May 2008 to August 2014
Water Bucket Data Center — Sinkhole, LA Cloud Computing Engineer — Upgraded computer software for data center.
Not exact matches
The unique interior features include electronic
data acquisition systems,
water resistant dynamic trims, carbon
bucket seats, suede covering on the steering wheel and gear box.
It is widely realized that WWii saw changes in the construction of sampling
buckets for sea surface temperature measurement, and many navies switching to
water intake temperatures in compiling
data from ships at sea.
If scientists need to rely on
bucket samples of
water to prove the historic global temperature of our oceans, perhaps it is time to recognise that there are some aspects of our climate
data that are not worth relying on.
The new ERSST4 temperature series includes an» (i) an increasing amount of ocean
data from buoys, which are slightly different than
data from ships; (ii) an increasing amount of ship
data from engine intake thermometers, which are slightly different than
data from
bucket sea -
water temperatures; and (iii) a large increase in land - station
data...» and «More generally, buoy
data have been proven to be more accurate and reliable than ship
data, with better known instrument characteristics and automated sampling.»
The issue is with bad
data, as Dr. Pat Michaels Dr. Richard Lindzen, and Dr. Chip Knappenberger observed related to the switch from
buckets on a rope to engine
water inlets for measuring sea surface temperature:
They find that, with an enlarged
data set that has corrections for bias between drifting buoy
data and
data taken from ship intakes, as well as extended corrections for
water cooling in
buckets in the time between being drawn from the sea and being measured, there is a statistically significant warming trend of 0.086 °C per decade over the 1998 - 2012 period.
I can't remember which article I read, but they explained the problems with early sea temperature
data — they would drop
buckets in the
water, pull them up, and measure the temp.
But after 1945 a good share of
data came from UK ships, which dipped a
bucket in the ocean; the
water in the
bucket cooled as it was hauled aboard, Thompson et al. (2008).