Finally, if your claim is that the sun roolz the climate, then why is there no sign of the ~ 11
year sunspot cycle in the records?
@willis: You wrote: «Finally, if your claim is that the sun roolz the climate, then why is there no sign of the ~ 11
year sunspot cycle in the records?»
Not exact matches
These fluctuations correspond neatly to the 11 -
year solar
cycle,
in which the Sun's rotation gradually winds up its magnetic field into contorted coils, giving rise to flares and
sunspots that emit ultraviolet and X-ray light.
The Sun's activity — including changes
in the number of
sunspots, levels of radiation and ejection of material - varies on an eleven -
year cycle, driven by changes
in its magnetic field.
THE SUN appears to have started its next
cycle of
sunspots two
years ahead of schedule, heralding a period of solar magnetic storms that could trigger radio interference and auroras
in the night sky.
Astronomers
in Canada and the US have found tentative evidence that Tau Ceti has an 11 -
year cycle during which the number of its starspots waxes and wanes, just like the
sunspot cycle.
11 Duration,
in years, of a typical solar
cycle, natural variations
in the number of
sunspots and flares that affect solar irradiance levels on Earth.
The big problem is to explain a lag of more than 30
years when direct measurements of quantities (galactic cosmic rays, 10.7 cm solar radio, magnetic index, level of
sunspot numbers, solar
cycle lengths) do not indicate any trend
in the solar activity since the 1950s.
Kevin Trenberth, for instance, noted that the satellite observations are accurate enough to track the change
in solar insolation from the 11 -
year sunspot cycle.
It is found that the El Niño — Southern Oscillation (ENSO) is driven not only by the seasonal heating, but also by three more external periodicities (incommensurate to the annual period) associated with the ~ 18.6 -
year lunar - solar nutation of the Earth rotation axis, ~ 11 -
year sunspot activity
cycle and the ~ 14 - month Chandler wobble
in the Earth's pole motion.
«While the earlier estimate of ± 20 % [Schulz, 2002] is consistent with a solar
cycle (the 11 -
year sunspot cycle varies
in period by ± 14 %), a much higher precision would point more to an orbital
cycle.
Also, solar
cycles, reflected
in sunspot counts, are on an 11
year timescale, which clearly can not explain the abrupt climate change occurring.
Strangely, it occurred
in conjunction with a spate of solar activity during what is usually a quiet period
in the Sun's 11 -
year sunspot and storm - activity
cycle.
The number of
sunspots varies as solar magnetic activity does — the change
in this number, from a minimum of none to a maximum of roughly 250
sunspots or clusters of
sunspots and then back to a minimum, is known as the solar
cycle, and averages about 11
years long.
The sun's actual heat output varies slightly
in a cyclical way, with
sunspot activity waxing and waning over an 11
year cycle, but despite careful measurement, that has been done for well over 100
years, there's no significant long term change
in the sun's heat output.
«Though mankind's existence on the face of the earth is certainly a variable for generated heat, such heat is insignificant
in comparison to the changes
in heat from the sun, specifically compared to the changes
in Earth's temperature due to the sun's 11
year sunspot cycle.
Regarding your other comment, the 11
year sunspot cycle creates a small but detectable oscillation
in the Earth's temperature, but it is definitively not responsible for the long term warming seen over the past century and continuing.
Liz: «Though mankind's existence on the face of the earth is certainly a variable for generated heat, such heat is insignificant
in comparison to the changes
in heat from the sun, specifically compared to the changes
in Earth's temperature due to the sun's 11
year sunspot cycle.
[Response:
In this estimation, you divided a small amplitude ba an even smaller (the 22 - year Hale cycle is not very strong, and not even discernable in the sunspot record, even though we have reasons to believe it exists since the magnetic fields flip), thus not a very reliable metho
In this estimation, you divided a small amplitude ba an even smaller (the 22 -
year Hale
cycle is not very strong, and not even discernable
in the sunspot record, even though we have reasons to believe it exists since the magnetic fields flip), thus not a very reliable metho
in the
sunspot record, even though we have reasons to believe it exists since the magnetic fields flip), thus not a very reliable method.
Chief among these timescales is the 11 -
year solar
cycle, defined by the waxing and waning of solar activity as seen
in the number of
sunspots.
Eighteen
sunspot minima
in 7,800
years is about 400
years per
cycle.
... these timescales is the 11 -
year solar
cycle, defined by the waxing and waning of solar activity as seen
in the number of
sunspots.
During the past 5 - 6
years the solar radiation decreased by about 0.2 W / m2 since the
sunspot cycle was
in its decreasing phase.
The beauty of Neuberger's work, Climate
in Art, is that it precedes by 29
years the beginning of the
sunspot temperature connection outlined
in Friis - Christensen and Knud Lassen's Science 1991 article Length of the Solar
Cycle: An Indicator of Solar Activity Closely Associated with Climate.
To highlight recent increases
in activity, I have overlaid on the monthly International
sunspot numbers (light blue) a 9.8
year moving average (
in black) of
sunspot numbers (9.8 selected as an average
cycle length).
As for the
cycles, I can see the logic
in believing that the 11
year sunspot cycle could have a small effect, but I can't find any concrete evidence for it.
Interactions between externally - forced climate signals from
sunspot peaks and the internally - generated Pacific Decadal and North Atlantic Oscillations «When the PDO is
in phase with the 11
year sunspot cycle there are positive SLP anomalies
in the Gulf of Alaska, nearly no anomalous zonal SLP gradient across the equatorial Pacific, and a mix of small positive and negative SST anomalies there.
During more modern times, the Maunders, re-examining
sunspot records kept at the Royal Observatory
in Greenwich, England, established the famous butterfly diagramthat shows the quasi-symmetrical distribution of
sunspots between about 40 ° N and 40 ° S over the 11 -
year solar
cycle — one butterfly per
cycle.
such as
sunspot activity and the position of the Earth's orbit versus the sun
in a couple hundred
year cycle.
Yet according to this study: http://www.ucar.edu/news/releases/2006/brightness.shtml «Data collected from radiometers on U.S. and European spacecraft show that the Sun is about 0.07 percent brighter
in years of peak
sunspot activity, such as around 2000, than when spots are rare (as they are now, at the low end of the 11 -
year solar
cycle).
The change
in total solar irradiance over recent 11 -
year sunspot cycles amounts to < 0.1 %, but greater changes at ultraviolet wavelengths may have substantial impacts on stratospheric ozone concentrations, thereby altering both stratospheric and tropospheric circulation patterns... This model prediction is supported by paleoclimatic proxy reconstructions over the past millennium.
From 1930s to 1963
sunspot cycles were stronger than any
in the previous 200
years of
cycles.
That is, he claimed that the 11 -
year sunspot cycle plus its secular and millennial variation, which I was modeling very precisely with my model, could be produced also by this kind of formula f (t) = A * cos (2p * (t - T1) / p1) + B * cos (2p * (t - T2) / p2) Some variation on that formula does a good job, e.g. the one I used in my toy - example: «Sunspot Number» = SQRT (ABS (k * cos (π / p1 * t) + cos (π / p2 * t)-RR
sunspot cycle plus its secular and millennial variation, which I was modeling very precisely with my model, could be produced also by this kind of formula f (t) = A * cos (2p * (t - T1) / p1) + B * cos (2p * (t - T2) / p2) Some variation on that formula does a good job, e.g. the one I used
in my toy - example: «
Sunspot Number» = SQRT (ABS (k * cos (π / p1 * t) + cos (π / p2 * t)-RR
Sunspot Number» = SQRT (ABS (k * cos (π / p1 * t) + cos (π / p2 * t)-RRB--RRB-
Nicola Scafetta says: October 29, 2012 at 7:55 am
in this figure he repeats my spectral analysis showing that the Schwabe 11 -
year sunspot number
cycle can be decomposed
in three peaks -LSB-...] which is the major finding
in paper on which I build my model About the «three peaks»: here is my analysis of those [from Monday, January 26, 2009, 11:17:46 PM] and «published» on a blog the same day http://www.leif.org/research/Vuk-SAM.pdf slide 2 discussing Vuk's «
sunspot formula».
There is weak evidence for a quasi-periodic variation
in the
sunspot cycle amplitudes with a period of about 90
years («Gleisberg
cycle»).
So, we are to get 3
years major La Nina cooling and by then we shall also have
in SC 25 a no
sunspot cycle perhaps to rival the Maunder Minimum.
in this figure he repeats my spectral analysis showing that the Schwabe 11 -
year sunspot number
cycle can be decomposed
in three peaks two of which close to the 9.93 -
year Jupiter and Saturn spring - tide and the 11.86 -
year Jupiter tide.
This will be exacerbated by the increase
in solar radiation since the 11 -
year sunspot cycle is now
in the upswing, instead of
in its downswing mode as it was during the past decade.
Natural variations
in climate include the effects of
cycles such as El Niño, La Niña and other ocean
cycles; the 11 -
year sunspot cycle and other changes
in energy from the sun; and the effects of volcanic eruptions.
The variation
in sunspot numbers has revealed the Sun's 11 -
year cycle of activity as well as other, longer - term changes.
Prior to direct telescopic measurements of
sunspots, which commenced around 1610, knowledge of solar activity is inferred indirectly from the 14C and 10Be cosmogenic isotope record
in tree rings and ice cores, respectively, which exhibit solar related
cycles near 90, 200 and 2,300
years.
In addition it also became obvious that Angular Momentum (AM) was responsible for the strength of the solar
cycle, the AM curve very closely matches the
sunspot curve which now allows us easily to predict modulation strength for the next 200
years and more.
However, there was a slight decrease
in solar insolation from 2000 until 2009 with the ebbing 11 -
year sunspot cycle; enough to offset 10 to 15 % of the estimated net human induced warming.
In any case the neutron monitor graph shows the 11 - year sunspot cycle and how cosmic ray intensity waxes and wanes in perfect opposition to i
In any case the neutron monitor graph shows the 11 -
year sunspot cycle and how cosmic ray intensity waxes and wanes
in perfect opposition to i
in perfect opposition to it.
The 1850 - 2000 period was when the sun emerged from the Dalton Solar Minimum and displayed a steady 11
year sunspot active
cycle with peaks and lulls which kept the climate relatively warm since the Dalton, and
in the same climatic regime.
Solar
cycles are predictable among differing timescales but number of
sunspots in the shorter 9 — 11
year cycle is difficult, as NASA got their first predictions of
cycle 24 spectacularly wrong and had to reassess several times.
Frequency of geomagnetic storms is 35 % higher
in the even
sunspot cycles implying presence of 22
year cycle in the terrestrial events that might be affected
Don't say «mmm, looks like about 20
years in the barycentric data, and gosh,
sunspot double
cycle is about twenty
years too, wow, meaningful» and then use exactly 20
years for your analysis.
Even the «regular» 11 and 22
year sunspot cycles vary
in length by (from memory, it's late) around 10 - 15 % or so.
Stephen Wilde's hypothesis is a possible mechanism for the notch - delay theory,
in which the TSI drives surface temperatures after a delay of one
sunspot cycle (~ 11
years) and which potentially explains most of the temperature variations over the last few hundred
years.