Sentences with phrase «warmer ocean surfaces cause»

Not exact matches

Schimdt has found evidence that warm ocean currents and convective forces beneath Europa's frozen shell can cause large blocks of ice to overturn and melt, bringing vast pockets of water, sometimes holding as much liquid as all of the Great Lakes combined, to within several kilometers of the moon's icy surface.

Over the course of coming decades, though, trade wind speed is expected to decrease from global warming, Thunell says, and the result will be less phytoplankton production at the surface and less oxygen utilization at depth, causing a concomitant increase in the ocean's oxygen content.

Roth asks, «Do the vents extend down to a subsurface ocean or are the ejecta simply from warmed ice caused by friction stresses near the surface?»

The effects of wind changes, which were found to potentially increase temperatures in the Southern Ocean between 660 feet and 2,300 feet below the surface by 2 °C, or nearly 3.6 °F, are over and above the ocean warming that's being caused by the heat - trapping effects of greenhouse gOcean between 660 feet and 2,300 feet below the surface by 2 °C, or nearly 3.6 °F, are over and above the ocean warming that's being caused by the heat - trapping effects of greenhouse gocean warming that's being caused by the heat - trapping effects of greenhouse gases.

«The reason for the layering is that global warming in parts of Antarctica is causing land - based ice to melt, adding massive amounts of freshwater to the ocean surface,» said ARC Centre of Excellence for Climate System Science researcher Prof Matthew England an author of the paper.

These oceans were formed by tidal heating, that is, warming of the ice caused by friction between the surface ice and the core as a result of the gravitational interaction between the planet and the moon.

You implied that there was nothing in the paleo record showing a rapid release of methane but there was a paper in October suggesting a very rapid release which caused warming of 5C in 13 years (and rendered the ocean surface acidic).

It isn't an isolated conclusion from a single study, but comes from an assessment of the changing patterns of surface and tropospheric warming, stratospheric cooling, ocean heat content changes, land - ocean contrasts, etc. that collectively demonstrate that there are detectable changes occurring which we can attempt to attribute to one or more physical causes.

A fluctuation in the location of slightly warmer surface water could hardly cause the global increase in ocean heat content.

Temperature tends to respond so that, depending on optical properties, LW emission will tend to reduce the vertical differential heating by cooling warmer parts more than cooler parts (for the surface and atmosphere); also (not significant within the atmosphere and ocean in general, but significant at the interface betwen the surface and the air, and also significant (in part due to the small heat fluxes involved, viscosity in the crust and somewhat in the mantle (where there are thick boundary layers with superadiabatic lapse rates) and thermal conductivity of the core) in parts of the Earth's interior) temperature changes will cause conduction / diffusion of heat that partly balances the differential heating.

Gavin, I agree completely with the standard picture that you describe, but I don't agree with the claim that ``... as surface temperatures and the ocean heat content are rising together, it almost certainly rules out intrinsic variability of the climate system as a major cause for the recent warming».

«Firstly, as surface temperatures and the ocean heat content are rising together, it almost certainly rules out intrinsic variability of the climate system as a major cause for the recent warming»

Redistribution of heat (such as vertical transport between the surface and the deeper ocean) could cause some surface and atmospheric temperature change that causes some global average warming or cooling.

He presents a mechanism showing how from time to time they cause warm water to rise to the ocean surface — and stay there.

However, it is consistent with our current understanding of the climate: ocean heat is exchanged with the atmosphere, which causes surface warming, which alters atmospheric circulation, which alters cloud cover, which impacts surface temperature.

Because of the heating of the ocean depths by the sunlight, which penetrates a number of meters, the depths are warmer than the surface skin, because radiation, evaporation and conduction cause the surface skin to lose heat.

So even if increased infrared radiation caused by man does try to warm the surface of the oceans those processes will increase immediately and neutralise at least the majority of any extra warming from additional down welling anthropogenic infrared radiation.

Its hard to see how the oceans can be warming dramatically due to anthropogenic causes if the sea surface temperature (controlled for ENSO, ENSO afteraffects etc) is actually relatively stable.

Such a change will accelerate the flow of heat energy from the ocean surface to the atmosphere and offset any warming of the «skin» from any extra CO2 caused by humans.

Yes, I «believe» higher levels of CO2 cause some amount of warming and obviously also warming of the sea surface and thus lower layers of the oceans.

Years - long ocean trends such as El Niño and La Niña cause alternate warming and cooling of the sea surface there, with effects on monsoons and temperatures around the world.

They describe abnormally warm or cool sea surface temperatures in the South Pacific that are caused by changing ocean currents.

-- Andreas Schmittner Could the Earth's observed surface warming of the last 50 years have been caused by ocean circulation?

The atmosphere warms first in the standard model and this is the cause of warming at the Earth's surface and in the oceans.

According to Trenberth the deep ocean is warming due to the action of increasing global winds causing surface heat to move to the deep ocean.

The paper discusses that melting ice will decrease the salinity of the ocean waters around Antarctica, which will cause decreased mixing with the relatively warmer deep ocean waters, reducing sea surface temperatures, causing more sea ice to form.

This empirical finding contradicts Spencer's hypothesis that cloud cover changes are driving global warming, but is consistent with our current understanding of the climate: ocean heat is exchanged with the atmosphere, which causes surface warming, which alters atmospheric circulation, which alters cloud cover, which impacts surface temperature.

How hurricanes develop also depends on how the local atmosphere responds to changes in local sea surface temperatures, and this atmospheric response depends critically on the cause of the change.23, 24 For example, the atmosphere responds differently when local sea surface temperatures increase due to a local decrease of particulate pollution that allows more sunlight through to warm the ocean, versus when sea surface temperatures increase more uniformly around the world due to increased amounts of human - caused heat - trapping gases.25, 26,27,28

Furthermore, researchers show the loss of sea ice reconnects the oceans with the winds causing a stirring effect that brings warmer water to the surface.

Since you are a frequent visitor to WUWT, you are well aware that I have illustrated, explained, and animated cause (ENSO) and effect (the warming of sea surface temperatures, ocean heat content, lower troposphere temperatures, and land + sea surface temperatures) in dozens of blog posts over the past 3 1/2 years.

The slowed surface warming is due in large part to changes in ocean cycles, particularly in the Pacific Ocean, causing more efficient ocean heat uptake, thus leaving less heat to warm surface temperatocean cycles, particularly in the Pacific Ocean, causing more efficient ocean heat uptake, thus leaving less heat to warm surface temperatOcean, causing more efficient ocean heat uptake, thus leaving less heat to warm surface temperatocean heat uptake, thus leaving less heat to warm surface temperatures.

What I am not clear on is what has changed in the last few years to cause more heat to be captured by the oceans and less in the atmosphere with the resultant slower rate of surface or atmospheric warming.

A new study on ice loss in Antarctica by the British Antarctic Survey confirms what we already know about the effects of global warming but it differentiates between the effects of ocean currents, their cause and the air temperature effects at the ice surface.

The Pentagon report describes a scenario in which human - caused global warming leads to a near - term collapse of the ocean's thermohaline circulation, which brings warm surface waters from the tropics to the North Atlantic, warming parts of Western Europe.

Rising surface temperatures in the last three decades of the 20th century were roughly half caused by man - made global warming and half by the ocean currents keeping more heat near the surface, it finds.

And once again we're using the model mean because it represents the forced component of the climate models; that is, if the forcings used by the climate models were what caused the surfaces of the oceans to warm, the model mean best represents how the ocean surfaces would warm in response to those forcings.

AGW proponents accept that the virtual cessation of warming over the past 13 years (Figure 3) is a result of cooler ocean surfaces but refuse to accept the corollary that the primary cause of the warmer period was warmer ocean surfaces.

When the Walker circulation weakens or reverses, an El Niño results, causing the ocean surface to be warmer than average, as upwelling of cold water occurs less or not at all.

Note 1: A simple hotspot explanation summarized from this article: Increasing CO2 levels causes atmosphere to warm; then atmosphere causes Earth's surface to warm; warming of oceans cause evaporation; increased evaporation leads to more water vapor in the upper troposphere; water vapor is a powerful greenhouse gas that warms the atmosphere even more (positive water vapor feedback); the Earth's surface warms even more; and then auto «repeat and rinse» until Earth's oceans boil, per an «expert.»

«Causes of differences in model and satellite tropospheric warming rates» «Comparing tropospheric warming in climate models and satellite data» «Robust comparison of climate models with observations using blended land air and ocean sea surface temperatures» «Coverage bias in the HadCRUT4 temperature series and its impact on recent temperature trends» «Reconciling warming trends» «Natural variability, radiative forcing and climate response in the recent hiatus reconciled» «Reconciling controversies about the «global warming hiatus»»

-- the seasonal change of 5 ppmv / °C is caused by fast processes: leaves growth an decay and ocean surface warming and cooling.

This factor more than increased sunlight will cause oceans to get warmer at surface.

How hurricanes develop also depends on how the local atmosphere responds to changes in local sea surface temperatures, and this atmospheric response depends critically on the cause of the change.23, 24 For example, the atmosphere responds differently when local sea surface temperatures increase due to a local decrease of particulate pollution that allows more sunlight through to warm the ocean, versus when sea surface temperatures increase more uniformly around the world due to increased amounts of human - caused heat - trapping gases.18, 25,26,27 So the link between hurricanes and ocean temperatures is complex.

Global warming leads to rising temperatures of the oceans and the earth» surface causing melting of polar ice caps, rise in sea levels and also unnatural patterns of precipitation such as flash floods, excessive snow or desertification.

If all heat in the air supposedly caused by global warming were to enter the surface of the oceans to a depth of 100 meters, the temperature increase would be 0.025 degrees C, and none would be left in the air.

On top of these many lines of evidence which mostly focused on global warming at the surface, Gleckler et al. (2012) also confirmed that the warming of the oceans has been caused by humans.

The widespread change detected in temperature observations of the surface, free atmosphere and ocean, together with consistent evidence of change in other parts of the climate system, strengthens the conclusion that greenhouse gas forcing is the dominant cause of warming during the past several decades.

For example, reductions in seasonal sea ice cover and higher surface temperatures may open up new habitat in polar regions for some important fish species, such as cod, herring, and pollock.128 However, continued presence of cold bottom - water temperatures on the Alaskan continental shelf could limit northward migration into the northern Bering Sea and Chukchi Sea off northwestern Alaska.129, 130 In addition, warming may cause reductions in the abundance of some species, such as pollock, in their current ranges in the Bering Sea131and reduce the health of juvenile sockeye salmon, potentially resulting in decreased overwinter survival.132 If ocean warming continues, it is unlikely that current fishing pressure on pollock can be sustained.133 Higher temperatures are also likely to increase the frequency of early Chinook salmon migrations, making management of the fishery by multiple user groups more challenging.134

Prior to the advent of human - caused global warming in the 19th century, the surface layer of Earth's oceans had undergone 1,800 years of a steady cooling trend, according to a new study in the Aug..

Kevin C's excellent trend tool shows us what the new data mean for the surface temperature trend since 1970: it's about +0.17 C per decade, but there's a range in that because short term wiggles are caused by things like the El Nino - La Nina cycle in the Pacific which warm or cool the atmosphere by storing or releasing heat from the oceans.