Urinary concentrations of both calcium and oxalate may be influenced by dietary intakes.
The objective of this paper was to evaluate the relationship between
urinary concentrations of InsP6, bone mass loss and risk fracture in postmenopausal women.
Publishing in Environmental Health Perspectives, researchers looked at organophosphate flame retardants (PFRs), studying
the urinary concentrations of their metabolites along with outcomes of IVF treatement.
«Infants who ate rice, rice products had higher
urinary concentrations of arsenic.»
Women with higher
urinary concentrations of a common type of flame retardant had reduced likelihood of clinical pregnancy and live birth than those with lower concentrations, according to researchers at Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health.
The study did not identify any clear link between
urinary concentrations of other phenols and ante - and postnatal growth of boys.
Since this month's publication in the medical journal Pediatrics of a study linking infant exposure to shampoos, powders and lotions with increased
urinary concentrations of phthalates, many parents have been replacing their favorite baby brands with organic alternatives.
Because
the urinary concentration of bisphenol A varies widely, it was not quantified accurately in the present study, which relied on a single urine sample for each woman.
It was measured by monitoring
urinary concentration of the major metabolite of melatonin, which is a hormone produced in the pineal gland known to be involved in the regulation of sleep cycles.
Not exact matches
We found that mothers» reported use
of infant lotion, infant powder, and shampoo was significantly associated with MEP, MMP, and MiBP
urinary concentrations.
Infants who consumed rice and rice products, including infant rice cereal, had higher
urinary As
concentrations than those who did not consume any type
of rice, with a trend
of increasing
urinary As
concentrations with increasing number
of servings
of rice and rice products.
Prevalence
of Rice and Rice - Product Consumption and Association With
Urinary Arsenic
Concentrations Among 129 Infants at 12 Months
Of foods mixed with rice,
urinary As
concentrations were nearly double for those who consumed rice snacks (GM, 4.97 µg / L; 95 % CI, 3.77 - 8.76 µg / L) compared with infants who did not consume rice (P <.001).
Urinary As
concentrations in our infants were an order
of magnitude lower than the median 35 µg / L
of As in a Bangladeshi population exposed to high drinking water As levels (median, 80 µg / L).28, 47 This was expected given the high rate
of breastfeeding in our populations29 and the lower proportion
of households with tap water As
concentrations above the US Environmental Protection Agency standard
of 10 µg / L (12.5 % in our study).
We examined the potential confounding effects
of home tap water As
concentration and sex, but because these factors were unrelated to
urinary As
concentrations, we report only the models including specific gravity.
Therefore, models for total
urinary As
concentrations (TUAs) were restricted to infants who had not consumed seafood or fish during the 3 days prior to the collection
of urine samples.
The purpose
of the current study have been to examine the relationship between 1st trimester
urinary metabolite
concentrations (week 9 - 11)
of DEP, DBP, DEHP, BBzP as well as DiNP in relation to AGD in 196 Swedish boys at 21 months
of age.
Although rice and rice products are typical first foods for infants, a new study found that infants who ate rice and rice products had higher
urinary arsenic
concentrations than those who did not consume any type
of rice, according to an article published online by JAMA Pediatrics.
Also, other dietary sources
of arsenic, such as apple juice, may further contribute to
urinary arsenic
concentrations.
Odds ratios
of reporting heart disease and diabetes diagnoses were computed in fully adjusted models (Table 3), using z - scores
of BPA and adjusting for age, sex, race / ethnicity, education, income, smoking, BMI, waist circumference and
urinary creatinine
concentrations.
90 %
of ingested iodine is excreted via renal pathways, such that median spot
urinary iodine
concentrations (UIC) will serve as a biomarker for recent dietary iodine intake (1).
The
concentrations of urinary oestrone -3-glucuronide, LH and pregnanediol - 3alpha - glucuronide as indices
of ovarian function.
And through a study consisting
of low carb, high protein diet the results garnered showed, that ketone bodies had reduced in the first 3 months and over a period
of time the
urinary ketone
concentration reduced, ultimately not showing in the urine results.
«Ingestion
of these fruits and nuts resulted in an increase in
urinary 5 - hydroxyindoleacetic acid excretion with no change in platelet serotonin
concentration.
In the first U.S. study
of urinary arsenic in babies, Dartmouth College researchers found that formula - fed infants had higher arsenic levels than breastfed infants, and that breast milk itself contained very low arsenic
concentrations.
It can be concluded that high
urinary phytate
concentrations are correlated with reduced bone mass loss in lumbar spine over 12 months and with reduced 10 - year probability
of hip and major osteoporotic fracture, indicating that increased phytate consumption can prevent development
of osteoporosis.
In this prospective, open and non-randomized study, the effect
of alpha - lipoic acid on the progression
of endothelial cell damage and the course
of diabetic nephropathy, as assessed by measurement
of plasma thrombomodulin and
urinary albumin
concentration (UAC), was evaluated in 84 patients with diabetes mellitus over 18 months.
During the sixth week
of the high - fiber diet, as compared with the sixth week
of the ADA diet, mean daily preprandial plasma glucose
concentrations were 13 mg per deciliter (0.7 mmol per liter) lower (95 percent confidence interval, 1 to 24 mg per deciliter [0.1 to 1.3 mmol per liter]; P = 0.04) and mean daily
urinary glucose excretion was 1.3 g lower (median difference, 0.23 g; 95 percent confidence interval, 0.03 to 1.83; P = 0.008).
The purpose
of this is to facilitate the removal
of higher
concentrations of heavy metals via the
urinary tract than would normally occur from the body's natural detoxification processes.
Dietary correlates
of urinary 6 - sulfatoxymelatonin
concentrations in the Nurses» Health Study cohorts.
The median
urinary iodine
concentration of Boston - area vegans (78.5 μg / liter) was lower than in the general U.S. adult population (164 μg / liter)(2) and in the Northeast U.S. population (134 μg / liter)(19).
Another study from western Australia (a region that has previously been shown to be iodine replete) measured
urinary iodine
concentration (UIC)
of 98 women at 6 months postpartum and checked their thyroid status both postpartum and 12 years later [23].
CONCLUSIONS:
Urinary DEHP
concentrations were associated with increased insulin resistance in this cross-sectional study
of adolescents.
The lack
of concentration in a hyperthyroid cat does not have the normal defense mechanisms in place to prevent these feline
urinary tract infections.
High urine ammonia
concentrations in the
urinary bladder can damage the glycosaminoglycans that help prevent the bacteria from adhering to the bladder mucosa (interior lining
of the bladder).
This is normally not a problem with regular urination and healthy
urinary tract cells, but it can become a problem with decreased urine volume, which leads to increased
concentration of urine.
«These minerals are present naturally in a cat's body,» he says, «and the stones form when the minerals exceed a certain threshold
of concentration in the
urinary system.
In addition to testing for these products, a urinalysis can detect
urinary tract infections and
urinary crystals and allows evaluation
of urine
concentration, which is an important indicator
of conditions such as kidney disease, diabetes and Cushing's disease.
This high urine glucose
concentration can actually pull excessive amounts
of water into the urine, resulting in increased urine volume, increased
urinary water loss, a propensity for dehydration, and a compensatory increase in thirst.
After 1 month on the treatment diet, intakes
of moisture, sodium and fat were increased, and potassium and calcium intakes were decreased, and
urinary calcium and oxalate
concentrations and calcium oxalate RSS were decreased (Stevenson et al. 2004).
ACT - activated clotting time (bleeding disorders) ACTH - adrenocorticotropic hormone (adrenal gland function) Ag - antigen test for proteins specific to a disease causing organism or virus Alb - albumin (liver, kidney and intestinal disorders) Alk - Phos, ALP alkaline phosphatase (liver and adrenal disorders) Allergy Testing intradermal or blood antibody test for allergen hypersensitivity ALT - alanine aminotransferase (liver disorder) Amyl - amylase enzyme — non specific (pancreatitis) ANA - antinuclear antibody (systemic lupus erythematosus) Anaplasmosis Anaplasma spp. (tick - borne rickettsial disease) APTT - activated partial thromboplastin time (blood clotting ability) AST - aspartate aminotransferase (muscle and liver disorders) Band band cell — type
of white blood cell Baso basophil — type
of white blood cell Bile Acids digestive acids produced in the liver and stored in the gall bladder (liver function) Bili bilirubin (bile pigment responsible for jaundice from liver disease or RBC destruction) BP - blood pressure measurement BUN - blood urea nitrogen (kidney and liver function) Bx biopsy C & S aerobic / anaerobic bacterial culture and antibiotic sensitivity test (infection, drug selection) Ca +2 calcium ion — unbound calcium (parathyroid gland function) CBC - complete blood count (all circulating cells) Chol cholesterol (liver, thyroid disorders) CK, CPK creatine [phospho] kinase (muscle disease, heart disease) Cl - chloride ion — unbound chloride (hydration, blood pH) CO2 - carbon dioxide (blood pH) Contrast Radiograph x-ray image using injected radiopaque contrast media Cortisol hormone produced by the adrenal glands (adrenal gland function) Coomb's anti- red blood cell antibody test (immune - mediated hemolytic anemia) Crea creatinine (kidney function) CRT - capillary refill time (blood pressure, tissue perfusion) DTM - dermatophyte test medium (ringworm — dermatophytosis) EEG - electroencephalogram (brain function, epilepsy) Ehrlichia Ehrlichia spp. (tick - borne rickettsial disease) EKG, ECG - electrok [c] ardiogram (electrical heart activity, heart arryhthmia) Eos eosinophil — type
of white blood cell Fecal, flotation, direct intestinal parasite exam FeLV Feline Leukemia Virus test FIA Feline Infectious Anemia: aka Feline Hemotrophic Mycoplasma, Haemobartonella felis test FIV Feline Immunodeficiency Virus test Fluorescein Stain fluorescein stain uptake
of cornea (corneal ulceration) fT4, fT4ed, freeT4ed thyroxine hormone unbound by protein measured by equilibrium dialysis (thyroid function) GGT gamma - glutamyltranferase (liver disorders) Glob globulin (liver, immune system) Glu blood or urine glucose (diabetes mellitus) Gran granulocytes — subgroup
of white blood cells Hb, Hgb hemoglobin — iron rich protein bound to red blood cells that carries oxygen (anemia, red cell mass) HCO3 - bicarbonate ion (blood pH) HCT, PCV, MHCT hematocrit, packed - cell volume, microhematocrit (hemoconcentration, dehydration, anemia) K + potassium ion — unbound potassium (kidney disorders, adrenal gland disorders) Lipa lipase enzyme — non specific (pancreatitis) LYME Borrelia spp. (tick - borne rickettsial disease) Lymph lymphocyte — type
of white blood cell MCHC mean corpuscular hemoglobin
concentration (anemia, iron deficiency) MCV mean corpuscular volume — average red cell size (anemia, iron deficiency) Mg +2 magnesium ion — unbound magnesium (diabetes, parathyroid function, malnutrition) MHCT, HCT, PCV microhematocrit, hematocrit, packed - cell volume (hemoconcentration, dehydration, anemia) MIC minimum inhibitory
concentration — part
of the C&S that determines antimicrobial selection Mono monocyte — type
of white blood cell MRI magnetic resonance imaging (advanced tissue imaging) Na + sodium ion — unbound sodium (dehydration, adrenal gland disease) nRBC nucleated red blood cell — immature red blood cell (bone marrow damage, lead toxicity) PCV, HCT, MHCT packed - cell volume, hematocrit, microhematocrit (hemoconcentration, dehydration, anemia) PE physical examination pH urine pH (
urinary tract infection, urolithiasis) Phos phosphorus (kidney disorders, ketoacidosis, parathyroid function) PLI pancreatic lipase immunoreactivity (pancreatitis) PLT platelet — cells involved in clotting (bleeding disorders) PT prothrombin time (bleeding disorders) PTH parathyroid hormone, parathormone (parathyroid function) Radiograph x-ray image RBC red blood cell count (anemia) REL Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever / Ehrlichia / Lyme combination test Retic reticulocyte — immature red blood cell (regenerative vs. non-regenerative anemia) RMSF Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever SAP serum alkaline phosphatase (liver disorders) Schirmer Tear Test tear production test (keratoconjunctivitis sicca — dry eye,) Seg segmented neutrophil — type
of white blood cell USG Urine specific gravity (urine
concentration, kidney function) spec cPL specific canine pancreatic lipase (pancreatitis)-- replaces the PLI test spec fPL specific feline pancreatic lipase (pancreatitis)-- replaces the PLI test T4 thyroxine hormone — total (thyroid gland function) TLI trypsin - like immunoreactivity (exocrine pancreatic insufficiency) TP total protein (hydration, liver disorders) TPR temperature / pulse / respirations (physical exam vital signs) Trig triglycerides (fat metabolism, liver disorders) TSH thyroid stimulating hormone (thyroid gland function) UA urinalysis (kidney function,
urinary tract infection, diabetes) Urine Cortisol - Crea Ratio urine cortisol - creatine ratio (screening test for adrenal gland disease) Urine Protein - Crea Ratio urine protein - creatinine ratio (kidney disorders) VWF VonWillebrands factor (bleeding disorder) WBC white blood cell count (infection, inflammation, bone marrow suppression)
The cascade
of events leading to calcium oxalate stone formation is largely unknown, but there is some indication that normal increases in
urinary calcium
concentration after feeding could be involved in stone formation.
Dry diets also predispose cats to lower
urinary tract disease (FLUTD, LUTD, FUS, crystals, stones, cystitis) because they force such a high degree
of urine
concentration.
:: Harvard School
of Public Health:: Use
of Polycarbonate Bottles and
Urinary Bisphenol A
Concentrations (full text) More on BPA: Don't Buy A Nalgene Water Bottle Until You Read This Are Sigg Aluminum Bottles BPA Free?
Objectives: To examine patterns
of nicotine dependence, the value
of the Fagerström Test for Nicotine Dependence (FTND) and its correlation with self - reported tobacco use and
urinary cotinine
concentrations among pregnant Indigenous women in Townsville.
In conjunction with a randomised trial
of an intervention to reduce smoking in pregnant Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander women (the Tilly's Tracks project), the staff
of the Townsville Aboriginal and Islander Health Service (TAIHS) Mums and Babies program examined patterns
of nicotine dependence, the value
of the FTND, and its correlation with self - reported tobacco use and
urinary cotinine
concentrations among pregnant women attending TAIHS for antenatal care.