Based on point # 2, a higher GHG concentration would make
the TOA IR emission look less like the surface, which is exactly what we see!
ERL ~ 8 km based on temp lapse rate and observed
TOA IR frequency; tropopause at equator ~ 17 km, lower at poles.
According to CERES data
TOA IR or longwave radiation from the TOA to space is increasing.
Not exact matches
What I'm saying is that
TOA, as far as radiative energy is concerned, for CO2 or other
IR absorbing gas, is effectively the altitude where the chance that a photon will be absorbed, and emitted back in a direction that will lead it to being absorbed again by a molecule in the atmosphere, becomes negligible.
But the the radiation emitted in space is again exactly the same, and so the «photosphere» (
TOA defined by
IR optical depth around one), what I understand being the «skin», is the same.
1) Can the
IR radiated by CO2 to the surface of the ocean that is captured as latent heat and transferred to the
TOA via evaporation, be released at different wavelengths??
An immediate effect of added CO2 is a reduction in outgoing
IR at
TOA.
-- robust radiative physics — ground - based instrumental evidence that CO2 absorbs and therefore emits
IR exactly in accordance with the physical theory — satellite data confirming this — satellite data apparently indicating a radiative imbalance at
TOA — robust measurements of the fraction of atmospheric CO2 — increasing global OHC since the mid-C20th
You could falsify the science by going to the
TOA measuring outgoing
IR.
A secondary issue is that bolometers on satellites show the CO2 15 micron band is depleted at
TOA and imagine this is because of absorption of surface
IR in those wavelengths by GHG absorption.
The new models assumed
TOA DOWN emissivity = 1 and black body
IR from the earth's surface and the lower atmosphere.
In reality
TOA DOWN emissivity = 0 because there can not be direct thermalisation of absorbed
IR.
I'm sure you've seen diagrams like this showing the
IR spectrum radiating to space at the
TOA.
The physics could be wrong, but the evidence for the GHE itself is IMO absolutely clear (visible in
TOA and BOA
IR spectra) and most scientifically competent CAGW skeptics don't really argue about this.
The second plot shows the spatial correlation between the
TOA outgoing
IR radiation and the temperature 2m above the surface.
Increasing greenhouse gases cause a top of the atmosphere (
TOA) imbalance in energy, which can only be rebalanced (preserving the first law of thermodynamics) by the climate warming, and radiating enough additional
IR to balance what energy is coming in.
A rider to this is that
TOA reduction of CO2
IR is self - absorbed thermal emission from dry, cold upper air so no proof of CO2 - AGW.
So the atmosphere must be opaque to thermal
IR radiation to produce an effective temperature at the
TOA different from the ground one.
Following up on what Phil said, to find the
TOA for
IR from CO2, we just consider the CO2.
Here raising the
TOA (ie raising CO2 concentrations) would not lead to a decrease in temperature (ie would not decrease
IR outputs).
In other words, the
TOA for CO2 for
IR radiation will have raised 0.8 km.