Sentences with phrase «warming of surface waters»

Corals are affected by warming of surface waters (Chapter 6, Box 6.1; Reynaud et al., 2003; McNeil et al., 2004; McWilliams et al., 2005) leading to bleaching (loss of algal symbionts — Chapter 6, Box 6.1).

The oceans beneath delay the warming of the surface waters due to thermal inertia.

Or that the warming of the surface waters in the tropical Atlantic is suspected of giving us future hurricanes of greater intensity?

The fall, revealed by Nasa satellite measurements of the lower atmosphere, has been caused by the end of El Nino — the warming of surface waters in a vast area of the Pacific west of Central America.

At the same time, they point towards below normal ice extent in the Barents / Kara Sea, also compared to the record minimum in 2007, which they see coupled to oceanic processes and promoting further warming of surface waters in the region.

The particularly rapid sea ice loss from 1997 to 2007 was related to extreme ocean conditions that drove a sustained warming of the surface waters throughout the subpolar Atlantic and Nordic Seas.

There has been an overall warming of surface waters (in the Bellingshausen and Scotia seas) by ∼ 1 °C in the last 50 years, but so far there is no evidence of any biologically meaningful temperature change in waters below about 100 m deep.

Their causes range from completely unpredictable events like volcanic eruptions (which have mainly local effects) to more regular phenomena such as «El Niño» (a warming of the surface waters of the tropical Pacific that occurs every three to five years, temporarily affecting weather world - wide).

------------ PS: The Global Coral Reef Alliance has documented dramatic declines in coral reefs caused by global warming of surface waters, using satellite data of of global coral reefs and sea surface temperatures.

* The Global Coral Reef Alliance says global warming of surface waters is already killing large amounts of coral.

The rush to identify El Niño, characterized by the periodic warming of surface water temperatures off the northwestern coast of South America, as California's savior was based in part on the belief that a strong El Niño would bring as much rain as it did in the winters of 1997 - 1998 and 1982 - 1983.

Not exact matches

The planets orbit an «ultracool dwarf,» a star much smaller and cooler than the sun, but still possibly warm enough to allow for liquid water on the surfaces of at least two of the planets.

Active Dry Yeast 1/2 cup warm water 2 large beaten eggs 1/4 cup white granulated sugar 1 1/2 tsp salt 1 tsp nutmeg 4 2/3 cup all purpose flour + extra for dusting surface Canola Oil (3» of oil in your pan)

I took the dough out of the bowl and flattened it on a floured surface, kneading it lightly to get the air out, and repeated the rising process; placed the dough in the bowl, covered, filled sink with warm water, and placed the bowl in sink.

Dip a rice paper wrapper into warm water and immediately pull it out of the water, letting the excess moisture drip off before placing on a clean surface.

3) Pre-heat oven to 450 deg Fahrenheit (230 deg cel) 4) Meanwhile, prepare the pizza dough but combing the tapioca flour, salt, 1/3 cup coconut flour in a medium - sized bowl 5) Pour in oil and warm water and stir well (mixture will be slightly dry) 6) Add in the whisked egg and continue mixing until well combined (mixture will be quite liquid and sticky) 7) Add in 2 — 3 tablespoons of coconut flour (one tablespoon each time) until the mixture is a soft but somewhat sticky dough 8) Coat your hands with tapioca flour, then using your hands, turn the dough out onto a tapioca - flour sprinkled flat surface and gently knead it until it forms a ball that does not stick to your hands.

1) Mix flour, butter and icing sugar in a bowl using two knives to cut the butter until the mixture resembles fine breadcrumbs 2) Add in the egg yolks and vanilla extracts and mix well, then add iced water until the dough starts to come together 3) Shape the dough into a ball on a cool, flat, floured surface 4) Flatten dough into a disc and then wrap in plastic wrap, and chill in the refrigerator for at least 30 minutes 5) Meanwhile, peel, core and slice the apples into as thin slices as possible 6) Mix sugar and ground cinnamon powder with sliced apples and let it rest for a while 7) Pre-heat oven to 180 deg cel 8) Once dough has chilled, roll pastry dough on a sheet of parchment paper until it has expanded to the size of the tart mold (I used a rough mold the size of a large pizza) 9) Leaving at least an inch of dough free, arrange apple slices by overlapping them slightly in the shape of a circle, starting from the outermost part of the circle, until you reach the inside 10) Fold the edges of dough over the filling and then sprinkle the dough with a bit of sugar 11) Bake for about 40 - 45 minutes, or until the crust is golden brown and the apples are soft 12) Serve warm, with a side of whipped cream or ice cream (optional)

El Niño is an abnormal periodic warming of surface ocean water off the Pacific coast of South America.

To make each roll, simply wet a sheet of rice paper with warm water and lay it on a flat working surface, like a cutting board.

Solution: Since sugar is water soluble, gently rinse the potatoes in warm water to help remove the excess sugars from the surface of the potato.

This is accomplished with a powerful blast of warm air that quickly breaks up the layer of surface water on a userâ $ ™ s hands for quick removal and evaporation.

• clean and sterilise all feeding parts before each use • do not use abrasive cleaning agents or anti-bacterial cleaners with bottles and teats • wash your hands thoroughly and ensure surfaces are clean before handling sterilised components • for inspection of the teat, pull it in each direction • place the teat in boiling water for 5 minutes before first use to ensure hygiene • throw away bottle and teats at the first sight of damage, weakness or scratching • replace teats and spouts after 3 months use • do not warm milk in a microwave as this may cause uneven heating and could scald your baby • always check the milk temperature before feeding • make sure that the bottles are not over-tightened • do not allow your baby to play with small parts or run or walk while feeding

The only major potential drawback of baby wipe warmers is the simple fact that they are a piece of electrical equipment that heats up and is often in close contact to water and wet surfaces.

«When the weather fluctuates between warm and cold and in bodies of water where there are currents underneath the ice, it can weaken the surface of the ice and make it dangerously fragile even though it seems to be frozen solid,» said Joe Pecoraro, manager of the Park District's Beaches and Pools Unit, who narrated the demonstration.

The Atlantic Ocean surface circulation is an important part of the Earth's global climate, moving warm water from the tropics towards the poles.

In Martian summer, the combination of warm temperatures and a thin atmosphere make any liquid water on the surface boil, which can let dust hover across the ground

The drones can't come too soon for scientists who study the El Niño — Southern Oscillation, a set of shifting global temperature and rainfall patterns triggered by warm surface waters that slosh back and forth across the equatorial Pacific every few years.

MAVEN arrived at Mars in Sept. 2014 on a mission to investigate a planetary mystery: Billions of years ago, Mars was blanketed by layer of air massive enough to warm the planet and allow liquid water to flow on its surface.

«Previously this monster, Atlantic warm water, was well covered from the surface» by the CHL, says Igor Polyakov, a physical oceanographer at the University of Alaska in Fairbanks, who led the study.

Under certain conditions, the warm water of the lower layer can reach the surface and melt the ice.

The cycle of Pacific Ocean surface water warming and cooling has become more variable in recent decades, suggesting El Niño may strengthen under climate change

They identified wind patterns that mixed the warmer surface and colder deep waters to cool the ocean's surface and reduce the intensity of the storm.

And around Antarctica, where even the surface ocean water is already quite cold and dense, some of that water in the ocean depths, which is also carbon rich, eventually warmed enough so that it became less dense than the water above it.

Unusually warm surface water in the Gulf of Mexico — about 2 degrees Fahrenheit warmer than normal — may be a factor, he said.

Higher sea surface temperatures led to a huge patch of warm water, dubbed «The Blob,» that appeared in the northern Pacific Ocean more than two years ago.

Microbial consumption of oil, however, works best near the warm surface waters.

Muscles must stay warm to remain efficient, but that's a challenge for these beasts because they often swim in near - freezing waters, either in cold regions of the world or deep below the sun - warmed surface.

SEAS researchers suggest that early Mars may have been warmed intermittently by a powerful greenhouse effect, possibly explaining water on the planet's surface billions of years ago.

«The warming surface waters cause large parts of the lake's floor to lose oxygen, killing off bottom - dwelling animals such as freshwater snails,» Cohen said.

Driven by stronger winds resulting from climate change, ocean waters in the Southern Ocean are mixing more powerfully, so that relatively warm deep water rises to the surface and eats away at the underside of the ice.

However, in their wake, hurricanes set up large - amplitude waves that mingle warm surface water with colder deep water, says climate scientist Matthew Huber of Purdue University.

The simulations suggest that over decades, these warming events dramatically perturb the ocean surface, affecting the flow of the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation, a system of currents that acts like a conveyor belt moving water around the planet.

Future wet suits with surface textures like the thick fur of otters that trap insulating air layers could keep tomorrow's divers warmer in icy waters.

The more heat in the Pacific, the bigger the El Niño, and right now, 150 metres below the surface, a ball of warm water is crossing that ocean.

So this effect could either be the result of natural variability in Earth's climate, or yet another effect of carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases like water vapor trapping more heat and thus warming sea - surface temperatures.

Using the Large Binocular Telescope Interferometer, or LBTI, in Arizona, the HOSTS Survey determines the brightness and density of warm dust floating in nearby stars» habitable zones, where liquid water could exist on the surface of a planet.

The role of this new zone as a refuge for shallower reef fishes seeking relief from warming surface waters or deteriorating coral reefs is still unclear.

They found that adding five years of strong trade winds created powerful ocean currents that buried the warm surface water, bringing cooler water to the surface.

The injection of so much cold water, they say, could lead to a stratification of the water column, with warm water buried underneath cold surface water.

A rather straightforward calculation showed that doubling the level of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere... which would arrive in the late 21st century if no steps were taken to curb emissions... should raise the temperature of the surface roughly one degree C. However, a warmer atmosphere would hold more water vapor, which ought to cause another degree or so of warming.