such processes.

It might be possible then to link the alterations to environmental changes such as stressful events or diet, which have been shown to cause inheritable epigenetic changes in mice.

Most notably, immune - mediated diseases are expected to be significantly influenced by such reagents as epigenetic changes have been widely noted to influence the immune system.

These animals showed none of the behavioral deficits usually seen in such offspring, and their brains showed none of the epigenetic changes.

Faults in subtle epigenetic changes are expected to contribute to infertility and the emergence of disorders such as testicular cancer.

Such transient effects of environmental factors to which earlier generations were exposed on the expression of characteristics in their progeny illustrate the unique, pliable nature of this epigenetic mechanism.

The researchers then showed that new environmental conditions, such as a different ambient temperature, can affect the expression of epigenetic information over several generations, but they do not erase this information.

A closer look revealed epigenetic changes, such as methylation and histone modification, which shut down selected genes, often in response to environmental stresses.

The new research adds to the growing body of evidence of epigenetic changes in diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis, multiple sclerosis, type 2 diabetes, and obesity.

«Given that phenotypic heterogeneity within a bacterial population can increase its advantage of survival under stress conditions such as antibiotic treatment, this new technique is quite promising for future treatment of bacterial pathogens, as it enables de novo detection and characterization of epigenetic heterogeneity in a bacterial population.»

Environmental exposures such as smoking, air pollution and metals have been linked to epigenetic changes associated with health risks.

They are involved in epigenetic changes, such as DNA methylation, which has been implicated in cardiovascular disease and other conditions.

For instance, malnutrition in early life as a result of poor nutrition during pregnancy and / or the lactation period may be stored on the offspring genome as epigenetic memory and persist into adulthood, thereby increasing the susceptibility to metabolic diseases such as obesity in later life.

He notes that because of the boggling number of potential factors, such as copy number variations, point mutations and epigenetic (inherited mutation) factors involved in autism, it will be important to find common pathways «because the mechanisms interrupting those pathways might be different among individuals.»

Epigenetic translates to «above genetic» and is an emerging field of study that looks at how environmental factors — such as infections, pollutants, stress and, in this case, long - term exposure to drugs that block estrogen synthesis — could influence a person's DNA.

That includes fundamental questions about organisms» growth, development, and regeneration, such as how the epigenetic code works to control tissue function, he says.

Further, since the disruption of epigenetic mechanisms may cause diseases such as cancer, diabetes and autoimmune disorders, these new findings could have implications for human health.

One such surprise was the relative importance of two types of epigenetic control switches for retinal development.

What's more, the researchers hope to be able to add other types of «omics data such as RNA sequencing, epigenetic information, and histone modifications.