But first, we dispel some of the common myths
about oral vocabulary development, which have often led to a lack of attention for this important topic in school instruction.
Not exact matches
Here's just one example: After almost a year in Head Start (with an average cost of
about $ 7,700 in 2005), children were able to name only
about two more letters than their non — Head Start counterparts, and they did not show any significant gains on much more important measures, such as early math learning,
vocabulary,
oral comprehension (more indicative of later reading comprehension), motivation to learn, or social competencies, including the ability to interact with peers and teachers.
They build their
vocabulary, acquire conceptual knowledge, learn
about letter - sound relationships and the relationship between
oral and written language, and practice the skills necessary to become automatic and fluent readers who can tackle the more specialized and technical texts of secondary reading (Chall, 1983; Chall & Jacobs, 1996; Jacobs, 2000).
By the end of high school, one estimate is that college - ready students will need to acquire
about 80,000 words.17 This means that we should immerse students for extended periods in
oral and written
vocabulary experiences throughout their instructional years.
This is most apparent in the large effect sizes for Text Reading Level (d = 2.02), the Ohio Word test (d = 1.38), Concepts
About Print (d = 1.10), Writing
Vocabulary (d = 0.90), Hearing and Recording Sounds in Words (d = 1.06), and the Slosson
Oral Reading Test - Revised (d = 0.94).
Through reading, talking, and writing
about reading, English language learners will extend their knowledge of the structure of English and expand
oral vocabulary.