Sentences with phrase «summer sea surface temperatures»

Proxy data covering the past 9000 years from Point Barrow revealed annual sea ice covering the eastern Chukchi Sea varied from only 5.5 to 9 months, and summer sea surface temperatures ranged from 3 to 7.5 °C, much higher than today (McKay 2008).

Not exact matches

There is no longer support in the sea surface temperature field for an early start to the summer monsoon in western Mexico.

Forecasting years ahead relies on sea surface temperature in the North Atlantic, whereas the El Niño Southern Oscillation is important for a shorter - term forecast before each summer.

The findings suggest the latitude of the Atlantic jet stream in summer is influenced by several factors including sea surface temperatures, solar variability, and the extent of Arctic sea - ice, indicating a potential long - term memory and predictability in the climate system.

The evaluation of the data show a clear correlation between the sea surface temperatures in the Irminger Sea in summer, the amount of surface freshwater in this region and the atmospheric conditions and onset of convection in the following wintsea surface temperatures in the Irminger Sea in summer, the amount of surface freshwater in this region and the atmospheric conditions and onset of convection in the following wintSea in summer, the amount of surface freshwater in this region and the atmospheric conditions and onset of convection in the following winter.

Sea surface temperatures were warmer this past summer also; I forget how many standard deviations the temperature was off the trend, but it was definitely anomalous.

Consistent with observed changes in surface temperature, there has been an almost worldwide reduction in glacier and small ice cap (not including Antarctica and Greenland) mass and extent in the 20th century; snow cover has decreased in many regions of the Northern Hemisphere; sea ice extents have decreased in the Arctic, particularly in spring and summer (Chapter 4); the oceans are warming; and sea level is rising (Chapter 5).

Shabbar, A. & Skinner, W. Summer drought patterns in Canada and the relationship to global sea surface temperatures.

However, climate change is causing abnormally high sea - surface temperatures, which is causing corals to bleach during summer months (see below for detail).

Past summer, extratropical temperature changes appear, for example, to have have differed significantly from annual temperature changes over the entire (tropical and extratropical) Northern Hemisphere, and tropical Pacific Sea Surface Temperatures appear to have varied oppositely with temperatures in the extratropical regions oTemperatures appear to have varied oppositely with temperatures in the extratropical regions otemperatures in the extratropical regions of the globe.

(57j) For surface + tropospheric warming in general, there is (given a cold enough start) positive surface albedo feedback, that is concentrated at higher latitudes and in some seasons (though the temperature response to reduced summer sea ice cover tends to be realized more in winter when there is more heat that must be released before ice forms).

Re 9 wili — I know of a paper suggesting, as I recall, that enhanced «backradiation» (downward radiation reaching the surface emitted by the air / clouds) contributed more to Arctic amplification specifically in the cold part of the year (just to be clear, backradiation should generally increase with any warming (aside from greenhouse feedbacks) and more so with a warming due to an increase in the greenhouse effect (including feedbacks like water vapor and, if positive, clouds, though regional changes in water vapor and clouds can go against the global trend); otherwise it was always my understanding that the albedo feedback was key (while sea ice decreases so far have been more a summer phenomenon (when it would be warmer to begin with), the heat capacity of the sea prevents much temperature response, but there is a greater build up of heat from the albedo feedback, and this is released in the cold part of the year when ice forms later or would have formed or would have been thicker; the seasonal effect of reduced winter snow cover decreasing at those latitudes which still recieve sunlight in the winter would not be so delayed).

An apparent lag in temperature seen in the Greenland ice cores might be an artifact of the proximity of the large Laurentide Ice Sheet, which would have limited the near surface air temperature to the freezing point, as happens over summer sea - ice now.

The National Climatic Data Center has released its review of worldwide sea surface temperatures for August and for the stretch from June through August and finds that both the month and the «summer» (as looked at from the Northern Hemisphere) were the warmest at least since 1880, when such records were first systematically compiled.

Composite satellite measurements of sea surface temperature (SST) and real - color land and sea ice images for the end of the summer 2011 season in the Pacific Arctic.

Levine, R.C., Turner, A.G., Marathayil, D. and Martin, G.M. (accepted Dec 2012), The role of northern Arabian Sea surface temperature biases in CMIP5 model simulations and future predictions of Indian summer monsoon rainfall, in press, Climate Dynamics., DOI 10.1007 / s00382 -012-1656-x link

«A recent underwater expedition to the Red Sea offshore from Sudan and Eritrea [18] found surface water temperatures 28 °C in winter and up to 34 °C in the summer, but despite that extreme heat the coral was healthy with much fish life with very little sign of coral bleaching»

Many retreats began with an increase in thinning rates near the front in the summer of 2003, a year of record high coastal - air and sea - surface temperatures.

A survey of trends in dispersed and concentrated sea ice extent in the Arctic in the northern summer and northern winter and in the Antarctic in the southern summer and southern winter for the period 1979 - 2015 shows a negative trend in dispersed and concentrated sea ice extent in the Arctic in the northern summer amid rising surface temperature in the northern hemisphere.

But as the summer progressed, El Niño didn't form the way scientists expected it to: sea surface temperatures in the eastern Pacific never warmed enough to truly be called an El Niño, and the buzz fizzled out.

Regional climate simulations, driven by two «well performing» dynamically downscaled IPCC models, also shows an amplification of historical summer temperature and precipitation extremes is occurring in conjunction with the Pacific sea surface temperature influence on US regional climate.

«The results we currently have should be viewed as preliminary,» said Friederike Otto, «because the observed sea surface temperatures are not yet available for this summer, we have simulated the summer of 2014 as a proxy.

Surface air temperature change in winter and summer when using doubled CO2 sea surface temperatures as calculated in the GISS (DBL CO2) and GFDL (ALT) models circa early - midSurface air temperature change in winter and summer when using doubled CO2 sea surface temperatures as calculated in the GISS (DBL CO2) and GFDL (ALT) models circa early - midsurface temperatures as calculated in the GISS (DBL CO2) and GFDL (ALT) models circa early - mid-1980s.

Tivy (University of Alaska Fairbanks); 5.7 Million Square Kilometers; Statistical This method is based on a simple regression where the predictor is the previous summer (May / June / July) sea surface temperature (SST) in the North Atlantic and North Pacific oceans near the marginal ice zone.

This summer, sea surface temperatures were higher than average, but lower than in the last three years.

The predicted September sea ice area in the East Siberian and Laptev Seas, from a simple regression model using summer (Aug - Sep - Oct) sea surface temperatures in the North Atlantic as the predictor, is below normal but greater than in 2009.

''... worked with two sediment cores they extracted from the seabed of the eastern Norwegian Sea, developing a 1000 - year proxy temperature record «based on measurements of δ18O in Neogloboquadrina pachyderma, a planktonic foraminifer that calcifies at relatively shallow depths within the Atlantic waters of the eastern Norwegian Sea during late summer,» which they compared with the temporal histories of various proxies of concomitant solar activity... This work revealed, as the seven scientists describe it, that «the lowest isotope values (highest temperatures) of the last millennium are seen ~ 1100 - 1300 A.D., during the Medieval Climate Anomaly, and again after ~ 1950 A.D.» In between these two warm intervals, of course, were the colder temperatures of the Little Ice Age, when oscillatory thermal minima occurred at the times of the Dalton, Maunder, Sporer and Wolf solar minima, such that the δ18O proxy record of near - surface water temperature was found to be «robustly and near - synchronously correlated with various proxies of solar variability spanning the last millennium,» with decade - to century - scale temperature variability of 1 to 2 °C magnitude.»

Influence of sea surface temperature on the European heat wave of 2003 summer.

Black et al. (15) analyzed basic factors that likely contributed to the summer 2003 European heat wave, examining large - scale atmospheric flow, regional heat budget at the top of the atmosphere, and sea surface temperature.

As a hydrologist — I would happily predict much more summer rainfall in Australia, India, China, Indonesia and Africa for a decade or three more — based on patterns of sea surface temperature in the Pacific.

Furthermore, significant warming during the satellite sea surface temperature record (1982 — 2009) is mainly limited to the summer months... we speculate that Bering Sea primary productivity is likely to rise under conditions of future warming and sea ice loss.&raqsea surface temperature record (1982 — 2009) is mainly limited to the summer months... we speculate that Bering Sea primary productivity is likely to rise under conditions of future warming and sea ice loss.&raqSea primary productivity is likely to rise under conditions of future warming and sea ice loss.&raqsea ice loss.»

Sea Surface Temperatures are running low near southern Alaska, and portions of Alaska are coming off one of their coldest summers on record.

Multi-model mean changes in surface air temperature (°C, left), precipitation (mm day — 1, middle) and sea level pressure (hPa, right) for boreal winter (DJF, top) and summer (JJA, bottom).

To a large extent the probability forecasts in Figure 11 resemble the surface air temperature anomaly of the last two months in Figure 7 in the high latitudes, illustrating the persistence of weak climate anomalies over the sea ice and ocean covered regions throughout the summer months.

As with previous CIS contributions, the 2016 forecast was derived by considering a combination of methods: 1) a qualitative heuristic method based on observed end - of - winter Arctic ice thickness / extent, as well as winter surface air temperature, spring ice conditions and the summer temperature forecast; 2) a simple statistical method, Optimal Filtering Based Model (OFBM), that uses an optimal linear data filter to extrapolate the September sea ice extent time - series into the future and 3) a Multiple Linear Regression (MLR) prediction system that tests ocean, atmosphere and sea ice predictors.

Observational climate data also showed that sea surface temperatures in the Pacific Ocean have a significant influence on summer air temperatures in the eastern U.S.

Antarctic vegetation in the MMCO implies a summer temperature of approximately 11 °C warmer than today [24] and annual sea surface temperatures ranging from 0 °C to 11.5 °C [25].

Shin, Z. Liu and Q. Liu (October 2016): Sensitivity of Asian Summer Monsoon precipitation to tropical sea surface temperature anomalies.

Arctic temperatures at the beginning of the first millennium were between 2 ° and 6 °C warmer than they are now, as paleoclimate evidence suggests summer Arctic sea surface temperatures ranged between 3 °C and 7.5 °C about 2,000 years ago, whereas they average about 1.1 °C today.

Scientific confidence of the occurrence of climate change include, for example, that over at least the last 50 years there have been increases in the atmospheric concentration of CO2; increased nitrogen and soot (black carbon) deposition; changes in the surface heat and moisture fluxes over land; increases in lower tropospheric and upper ocean temperatures and ocean heat content; the elevation of sea level; and a large decrease in summer Arctic sea ice coverage and a modest increase in Antarctic sea ice coverage.

Figure 4 shows the sea surface temperature patterns for each season; summer is warmest and winter is coldest.

And i agree that there seems to be no predictive value in winter ice growth versus summer recession.It would be interesting to graph sea surface temperatures versus ice extent (individual years, not normed), to see if that lends some information as to the probability that soot is an important factor in summer melt.

The thermometers out there (even the ones next to AC exhausts in the summer or heated buildings in the winter) tell us that the «globally and annually averaged land and sea surface temperature» has not risen over more than a decade (in fact it has cooled slightly).

Increased surface melting, loss of ice shelves, and reduction of summer and autumn sea ice around the Antarctic and Greenland continents during the warmest interglacials would have a year - round effect on temperature, because the increased area of open water has its largest impact on surface air temperature in the cool seasons.

«The power of Atlantic tropical cyclones is rising rather dramatically and the increase is correlated with an increase in the late summer / early fall sea - surface temperature over the North Atlantic.

The average surface air temperature for the year ending September 2017 is the 2nd warmest since 1900; however, cooler spring and summer temperatures contributed to a rebound in snow cover in the Eurasian Arctic, slower summer sea ice loss, and below - average melt extent for the Greenland ice sheet.

Shabbar, A. & Skinner, W. Summer drought patterns in Canada and the relationship to global sea surface temperatures.

Total solar irradiance changes, though of small magnitude, do appear to affect sea surface temperatures (SSTs), most obviously at latitudes where cloud cover is small and irradiance is abundant, such as the Northern Hemisphere subtropics during summer.