Sentences with phrase «using human brain cells»

SAN FRANCISCO, CA — April 9, 2018 — Using human brain cells, scientists at the Gladstone Institutes discovered the cause of — and a potential solution for — the primary genetic risk factor for Alzheimer's disease, a gene called apoE4.

Not exact matches

This technique has been used, as Arnold reports, to trace the progress of cancers, advance our understanding of obesity and diabetes, and prove that brain cells continue to form through a human being's lifetime.

Using a mathematical model known as the Ising model, invented to describe phase transitions in statistical physics, such as how a substance changes from liquid to gas, the Johns Hopkins researchers calculated the probability distribution of methylation along the genome in several different human cell types, including normal and cancerous colon, lung and liver cells, as well as brain, skin, blood and embryonic stem cells.

In a human brain, 85 billion nerve cells communicate via trillions of connections using complex patterns of electrical jolts and more than 100 different chemicals.

Using human fetal «mini-brains» grown in 3 - D cultures, scientists determined that a specific protein produced by the Zika virus changes the properties of neural stem cells in the developing brain of an infected fetus, potentially causing microcephaly in newborns (Ki - Jun Yoon, abstract 103.06, see attached summary).

Researchers in optogenetics can control genetically modified brain cells using light but because of these modifications, the technique is not yet deemed safe to use in humans.

A technique that involves genetically engineering brain cells so that they fire in the presence of certain drugs has been used to treat epilepsy in rats, and it could soon be tested in humans.

While mouse models have traditionally been used in studying the genetic disorder, Deng said the animal model is inadequate because the human brain is more complicated, and much of that complexity arises from astroglia cells, the star - shaped cells that play an important role in the physical structure of the brain as well as in the transmission of nerve impulses.

Scientists can't yet grow spare parts of the human brain to fix neurological injuries or defects, but they have recently used stem cells to create brain organoids, formations of cells that mimic some of the brain's regions.

Within a decade, we should be able to use these technologies to read and alter the state of neurons for an enormous fraction of the cells in human brains.

The team used human embryonic stem cells — which can transform into any cell of the body — and cultured them in a mixture of chemicals to grow human brain cells.

For his part, Collins, who has led NIH since 2009 and been kept on by the Trump administration, pointed to an array of promising NIH activities, including the development of new technologies to provide insights into human brain circuitry and function through the Brain Research through Advancing Innovative Neuroethologies (BRAIN initiative) and the use of the gene - editing tool CRISPR - Cas9 to correct mutations and clear the way to develop and test a «curative therapy» for the first molecular disease: sickle cell disbrain circuitry and function through the Brain Research through Advancing Innovative Neuroethologies (BRAIN initiative) and the use of the gene - editing tool CRISPR - Cas9 to correct mutations and clear the way to develop and test a «curative therapy» for the first molecular disease: sickle cell disbrain circuitry and function through the Brain Research through Advancing Innovative Neuroethologies (BRAIN initiative) and the use of the gene - editing tool CRISPR - Cas9 to correct mutations and clear the way to develop and test a «curative therapy» for the first molecular disease: sickle cell disBrain Research through Advancing Innovative Neuroethologies (BRAIN initiative) and the use of the gene - editing tool CRISPR - Cas9 to correct mutations and clear the way to develop and test a «curative therapy» for the first molecular disease: sickle cell disBrain Research through Advancing Innovative Neuroethologies (BRAIN initiative) and the use of the gene - editing tool CRISPR - Cas9 to correct mutations and clear the way to develop and test a «curative therapy» for the first molecular disease: sickle cell disBRAIN initiative) and the use of the gene - editing tool CRISPR - Cas9 to correct mutations and clear the way to develop and test a «curative therapy» for the first molecular disease: sickle cell disBRAIN initiative) and the use of the gene - editing tool CRISPR - Cas9 to correct mutations and clear the way to develop and test a «curative therapy» for the first molecular disease: sickle cell disease.

Using an in vitro human blood brain barrier model, the researchers demonstrated that radiolabeled mAb2556 could cross the blood brain barrier and kill HIV - infected cells without any overt damage to the barrier itself.

• Fred Gage and his colleagues at the Salk Institute in La Jolla, California, harvested brain cells from human cadavers and used them to form neural progenitor cells, precursors to adult human brain cells.

«The novelty of this study is two-fold: We used a preclinical prevention paradigm of a CRF - antagonist (a drug that blocks the CRF receptor in brain cells) called R121919 in a well - established AD model — and we did so in a way that draws upon our experience in human trials.

Even better than the real thing, the NIST synapse can fire much faster than the human brain — 1 billion times per second, compared to a brain cell's 50 times per second — using just a whiff of energy, about one ten - thousandth as much as a human synapse.

To replicate these cell culture results, Rani used human stem cells to grow neurons into what is called a mini brain.

In researches using the more complex animals, it is known that certain nerve cells in the brain integrate information and make a decision when reaching a certain level, which likely occurs also in humans.

The scientists used the new indexing method on several human cell lines and from a mouse brain to reveal the methylome of 3,282 single cells.

A technique that involves genetically engineering brain cells so that they fire in the presence of certain drugs has been used to treat an epilepsy - like condition in rats, and it could soon be trialled in humans.

Linking the amount of carbon - 14 found in organic material with the bomb curve has been used to date human tooth enamel and even regenerating brain cells.

Investigations into human brain development using human cells in the culture dish have so far been very limited: the cells in the dish grow flat, so they do not display any three - dimensional structure.

I mean, it is as I think everybody in this audience knows the old dogma used to be that adult humans, like all adult mammals, we didn't generate new brain cells.

Using a 3D, stem cell - based model of a first - trimester human brain, the team discovered that Zika activates TLR3, a molecule human cells normally use to defend against invading viruses.

THE gene - editing technique CRISPR has been used in the lab to switch on a gene in human brain cells whose dormancy is behind a learning disability.

In tests using human neural progenitor cells (NPCs)-- self - renewing, multipotent cells that generate neurons and other brain cell types — the scientists found that exposure to sofosbuvir not only rescued dying NPCs infected with the Zika virus, but restored gene expression linked to their antiviral response.

Past clinical trials of stem cell therapies for chronic stroke patients used cells derived from tumors in humans and brain tissue from fetal pigs.

That's because most studies on single human brain cells use dead rather than living tissue, and many others rely on cells from common laboratory animals, especially mice.

«The key breakthrough came from using a fruit fly model of human ALS and FTD that allowed us to screen these 400 candidates for ones that block brain cell death in a living organism,» says Lloyd.

They used the forebrain, the first mini-brain with the six layers of brain cell types found in the human cortex, for the current study on Zika.

Dr. Sonntag studies this concept on the molecular and cellular level using a translational research approach that integrates the analysis of human material, such as postmortem brains, primary cell systems, and neural cell populations generated from patients» - or healthy individuals» - derived induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSC), or induced neurons (iNs), in combination with molecular, biochemistry, and lentivirus - mediated gene - engineering technologies.

UC San Francisco researchers have identified cells» unique features within the developing human brain, using the latest technologies for analyzing gene activity in individual cells, and have demonstrated that large - scale cell surveys can be done much more efficiently and cheaply than was previously thought possible.

Gladstone scientist Dr. Sheng Ding has exposed more chameleon - like qualities of the human skin cell, using chemical cocktails to turn skin cells into fully functional brain, heart, liver, and insulin - producing pancreas cells.

«We expect to use this approach to help us better understand how the complexity of the human cortex arises from cells that are spun off through cell division from stem cells in the germinal region of the brain.»

The advantages of this approach began to emerge in 2011, when Dr. Ding announced that he had used his «chemical reprogramming» method to convert human skin cells into brain cells.

Strengthening the link between Zika virus and microcephaly, scientists at UC San Francisco have discovered that a protein the virus uses to infect skin cells and cause a rash is present also in stem cells of the developing human brain and retina.

Gage's team used human pluripotent stem cells to develop brain organoids, which were grown in culture for 40 to 50 days.

The team used genetically engineered mice to study the effects of different human apoE variants on the maturation of neural stem cells or progenitor cells, from which new neurons develop in the adult brain.

The Human Connectome Project, which is an international effort to map the connectomes of 1,000 people on a macro scale — mostly just the white matter, or active myelinated (insulated) nerve cell bundles — using magnetic resonance imaging, this week announced its finding that brain wiring patterns correlate with behavioral and demographic traits.

Their work will use heart cells from animals, and brain and heart cells made from human «adult» stem cells.

We are using a new technique, called single cell RNA sequencing, to isolate thousands of single neurons from human brain tissue, study all the genes that are expressed in each individual cell, and make cell - to - cell comparisons between normal, early stage and late stage AD.

The mini brains are derived from human stem cells thus, may be used instead of animal models to test new drugs, revolutionizing the way lab experiments work.

«We kept them healthy, and without giving them many instructions on what kind of cells they should become they produced many of the cells present in the human brain and achieved the formation of complex tissue,» says Arlotta, describing the brain organoids she used in research published in Nature in May 2017.

Extensive use is made of our human brain bank and our stock of human cell lines.

Human skin cells have also been directly converted into neurons that can be used to study and find treatments for diseases in the brain, as well as liver cells and insulin - producing cells of the pancreas.

And on Feb. 24, Reuters reported that California scientists had used human stem cells to create human neurons in mouse brains.

Now, Salk Institute scientists studying roundworms suggest that, in both worms and humans, adolescent brains mature to stable adult brains by changing which brain cells they use to generate behavior.

Now, scientists at the Salk Institute have studied a 3D «mini-brain» grown from human stem cells and found it to be structurally and functionally more similar to real brains than the 2D models in widespread use.

Supported by a CIRM translational grant, scientists in Huang's laboratory are using human stem cells to create inhibitory neuron progenitors — early - stage brain cells that can develop into mature inhibitory neurons.

Using a mouse model for this disease, which in humans involves the destruction of white matter in the brain, a research team led by Albee Messing, director of the UW — Madison Waisman Center, found that a protein behind the symptoms of the disease, called GFAP, is broken down more rapidly in the body than researchers previously found in cell culture studies.