Sentences with phrase «t cell activity»

Chicken broth actually increases killer T cell activity.

Mice lacking this protein developed an autoimmune disease as a result of aberrant T cell activity and over-inflammation.

«Immunotherapy drugs currently approved to treat cancer block the negative signals that minimize T cell activity,» explains Ware.

Thus, current efforts have focused on finding novel targets to improve cytotoxic T cell activity that will augment existing therapies.

Recently, interest has developed regarding the possibility of targeting intracellular inhibitory proteins to improve T cell activity against cancer, including diacylglycerol kinase ζ (DGKζ)(9, 10) and Casitas b - lineage proto - oncogene b (Cbl - b)(11), which attenuate signal transduction events downstream of the TCR and CD28.

Our data suggests that targeting DGKζ could prove to be a more useful clinical approach to augment cytotoxic T cell activity against tumor than targeting Cbl - b, perhaps resulting from enhanced Ras / ERK signaling.

Targeting inhibitory proteins within cytotoxic T cells as a means to improve T cell activity against cancer has led to impressive clinical successes, but only in a minority of treated patients (1).

TGF - beta 1 plays an important role in the mechanism of CD4 + CD25 + regulatory T cell activity in both humans and mice.

Tumors can suppress CD4 + T cell activity and CTL tumor lysis directly through secretion of immunosuppressive factors including TGF - β1 but also PGE - 2, and IL - 10.

The decreased tumor size and enhanced tumor rejection in DGKζ - deficient mice indirectly suggests that enhanced Erk signaling may be superior to enhanced NF - κΒ activation in facilitating T cell activity against tumor, especially because DKO mice did not exhibit improved tumor control relative to DGKζ − / − mice.

CTLA - 4 keeps the immune system in check to avoid autoimmune disease by downregulating T cell activity.

Although the responses were mixed, one animal did show a dramatic increase in HCV - specific T cell activity in the liver and a sharp decrease in viral load.

The circuit also expresses a checkpoint inhibitor designed to lift the brakes on T cell activity.

By inactivating calcineurin the drug suppresses T cell activity.

At the same time T cell activity increased, with a marked increase in the activity of another T cell, CD8, from day 30 to 120.

The results suggest that ibrutinib restored T cell activity in the patients.

Scientists examined the DEJ for T cell activity because this is where the genital herpes virus multiplies after reactivating and traveling from its hiding place in the body's sensory neurons.

Not exact matches

«Ultimately, we needed 20 years to learn how to supercharge these cells to deliver anticancer activity,» says Arie Belldegrun, president and CEO of Kite Pharma in Santa Monica, California, which is assessing CAR T cells in six trials for B cell leukemia and lymphomas, and glioblastoma.

In addition, selective probiotics, like bifidobacterium, can increase IgA secretion (40) as well as indirectly enhance T regulatory cell activity (18), thereby promoting mucosal tolerance and preventing the allergic response.

This colonizing bacterial strain, in the presence of specific milk oligosaccharides, produces factors that enhance T regulatory cell activity and promote interestinal tolerance (18).

By comparing the results to cells from paired normal tissue, researchers get a detailed molecular picture of the tumor environment, including the types and activity levels of T cells that are critical to the immunotherapy response.

And a new analysis of the STEP trial, published last November in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences USA, provides a warning that the very vectors (adenoviruses, which are also employed in other vaccine development work) used to distribute the inactive HIV strains can actually make the immune system more vulnerable to infection by recruiting susceptible T cells to mucous membranes, where they are more likely to be infected during sexual activity.

The current test is only able to analyze part of the human immune system, namely the B - cells but not the T - cells, which are needed as helper cells to fight the infection and whose activity indicates the presence of an infection.

In pancreatic cancer, their activity boosts tumor growth and spread, and may also help suppress T cells and other immune elements that would otherwise attack the tumor.

They discovered that genetic variation influencing a person's risk for multiple sclerosis, rheumatoid arthritis, and type 1diabetes is more likely to control gene activity in T cells than in monocytes.

«In this study we found that NF - κB activity is strongly associated with immune system T - cell infiltration in lung cancer,» explained study co-author Dung - Tsa Chen, Ph.D., member of the Biostatistics Department at Moffitt.

The molecule seemed to function as a checkpoint, turning off the T cell after a period of activity — perhaps to prevent collateral damage to healthy tissue.

The protein sits on the surface of T cells and helps dampen the activity of the cells after an immune response, but tumors have found ways to hide from T cell attack by flipping on the PD - 1 switch themselves.

Among the protagonists are B cells, which produce antibody molecules able to neutralize pathogens or mark them for destruction, and T cells, which prompt infected cells to kill themselves or secrete chemicals that direct the activities of other immune players.

By destroying tryptophan, the enzyme then suppresses the activity of maternal T cells that would otherwise make their way through the placenta and destroy the fetus.

Fusin acted preferentially for T cell line - tropic isolates, in comparison to its activity with macrophage - tropic HIV - 1 isolates.

And a new analysis of the stopped STEP trial, published online Monday in Proceedings in the National Academy of Sciences, provides a warning that the very vectors (adenoviruses, which are also employed in other vaccine development) used to distribute the inactive HIV strains can actually prime the immune system to be infected by recruiting susceptible T cells to mucous membranes, where they are more likely to be infected during sexual activity.

The pair of studies bring renewed focus to the epigenetics of T cells — the multilayered system of molecular switches, accelerators, and throttles that controls the activity of genes.

For most available T cell immunotherapies, T cells (which play a central role in defending the body against illness) are engineered to recognize and eliminate tumors, but their activity is not specifically controlled, leading to toxicity and unwanted side effects in patients as a result of inflammation or in some cases suboptimal response to treatment.

This result reflected earlier findings that ILC and T cell subclasses produce similar sets of cytokines, but also revealed differences in how the two cell types control the activities of these key immune response genes.

Indeed, when Sonnenberg's team looked at ILC activity directly, they found that MHCII + ILCs could present foreign antigen to T cells and limit their expansion and pro-inflammatory properties.

But Clark and her colleagues have taken a new approach: instead of looking during the height of activity, they examined lesion sites after treatment, and identified T cell receptors of cells at these sites that were shared across psoriatic patients but not found in healthy individuals or those with other skin conditions.

Using bioinformatics tools to identify and map out specific components and regulatory interconnections, the study team found highly dynamic activities during CD8 + T cell responses: a distinct repertoire of super enhancers — groups of enhancers that interact with promoters to drive gene transcription, new groups of enhancers that jump into activity only in the memory cell stage, and extensive re-wiring of regulatory circuits from one cell stage to another.

More recently, the membrane receptor GARP was shown to bind to TGF - beta on regulatory T cells and platelets to modulate their activity.

That alters gut microbe populations, triggering the activity of pro-inflammatory T cells, which cause further damage in the brain, mouse studies show.

This approach resulted in the persistent clonal repopulation of T cells in those cancer patients, with the transferred cells proliferating in vivo, displaying functional activity, and trafficking to tumor sites.

«Once those T cells lack autophagy activity, they tend to undergo excessive cell death,» he said.

She demonstrated, for the first time, that the pathogenesis of type 1 diabetes in NOD mice correlated with an enhanced pathogenicity of T effector cells and a decreased suppressive activity of Tregs.

Both companies believe that combining the enhanced T - cell — mediated antitumor activity with a checkpoint inhibitor will extend the ability of tumor - specific T - cells to attack cancerous cells.

Depletion of neutrophils blocks the recruitment of antigen non-specific cells into the liver without affecting the antiviral activity of hepatitis B virus - specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes.

In our study, CD8 − T cells from CD4 KO rejector mice failed to display CTL or DTH activity, yet they were capable of inducing donor - specific apoptosis of corneal endothelial cells.

Moreover, the allospecific apoptotic activity of the putative DN T cells was abolished in two separate experiments using in vitro treatment with anti-Thy 1.2 antibody plus complement, which removed > 97 % of the Thy 1 + cells, as determined by flow cytometry.

Naïve T cells then expand and differentiate into effector T lymphocytes that acquire either cytotoxic activity or secrete high amounts of certain cytokines.

It's only three patients on a low dose of cells, but San Diego - based Poseida said the results — activity against the cancer and no «cytokine storm» side effects that often come with CAR - T therapy — were good enough to step up to the next dose.

But tumors have a ligand for the molecule, called PD - LI, and their interaction inhibits the activity of the T - cells that kill tumors, Celis explains.