Though he provides a vivid
account of Pascal and Jansenism to illustrate the divisions within seventeenth century French Catholicism and emphasizes the
violent opposition
encountered by Catholic reformers like Charles Borromeo and John of the Cross, Eire's treatment of the divisions within Catholic reform in general is less vividly realized than his treatment of the corresponding tensions with Protestantism, though Catholic reform could be every bit as fiercely contested and divided.