This reminds me of a few years ago, when I was doing some piece
about the ozone layer and the history of the science.
When concern was raised
about the ozone layer and the harm being done by CFC's, the world acted relatively quickly.
Everything I could dredge up at the time linked to an odd one - page web site (screen captured in a Yahoo search cache here, its current iteration seemingly just expired, more info here) with the most generic possible uninformative information
about the ozone layer and global warming.
Above the point where this Oreskes / Conway presentation / paper referred to Dr Singer's position on second - hand smoke is a mention of ozone layer scientist Dr Sherwood Rowland, referencing Dr Singer's protest about the certainty of Rowland's conclusions
about the ozone layer.
Pope John Paul II in 1990, warned in a speech
about the ozone layer and the greenhouse effect because of» industrial growth, massive urban concentrations and vastly increased energy needs.»
We don't hear
about the ozone layer any more do we?
This is the man who said we needn't worry
about the ozone layer hole because his imaginary friend «Gaia» would sort it out; and who now says we're doomed anyway.
Not exact matches
Since 1,700 top scientists issued a dramatic warning 25 years ago
about humanity pushing the Earth beyond its capacity to sustain life as we know it, we've managed to stabilize one of the things that was worrying them: the depletion of the
ozone layer.
Those atoms» origin in the
ozone layer might also help explain a longstanding mystery
about some grains of lunar soil brought back by Apollo astronauts.
Mid-1980s:
Ozone layer sees a noticeable decline from its average level of
about 300 DU.
Some of these gases also degraded the atmosphere's protective
ozone layer, and the news inflamed public worries
about the fragility of the atmosphere.
Over the last 50 years satellite and ground - based records over Antarctica show
ozone column amounts ranging from 100 to 400 Dobson units, which translates to
about 1 millimeter (1/25 inch) to 5 millimeters (1/6 inch) of
ozone in a
layer if all of the
ozone were brought down to the surface.
«During September we typically see a rapid
ozone decline, ending with
about 95 percent depletion in that
layer by October 1.
Earth's storm clouds are stopped
about 20 kilometres up by a
layer of warm air heated by
ozone, which absorbs the sun's ultraviolet rays.
And there were meetings on the Mediterranean, science fiction and European science history; TV programmes
about polar ecology, science and society, the Baltic Sea, materials, AIDS, communications and the
ozone layer; and workshops on plant molecular biology, development in the tropics and synchrotrons.
They also tolerated periods of temperatures up to 41 °C and, separately, high ultraviolet radiation — which might come
about from damage to the
ozone layer.
He also noted that the Montreal Protocol, as a side effect, has bought us
about 10 years time in the climate issue, because the now banned CFC's also have a greenhouse effect in addition to damaging the
ozone layer.
«During September we typically see a rapid
ozone decline, ending with
about 95 percent depletion in that
layer by October 1,» Bryan Johnson, a researcher at the Earth System Research Laboratory, said in a press release.
By 2060 the
ozone layer is effectively extinct and without it, the Earth's surface is a much less friendly place: You would only have to be outside for
about five minutes to get sunburned and the incidence of skin cancer would increase substantially.
But it is also well known that just looking at fields of total
ozone does not tell us much
about chemical loss (total
ozone is a measure of the «thickness» of the
ozone layer).
We talk
about the new paper «Evidence for a continuous decline in lower stratospheric
ozone offsetting
ozone layer recovery» as published February 6, 2018.
After uncovering the truth
about a government program that will destroy the
ozone layer, they must find a way to save humanity and all of nature!
This activity includes information
about natural and human caused air pollution and the effects to our
ozone layer and environment.
Undo the four compressor bolts, and move the compressor out of the way - do NOT disconnect any lines to the compressor, or you'll lose all refrigerant, the
ozone layer will shrink a little, and somewhere, a small kitten will die (OK, not sure
about the kitten).
In a few years from now when it finally dawns on people that we have been taken for the umpteenth scare ride (Club of Rome, Paul Ehrlich, Acid rain,
Ozone layer, DDT and many more) the Media will look to themselves and wonder, «how the hell could we be this stupid» Time Magazine and Newsweek know all
about that after reporting on the «next Ice Age» scare of the 1970s.
But it is also well known that just looking at fields of total
ozone does not tell us much
about chemical loss (total
ozone is a measure of the «thickness» of the
ozone layer).
For two decades, herpetologists were caught up in a debate
about a wide range of factors — from damage to the
ozone layer to pesticides — that might be contributing to the amphibian die - offs, many of which were occurring in seemingly pristine places.
In the CFC story there was a significant time lag between scientists sounding the first warnings (Molina & Rowland 1974)
about potential damage to the
ozone layer from CFCs and the ultimately unstoppable political momentum to get rid of CFCs (Montreal 1987, London 1990, etc.).
You really will wind up extinct from enabling people who lie into your faces
about things like the effect of halogenated refrigerants on the
ozone layer, fully confirmed by laboratory experiments as well as field observation.
But the threat to the
ozone layer sent a stinging message
about how fragile the atmosphere was, how easily human activity might damage it.
«These observations reinforce concerns
about the frailty of Earth's
ozone layer.
«A key source of information
about the health of the
ozone layer above the Arctic looks set to be choked off.
If the principal Judges in the US receive 100,000 emails informing them
about the ongoing scheme of crime that is destroying the environment (and the
Ozone layer) which is the climate engineering plan that is being implemented by the government in these last decades, nothing will happen?
The
ozone layer is a long - standing natural feature of the stratosphere, the part of the atmosphere that begins
about 6 miles above the earth.
Even so, it has not been regarded as a threat to the
ozone layer, because its typical lifetime in the atmosphere before it is broken down in photochemical reactions is only
about five months.
The Antarctic hole would be 40 percent bigger than it is; the
ozone layer over Europe and North America would be 10 percent thinner; the 2011 Arctic hole would have been Antarctic - sized; and we would be looking at
about 2 million more cases of skin cancers by 2030, according to research conducted by Chipperfield and colleagues.
If you knew the slightest thing
about the problem with
ozone destroying chemicals, of which the chlorinated freons were prime culprits, you would know that they were a problem because they were supremely stable in the lower atmosphere (pure chlorine not so at all), and were able to transport chlorine to the
ozone layer (unlike natural chlorine compounds), whereupon UV light broke them down, released the chlorine, starting a chain reaction destroying the
ozone.
We talk
about the new paper «Evidence for a continuous decline in lower stratospheric
ozone offsetting
ozone layer recovery» as published February 6, 2018.
Paul Crutzen talks
about family background, early education and interest in natural science; his work in the Institute of Meteorology in Stockholm (5:02); his discovery (6:55); the
ozone layer (15:42); the Greenhouse Effect (19:10);
ozone holes (23:43); and the consequences of a «Nuclear winter» (27:09).
Icelandic volcanoes are
about 30 degrees away from the pole, too far except for the strongest eruptions, to be swept - up (in suficient enough concentration) into the stratosphere by polar vortex, hence the
ozone layer there is more stable, despite fact there was more CFC around in the Nth than Sth hemisphere.
«The Reagan administration was generally skeptical
about costly environmental rules, but with respect to protection of the
ozone layer, Reagan was an environmentalist hero.
Continued monitoring of
ozone and
ozone - depleting substances is essential for verification of
ozone layer recovery as expected by
about 2050, which hinges on the complete elimination of atmospheric
ozone - depleting substances.
CFCs are incredibly stable molecules that must travel high into the stratosphere before breaking down, so though the phasing out of CFCs is working, the impact of the Montreal Protocol won't be noticeable in the
ozone layer until
about 2025, Kramarova said.
At
about 12.4 miles (20 kilometers) above the Earth in the stratosphere where the
ozone layer is normally concentrated, most of it has been depleted, said Markus Rex, an
ozone researcher with the Alfred Wegener Institute for Polar and Marine Research in Germany.
As is reported over at PJ Media, in spite of very recent claims of an
ozone recovery, conveniently timed with a celebration of the Montreal Protocol's 25th anniversary, there is much dispute
about the state of the
ozone layer.
The 2nd biggest lie was
about man's effect on the
ozone layer.
More
about ozone depletion and CFCs:: Could Fixing the Ozone Layer's Hole Make Global Warming W
ozone depletion and CFCs:: Could Fixing the
Ozone Layer's Hole Make Global Warming W
Ozone Layer's Hole Make Global Warming Worse?
And in March 2015, Shultz penned «A Reagan approach to climate change» (Washington Post), reminding readers of President Reagan's bold response to scientific alarm
about thinning of the Earth's
ozone layer which led to the Montreal Protocol, a treaty phasing out
ozone - depleting chemicals.
Observations of
ozone show a thinning of the Earth's protective stratospheric
ozone layer by
about 3 to 8 % overall since the 1970s.
The Earth's
ozone layer is located in the lower stratosphere, which lies just above the troposphere (which begins at the planet's surface and reaches up to
about 12 km), catching harmful ultraviolet rays from the sun.