Sentences with phrase «when syntaxin»
When syntaxin is folded, though, the bubbles can't stick to it and the nerve cell can't pass on its signal.
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When elevating calcium ion concentration directly at the presynaptic terminal with the use of caged calcium, cleavage of SNAP - 25 by botulinum toxin A (BoNT / A) produced a strong reduction in the calcium sensitivity for release, whereas cleavage of syntaxin using BoNT / C1 and synaptobrevin using tetanus toxin (TeNT) produced an all - or - nothing block without changing the kinetics of remaining vesicles.
When the scientists eliminated UNC - 13 in worms that produced normal syntaxin, however, the flow of neurotransmitters stopped, paralyzing the animals.
Axel Brunger (Yale University) and Jahn confirmed and extended these ideas when they reported the high - resolution structure of VAMP / synaptobrevin, syntaxin, and SNAP - 25 in 1998.
Remarkably he found that these proteins, when exposed to brain extracts, formed a complex with the vesicle protein VAMP and two plasma membrane proteins, syntaxin and SNAP - 25, precisely the proteins that Scheller had identified earlier.