Sentences with phrase «when calcium ions»
When calcium ions are released, this causes the sarcomeres to contract.
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When elevating calcium ion concentration directly at the presynaptic terminal with the use of caged calcium, cleavage of SNAP - 25 by botulinum toxin A (BoNT / A) produced a strong reduction in the calcium sensitivity for release, whereas cleavage of syntaxin using BoNT / C1 and synaptobrevin using tetanus toxin (TeNT) produced an all - or - nothing block without changing the kinetics of remaining vesicles.
They measured the concentration of calcium ions in the nerve cells to visualize their activity when a moth was stimulated with an odor.
When exposed to capsaicin, these receptors open to allow in sodium and calcium ions, causing the receptors to transmit that hot signal to the brain.
Further experiments revealed that injured cells initiate a wave of elevated calcium ion concentration that travels through the brain, and that the microglia only begin migrating when the wave reaches them.
In the new engine, a calcium ion converts heat to motion when it is hit by noise coming from a set of electrodes.
We also know how the enzyme changes shape when exposed to different environmental impacts, such as the concentration of calcium ions changes,» explains Thomas J.D. Jørgensen.
When exposed to blue light, the calcium ion gates on the dendritic cell open and it is activated.
This enabled them to «smuggle» calcium ions into cells and see what happened to sodium channels when the calcium concentration changed abruptly.
When the presynaptic neuron registers an influx of calcium ions, carrying the electrical surge of the action potential, vesicles that store neurotransmitters fuse to the cell's membrane and spill their contents outside the cell, where they bind to receptors on the postsynaptic neuron.
Using a device engineered by Nan Marie Jokerst, Ph.D., a professor of electrical and computer engineering at Duke's Pratt School of Engineering, the researchers showed that UVB caused calcium to flow into the skin cells, but only when the TRPV4 ion channel was present.
When CO2 is pumped into underground porous rocks, it combines with metal ions in the salty water that fills the rock pores and mineralizes into mineral carbonates, such as calcium carbonate (CaCO3).
When the IP3R calcium channel receives signals, it creates a pathway for calcium ions to move across cell membranes.
Since calcium ions spike when neurons fire a signal, Yuste and Dupre were able to relate behaviour to activity in glowing circuits of neurons.
When these cells are illuminated by a strong light, a change in the structure of melanopsin triggers a molecular cascade that eventually leads to an influx of calcium ions into those neurons and an electrical pulse.
Many organisms require supersaturated conditions to form sufficient calcium carbonate shells or skeletons, and biological calcification rates tend to decrease in response to lower carbonate ion concentrations, even when the ambient seawater is still supersaturated.
With a higher internal pH, bicarbonate sheds an H + and converts into carbonate ions and when concentrated in the presence of concentrated Ca + +, calcium carbonate minerals readily form.
For example, when atmospheric concentrations of carbon dioxide increased in geologic times to a certain unknown threshold, it went into the ocean and combined with positively charged calcium ions to form calcium carbonate — limestone.