Sentences with phrase «when seawater»

Corals may bleach — a breakdown of the symbiosis between the reef - building animal and the microalgae in its tissue — when the seawater warms past a threshold (e.g. temperatures are ~ 1 - 2 deg C warmer than the usual annual maximum for a whole month).

The pool was formed when seawater seeped into fissures on the ocean floor and mixed with subsurface salt, and was then forced back up from methane gas bubbling up from beneath.

There was a recent article talking about inorganic methane at the bottom of the ocean, formed when seawater hits the hot rocks of the mantle.

A small rise or fall in temperature seemed likely to cause a rise or fall in the gas levels (for example, when seawater got warmer it would evaporate some CO2 into the atmosphere, whereas it would absorb the gas during a cooling period).

When seawater freezes it forms weak sea ice due to the presence of salt and will need about half the energy to melt when compared to regular halocline formed sea ice.

They were able to maintain this strong increase in oxygen uptake even when the seawater temperature was increased to 37 °C — a temperature at which coral reef fish can not even survive for a short time.»

Consequently, reef sediments globally will transition from net precipitation to net dissolution when seawater Ωarreaches 2.92 ± 0.16 (expected circa 2050 CE).

Semi-quantitative real - time PCR results of smad1 displayed that its expression was elevated during the day to 3.00 ± 0.48 (T11 in Fig. 5C) when seawater had added calcium, compared to relative expression of 1.56 ± 0.2 in control corals (C11 in Fig. 5C; statistical significance p < 0.05, one - way ANOVA, n = 3).

When seawater freezes it expels its salts, producing a layer of very dense, briny water at the freezing temperature.

When seawater gets more acid, he explains, it holds fewer free carbonate ions.

The pre-stress conditions are expected to disappear when seawater temperatures rise by as little as 0.5 °C, such as predicted for the near future.

Worst of all, when seawater gets abnormally hot, the brightly coloured symbiotic algae that live within tropical corals and produce most of their food disappear, leaving their hosts vulnerable to starvation and disease.

One hint of weak coupling at a subduction zone is the presence of serpentinite — a mineral formed when seawater carried down by a descending plate reacts with mantle rock.

Professor Damon Teagle, from Ocean and Earth Science at the University of Southampton and a veteran of numerous scientific ocean drilling expeditions, said: «It is very exciting for IODP to be using a British ship and new technologies to investigate the strange reactions that occur when seawater meets rocks of the upper mantle.

As the iron in the inner core cools and solidifies, the researchers hypothesize, some of those light elements would be squeezed out, like the salt extruded from ice crystals when seawater freezes.

For instance, he says a transformer exploded Monday night when the seawater hit Con Edison electrical equipment.

Not exact matches

When you walk into a place, trust your senses: The shop should look clean and smell like, well, nothing except for the bright, briny scent of seawater.

That probably lets them breathe while eating without inhaling gulps of seawater — a challenge when devouring a large meal underwater.

Aequorin gives out blue light when it binds with calcium in seawater; this light is absorbed by GFP, which then emits an intense green glow.

When the team warmed tanks of seawater, they found phytoplankton grew slightly faster with every degree of temperature rise.

When the fish grew up in fresh water and seawater with high concentrations of CO2, they lost weight at double the rate of fish that were only exposed to salt water with higher CO2 levels.

When carbon dioxide dissolves in seawater, it forms carbonic acid, and in high enough concentrations carbonic acid is corrosive to the shells and skeletons of many marine organisms.

Under some conditions — particularly when CO2 - rich deep water wells up to the surface in the tropics — seawater also releases CO2 back into the air.

Based on the speed of the silicates» reaction with seawater, Yardley believes that when CO2 is injected into high - silicate minerals like feldspar, it too will quickly react, making clays and carbonates that clog the pores of the rock and trap the gas.

In fact, when muscle relaxants were added to the seawater surrounding an injured jellyfish, slowing the animal's muscle contractions, the symmetrization of the intact arms also was slowed down.

When the superheated fluids come in contact with near - freezing seawater, these minerals precipitate, forming dark, smoke - like plumes of particles.

When the turtle swallows a ball of tar — and squeezes — the tar clogs up the papillae and ruins its ability to strain off seawater.

When a winch on the barge Ready lowered Beebe and Barton toward a depth of 400 feet, they watched seawater seeped through the door of their chilly chamber.

When the CO2 hit the seawater, it developed a bizarre icy «hydrate» layer, through which the gas slowly dissolved.

When the polyps die, seawater seeps in and breaks the coral up.

Red rock shrimp, which rely on camouflage as they remove parasites from moray eels, doubled the amount of calcium in the cuticle that makes up its exoskeleton when the pH level was reduced, meaning the seawater was more acidic.

The researchers received another surprise when they used recently developed genomic approaches to compare the expression of genes related to calcification in coccolithophores grown under current and future seawater conditions.

The Calera process essentially mimics marine cement, which is produced by coral when making their shells and reefs, taking the calcium and magnesium in seawater and using it to form carbonates at normal temperatures and pressures.

So when more recent waves and tides brought in salty seawater from the ocean, the brackish water underneath the beaches became salty enough to release the cesium from the sand, and it was carried back into the ocean.

When these dissolved metals and sulfur meet the oxygen - rich seawater above, they form black metal - sulfide minerals, creating what appear to be clouds of black smoke.

The tanks held seawater with a range of pH levels reflecting current conditions as well as the lower pH occasionally encountered in Puget Sound when deep water wells up near the surface.

Acidification refers to a lowering of the pH of seawater when it absorbs carbon dioxide, pushing it closer to the acidic end of the scale, although it is still slightly alkaline.

Seawater is introduced into Earth's interior when two tectonic plates converge and one plate is pushed underneath the other into the mantle.

When they analyzed it, they found that the seawater had dissolved components of the volcanic ash, allowing new binding minerals to grow.

But when the Amundsen Sea region is destabilized, the model showed, the entering seawater was able to erode those ice shelves from the inside out.

But when the glacier retreats past that bulwark, it will collapse into the ocean; then seawater will intrude and melt channels into the ice sheet, setting the juggernaut in motion.

This puts the ice in direct contact with seawater and when the ocean warms, as it did during the Pliocene, the ice sheet becomes vulnerable to melting.

By Rina Saeed Khan KETI BUNDER, Pakistan (Thomson Reuters Foundation)- For fisherman Sammar Dablo, it was as if «the seawater stole our homes» when land erosion forced his village to relocate further inland on Pakistan's south coast.

And, importantly, when we presented them with seawater scented with odors of plastic debris, the schools responded in nearly the same way, clumping together and moving erratically as they would if they were searching for food.

When we injected seawater scented with krill into the tank, the anchovies responded as if they were searching for food — which in this case was not there.

In addition to analyzing what anchovies did when they detected these odors, we also filmed their anchovies» behavior while feeding on krill and when they were presented with control treatments of unscented seawater.

When the team of geologists from Stanford University re-created these conditions in a lab to try to duplicate an ultralow - velocity zone, they found that iron — one of the more abundant minerals on Earth and a likely candidate material that might explain the zones — reacted with the seawater to create a form of iron peroxide that was saturated with hydrogen atoms, according to the new research.

NEW YORK CITY — When Superstorm Sandy roared ashore with a surge of seawater in 2012, Sergej Mahnovski had been on the job directing the New York Mayor's Office of Long Term Planning and Sustainability for one week.

Lowest readings of dissolved oxygen were found in late summers, as is the case in other estuaries along the Oregon coast, when incoming salty seawater settles longer in the estuary and warmer, drier conditions reduce the amount of fresh water from the Coos River.

And even if we assume it's accurate, when we consider that pH naturally rises and falls by about + / -0.5 over the course of a single decade, this means that natural changes in seawater pH occur at rates 100s of times faster than the trend attributed to anthropogenic CO2.