Despite these puzzles, a great deal has been learned
about hydrothermal vents in the past couple decades.
Not exact matches
Those analyses are likely to take several weeks, but should provide important insights
about the composition of the global ocean beneath Enceladus» surface and any
hydrothermal activity occurring on the ocean floor.
In spring 2015, MBARI researchers discovered a large, previously unknown field of
hydrothermal vents in the Gulf of California,
about 150 kilometers (100 miles) east of La Paz, Mexico.
The entire ocean volume circulates through
hydrothermal vents
about every 40 million years.
«When people were thinking
about ocean chemistry, it was always centered on
hydrothermal flow, but there was little data,» Johnson says.
Dr Jeff Hawkes, the lead author of this study, from the NOC said: «There has been a long outstanding question
about whether
hydrothermal vents are a source or sink of organic carbon to the oceans.
To study the movement of vent products, the researchers set up sediment traps and current meters near the
hydrothermal vents along the East Pacific Rise, an ocean ridge located
about 800 kilometers off the southern coast of Mexico and a mile and a half below sea level.
We're talking
about minutes in
hydrothermal liquefaction and a few days in an anaerobic digester.»
To study the animal, Cary goes on cruises to
hydrothermal vents like the one located in the Pacific Ocean's Mid-Oceanic Ridge,
about 1,200 miles off the coast of Costa Rica.
Other manned submersibles can not dive deeper than
about seven kilometers, says Lutz, who has made more than 85 underwater voyages on board the mini sub Alvin and was part of the first deep - sea exploration of
hydrothermal vents in 1979, when he was a postdoc at Yale University.
Studies of life in
hydrothermal vents and of the chemistry of
hydrothermal vents have provided no information
about the evolution of RNA and DNA and of their nucleotides from inorganic and simple organic molecules.
New research is revealing details
about how the exoskeleton of a certain type of deep - sea shrimp allows the animal to survive scalding hot waters in
hydrothermal vents thousands of feet under water.
The discovery of evidence for ancient sea - floor
hydrothermal deposits on Mars identifies an area on the planet that may offer clues
about the origin of life on Earth.
' Undersea
hydrothermal conditions on Mars may have existed
about 3.7 billion years ago; undersea
hydrothermal conditions on Earth at
about that same time are a strong candidate for where and when life on Earth began.
Eventually, the hot, mineral - rich fluid rises again and gushes out of openings in the seafloor —
hydrothermal vents — at temperatures up to
about 400 degrees Centigrade.
Scientists at Columbia's Lamont - Doherty Earth Observatory have found evidence of
hydrothermal vents on the seafloor near Antarctica, formerly a blank spot on the map for researchers wanting to learn more
about seafloor formation and the bizarre life forms drawn to these extreme environments.
Scientists are in the early stages of building a fiber optic network on the seafloor for observing, in real time, deep - sea
hydrothermal vents — places where super-heated water and minerals spew from Earth's crust offering clues
about how life on the planet may have began.
Given the more than 3 million volcanoes worldwide indicated by the work of Hillier & Watts (2007), one might be prone to wonder
about the statistical significance of Gerlach's seven subaerial volcanoes and three
hydrothermal vent sites.