Chris Dudley (21, 40)-- Based on some limited knowledge
about glaciers and ice sheets, I am of the fairly firm opinion that nothing above 300 ppm CO2e preserves a «safe» climate, in the long run.
Not exact matches
Tranter says he got the idea for Black
and Bloom
about four years ago, when he was working on the margins of the Greenland
ice sheet and forgot his
glacier goggles.
The study fuels a growing concern among scientists
about the factors affecting the Antarctic
ice sheet — namely, that warm ocean waters are helping to melt
glaciers and drive greater levels of
ice loss, particularly in West Antarctica.
Melting of
glaciers and the massive
ice sheets of Greenland
and Antarctica will combine for a rise in sea levels of 25 meters, or
about 80 feet.
Jakobshavn
Glacier is of interest because it is the fastest - moving
glacier in the world
and drains
about 7.5 percent of the Greenland
Ice Sheet.
A new study by scientists at NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL) in Pasadena, California,
and the University of California, Irvine, shows that while
ice sheets and glaciers continue to melt, changes in weather
and climate over the past decade have caused Earth's continents to soak up
and store an extra 3.2 trillion tons of water in soils, lakes
and underground aquifers, temporarily slowing the rate of sea level rise by
about 20 percent.
It is noteworthy that whereas
ice melt from
glaciers,
ice caps
and ice sheets is very important in the sea level budget (contributing
about 40 %), the energy associated with
ice melt contributes only
about 1 % to the Earth's energy budget.
This bundle contains 11 ready - to - use
Ice Age Worksheets that are perfect for students who want to learn more about An ice age which is a period of long - term reduction in the temperature of Earth's surface and atmosphere, resulting in the presence or expansion of continental and polar ice sheets and alpine glacie
Ice Age Worksheets that are perfect for students who want to learn more
about An
ice age which is a period of long - term reduction in the temperature of Earth's surface and atmosphere, resulting in the presence or expansion of continental and polar ice sheets and alpine glacie
ice age which is a period of long - term reduction in the temperature of Earth's surface
and atmosphere, resulting in the presence or expansion of continental
and polar
ice sheets and alpine glacie
ice sheets and alpine
glaciers.
Overall, I estimate the mass balance of the Greenland
ice sheet to be
about -80 + / -10 cubic km of
ice per year in 2000
and -110 + / -15 cubic km of
ice per year in 2004, i.e. more negative than based on partial altimetry surveys of the outlet
glaciers.
Maybe this will put to rest the scenario of melting
glaciers sliding into the sea
and inundating Bangladesh, but I guess there's still the West Antarctic
Ice Sheet to fantasize
about.
# 186 David Benson: While you may be correct
about the GIS
and Swiss
glaciers, the Laurentide
Ice sheet retreated from northern Quebec (i.e. the mainland)
about 6500 years ago.
They are also swollen by melting
glaciers,
ice caps
and ice sheets: Greenland's
ice is on track to melt completely, which will eventually raise the sea level by
about seven metres (23ft).
The melt - off from the world's
ice sheets,
ice caps
and glaciers over eight years of the past decade would have been enough to cover the United States in
about 18 inches (46 centimeters) of water, according to new research based on the most - comprehensive analysis of satellite data yet.
First, long before the two great
ice sheets, Greenland
and Antarctica, disappeared, we would lose all of the inland
glaciers that currently provide most of the water for
about a billion people.
Greenland's largest outlet
glacier, Jakobshavn Isbrae, drains
about 7 % of the Greenland
ice sheet and generates 10 % of the Atlantic's icebergs.
While worries
about rising sea levels are focused on the massive
ice sheets of Greenland
and Antarctica, the loss of small mountain
glaciers comes with its own consequences.
IPCC synthesis reports offer conservative projections of sea level increase based on assumptions
about future behavior of
ice sheets and glaciers, leading to estimates of sea level roughly following a linear upward trend mimicking that of recent decades.
Endless stories
about glaciers melting, polar bears,
ice sheets in Greenland
and Antarctica
and sea
ice form the view that there is virtually no
ice left on the surface of the planet.
Re your last comment, I think the paper was focused entirely on the three
ice sheets,
and didn't purport to draw any conclusions
about the small
glaciers or the overall melt / SLR budget.
Loss of glacial volume in Alaska
and neighboring British Columbia, Canada, currently contributes 20 % to 30 % as much surplus freshwater to the oceans as does the Greenland
Ice Sheet — about 40 to 70 gigatons per year, 66,78,63,57,64,58 comparable to 10 % of the annual discharge of the Mississippi River.79 Glaciers continue to respond to climate warming for years to decades after warming ceases, so ice loss is expected to continue, even if air temperatures were to remain at current leve
Ice Sheet —
about 40 to 70 gigatons per year, 66,78,63,57,64,58 comparable to 10 % of the annual discharge of the Mississippi River.79
Glaciers continue to respond to climate warming for years to decades after warming ceases, so
ice loss is expected to continue, even if air temperatures were to remain at current leve
ice loss is expected to continue, even if air temperatures were to remain at current levels.
However, instead of digging into the soil, they look for clues
about our planet's climate history by studying coral reefs, digging into ocean
and lake floor sediment
and drilling deeply into
glaciers and ice sheets.
On terrestrial
ice sheets, it says the total committed sea level rise today is ultimately
about 1 metre, mainly from existing
glacier melt
and the thermal expansion of seawater.
The planet's
glaciers and ice sheets cover
about 11 % of the planet's surface
and hold
about 70 % of the world's fresh water.
Tune in to gain a clearer understanding of the geological, climatological,
and historical data,
and get the facts straight
about the Arctic,
ice,
ice sheets,
and glaciers once
and for all.
Presenting such alternative figures confuses
and undermines the public understanding of the actual science, which is an understanding
about the driving mechanisms of sea level rise: thermal expansion of ocean water, melting of mountain
glaciers and complex dynamics of large
ice sheets — in correspondence again with projected temperature rise, that is in turn a product of projected rises of greenhouse gas concentrations using calculated estimates of climate sensitivity, together creating a net disturbance in Earth's energy balance, the very root cause of anthropogenic climate change.
In its most recent estimates on sea - level rise, the United Nations Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change reported in 2007 that warming
ice sheets and glaciers could raise sea levels from 20 to 50 centimeters (
about eight to 20 inches) by 2100.
In each case, we learn something of the research that garnered the knowledge we possess —
and often, something
about the personality of the researcher, too, whether Lonnie Thompson, trekking Peruvian
glaciers to measure their vital statistics, or John Mercer, who was occasionally known to do geological fieldwork in the nude — though presumably not for his best remembered research — studying the West Antarctica
Ice Sheet.
The two
glaciers between them account for 12 % of the island's
ice sheet,
and if both collapsed into the sea
and melted entirely, global sea levels would rise by
about a metre.
The abstract is as follows: The Greenland
ice -
sheet would melt faster in a warmer climate
and is likely to be eliminated — except for residual
glaciers in the mountains — if the annual average temperature in Greenland increases by more than
about 3 °C.
Such solecisms throughout the IPCC's assessment reports (including the insertion, after the scientists had completed their final draft, of a table in which four decimal points had been right - shifted so as to multiply tenfold the observed contribution of
ice -
sheets and glaciers to sea - level rise), combined with a heavy reliance upon computer models unskilled even in short - term projection, with initial values of key variables unmeasurable
and unknown, with advancement of multiple, untestable, non-Popper-falsifiable theories, with a quantitative assignment of unduly high statistical confidence levels to non-quantitative statements that are ineluctably subject to very large uncertainties,
and, above all, with the now - prolonged failure of TS to rise as predicted (Figures 1, 2), raise questions
about the reliability
and hence policy - relevance of the IPCC's central projections.