Warmer surface temperatures also tend to occur during particularly active parts of the solar cycle, known as solar maximums, while slightly cooler temperatures occur during lulls in activity, called minimums.
Not exact matches
And a third found that climate - induced sea -
surface temperature anomalies over the northeast Pacific were driving storms (and moisture) away from California, but the
warming also caused increased humidity — two competing factors that may produce no net effect.
The visualization shows how the 1997 event started from colder - than - average sea
surface temperatures — but the 2015 event started with
warmer - than - average
temperatures not only in the Pacific but
also in in the Atlantic and Indian Oceans.
The study
also showed that 4,000 years later — so, 125,000 years ago — sea
surface temperatures had
warmed up to nearly match today's readings.
Hot
surfaces warm the air around them, so by cooling the
surface, the vegetation
also affects air
temperatures.
With higher levels of carbon dioxide and higher average
temperatures, the oceans»
surface waters
warm and sea ice disappears, and the marine world will see increased stratification, intense nutrient trapping in the deep Southern Ocean (
also known as the Antarctic Ocean) and nutrition starvation in the other oceans.
Sea
surface temperatures were
warmer this past summer
also; I forget how many standard deviations the
temperature was off the trend, but it was definitely anomalous.
There's
also a tendency for some people just to concentrate on atmospheric or
surface air
temperatures when there are other, more useful, indicators that can give us a better idea how rapidly the world is
warming.
The oceans are heating up: Not only was Earth's
temperature record
warm in 2014, but so were the global oceans, as sea
surface temperatures and the heat of the upper oceans
also hit record highs.
This conclusion has subsequently been supported by an array of evidence that includes the additional large - scale
surface temperature reconstructions and documentation of the spatial coherence of recent
warming described above (Cook et al. 2004, Moberg et al. 2005b, Rutherford et al. 2005, D'Arrigo et al. 2006, Osborn and Briffa 2006, Wahl and Ammann in press) and
also the pronounced changes in a variety of local proxy indicators described in previous chapters (e.g., Thompson et al. in press).
On the whole, the Earth's land
surface has «greened» in response to rising CO2 emissions and
warmer temperatures, but these new results suggest there could
also be a negative impact of climate change on vegetation growth in North America.
It is
also crucial in controlling your
temperature, having the role of an insulator against loss of body heat and the flow of
warm or cool blood from and to the skin
surface which can be drastically hotter or colder in comparison to your internal body
temperature.
The point about heating (adding energy) vs
warming (
temperatures going up) is a very good one — it might help if the scientists involved with the major
temperature series people look at (GISS, RSS, etc)
also produced a global
surface energy change index that accounted for things like melting ice, which absorb heat without raising
temperatures.
However, the
warming trends are still lower than the
surface temperature trends, and
also quite surprisingly, the trends in the tropical troposphere are less
warming than the trends in the extratropical troposphere.
Remember
also that the US is only about 2 % of the globe and the global
surface record corresponds closely with satellite measurements of the lower troposhere, and
also the sea
surface temperatures show a strikingly similar pattern of
warming.
Temperature tends to respond so that, depending on optical properties, LW emission will tend to reduce the vertical differential heating by cooling warmer parts more than cooler parts (for the surface and atmosphere); also (not significant within the atmosphere and ocean in general, but significant at the interface betwen the surface and the air, and also significant (in part due to the small heat fluxes involved, viscosity in the crust and somewhat in the mantle (where there are thick boundary layers with superadiabatic lapse rates) and thermal conductivity of the core) in parts of the Earth's interior) temperature changes will cause conduction / diffusion of heat that partly balances the differenti
Temperature tends to respond so that, depending on optical properties, LW emission will tend to reduce the vertical differential heating by cooling
warmer parts more than cooler parts (for the
surface and atmosphere);
also (not significant within the atmosphere and ocean in general, but significant at the interface betwen the
surface and the air, and
also significant (in part due to the small heat fluxes involved, viscosity in the crust and somewhat in the mantle (where there are thick boundary layers with superadiabatic lapse rates) and thermal conductivity of the core) in parts of the Earth's interior)
temperature changes will cause conduction / diffusion of heat that partly balances the differenti
temperature changes will cause conduction / diffusion of heat that partly balances the differential heating.
Other validating data for the corrected
surface temperature record comes from the oceans, which have
also been
warming in recent decades.
Long term changes in the way sea
surface temperatures are measured
also tend to introduce
warming.
Note
also that the global
warming trend has not been terribly strong over the last decade, so inferring a negative feedback to
surface temperature change is a bit odd to me, particularly when the feedback would have to be very sensitive.
It
also concludes that current northern hemisphere
surface air
temperatures are significantly higher than during the peak of the Medieval
Warm Period (MWP).
I
also think that if one wishes to prove that carbon dioxide in the atmosphere is the cause of global
warming then the focus of
temperature measurement should be upon those few feet between the Earth's
surface and the measuring instruments employed on land for measuring that
temperature.
What takes place at lower altitudes affects the relative
temperatures in the atmosphere and on the
surface, but as a whole the increased
temperatures at a fixed height of the upper troposphere lead
also to a
warmer lower troposphere and
surface.
East Coast winter storms, known as «nor» easters» because of the unusual northeasterly direction of the winds as the storm spirals in from the south, are unusual in that they derive their energy not just from large contrasts in
temperature that drive most extratropical storm systems, but
also from the energy released when water evaporates from the (relatively
warm) ocean
surface into the atmosphere.
World Meteorological Organization
also confirmed 2017 as being among the three
warmest years, and the
warmest year without an El Niño, by consolidating the five leading international datasets, including HadCRUT4, which showed that overall the global average
surface temperature in 2017 was approximately 1.1 ° Celsius above the pre-industrial era.
That
warming on descent
also reduces the rate of
temperature decline with height which suppresses convection from the
surface so that the
surface on the day side then
warms more than it otherwise would have done and the
surface on the night side cools less quickly than it otherwise would have done..
The spatial mean and dispersion of
surface temperatures over the last 1200 years:
warm intervals are
also variable intervals by Martin P. Tingley and Peter Huybers, both of Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, Harvard.
And the lower troposphere
temperatures also show
warming in the Southern Ocean (latitudes 65S - 55S) while the
surface temperature - based datasets both show cooling.
I
also suspect that a good portion of the additional
warming shown in the hybrid version of the Cowtan and Way (2013) data (versus their Krig data) comes from the Southern Ocean surrounding Antarctica, where sea
surface temperatures are cooling and lower troposphere
temperatures are
warming.
Previous research has
also shown that
warmer ocean
surface temperatures fuel more powerful storms.
European researchers, under the Copernicus Climate Service, using a slightly different method of analysing the
surface temperature data than Nasa,
also found that February 2016 was by far the
warmest month on record.
There's
also a tendency for some people just to concentrate on atmospheric or
surface air
temperatures when there are other, more useful, indicators that can give us a better idea how rapidly the world is
warming.
It can be seen from basic greenhouse theory that greenhouse
warming should amplify not only the global mean
surface temperature but
also any variations in the global mean
surface temperature that are from non-greenhouse sources at the same rate.
«However, the detailed analysis of the numerical experiment reveals that the absence of substantial
surface warming in the Circumpolar Ocean is attributable not only to the large fraction of the area covered by the oceans but
also to the deep penetration of positive
temperature anomaly into the oceans.»
So if you say «snow cover in 49 states is due to more moisture in the air from global
warming» — then you have absolutely no idea WTF you are talking about.The air is not
warm, and Sea
Surface Temperatures are
also running well below normal.
Tamino at the Open Mind blog has
also compared the rates of
warming projected by the FAR, SAR, and TAR (estimated by linear regression) to the observed rate of
warming in each global
surface temperature dataset.
This can be affected by
warming temperatures, but
also by changes in snowfall, increases in solar radiation absorption due to a decrease in cloud cover, and increases in the water vapor content of air near the earth's
surface.2, 14,15,16,17 In Cordillera Blanca, Peru, for example, one study of glacier retreat between 1930 and 1950 linked the retreat to a decline in cloud cover and precipitation.18
I should
also have given a more complete list of the problems with your objections: in this case your «totally unsuitable» is contradicted by three papers: Arrhenius's 1896 paper proposing a logarithmic dependence of
surface temperature on CO2, Hansen et al's 1985 paper pointing out that the time needed to
warm the oceanic mixed layer would delay the impact of global
warming, and Hofmann et al's 2009 paper modeling the dependence of CO2 on time as a raised exponential.
The IPCC most certainly
also claims water vapour
warms, doing most of «33 degrees» of
warming, whereas, in fact, it cools the
surface by reducing the
temperature gradient whilst still keeping radiative balance with the Sun.
For example, Kosaka and Xie showed than when the El Niño - related changes in Pacific ocean
temperature are entered into a model, it not only reproduced the global
surface warming over the past 15 years but it
also accurately reproduced regional and seasonal changes in
surface temperatures.
However, it has been hypothesized that
warmer global sea
surface temperatures can enhance the El Niño phenomenon, and it is
also true that El Niños have been more frequent and intense in recent decades.
How hurricanes develop
also depends on how the local atmosphere responds to changes in local sea
surface temperatures, and this atmospheric response depends critically on the cause of the change.23, 24 For example, the atmosphere responds differently when local sea
surface temperatures increase due to a local decrease of particulate pollution that allows more sunlight through to
warm the ocean, versus when sea
surface temperatures increase more uniformly around the world due to increased amounts of human - caused heat - trapping gases.25, 26,27,28
It's the only one of the seven whose growth is linear, rising by 7 % for 1.0 C of
warming of the
surface air
temperature [SAT], and, in part for this reason, is
also the only one included in the calculation of the scenarios reported in AR5 by IPCC.
The process of evaporation
also requires energy from heat, and the
warmer the
temperatures are in the upper ocean and at the ocean
surface, the more energy is available.
They are
also wrong in assuming that the Sun was capable of
warming the
surface of Venus, Earth or other planets to the observed
temperature which is then maintained by back radiation being supposedly the only process that slows such
surface cooling.
This conclusion has subsequently been supported by an array of evidence that includes the additional large - scale
surface temperature reconstructions and documentation of the spatial coherence of recent
warming described above (Cook et al. 2004, Moberg et al. 2005b, Rutherford et al. 2005, D'Arrigo et al. 2006, Osborn and Briffa 2006, Wahl and Ammann in press) and
also the pronounced changes in a variety of local proxy indicators described in previous chapters (e.g., Thompson et al. in press).
Confirming what we already know about the effects of global
warming, it
also differentiates between the effects of currents, their cause and the air
temperature effects at the ice
surface.
«Especially the Bering Sea, sea
surface temperatures south of the ice is
also unusually
warm,» says Rick Thoman, climate science and services manager for the National Weather Service in Alaska.
Warm sea
surface temperature anomalies can
also warn natural resource managers where coral reefs may be in danger of bleaching.
I'm very convinced that the physical process of global
warming is continuing, which appears as a statistically significant increase of the global
surface and tropospheric
temperature anomaly over a time scale of about 20 years and longer and
also as trends in other climate variables (e.g., global ocean heat content increase, Arctic and Antarctic ice decrease, mountain glacier decrease on average and others), and I don't see any scientific evidence according to which this trend has been broken, recently.
At first glance that
temperature difference between Part L1A and passive house might not seem much, but when you consider that the latter
also ensures
warmer surfaces (achieved through better U-values in opaque elements as well as windows), greatly reduced thermal bridges and some 20 times better levels of airtightness, the comfort levels provided by the two approaches are, frankly, worlds apart.