As far as I can tell Halpern et al talk
about radiative heat transfer, e.g. in the abstract: «They claim that radiative heat transfer from a colder atmosphere to a warmer surface is forbidden -LSB-...]»
The author obviously knows nothing
about radiative heat transfer.
The discussion
about radiative heat transfer shows how temperature differences regulate the amount of energy transferred between objects.
Not exact matches
In the latter case it is
about heat transfer and the way climate science has bungled the thermodynamics, in the former it is not
about the
radiative greenhouse effect as that is not
about reflection.
In air, the
radiative heat transfer flux for 0.9 emissivity steel only exceeds natural convection at c. 100 deg C. For aluminium it's about 300 deg C. Check any of the standard engineering texts, e.g. McAdam «Heat Transfer» to confirm (it's in the tables of combined heat transfer coefficien
heat transfer flux for 0.9 emissivity steel only exceeds natural convection at c. 100 deg C. For aluminium it's about 300 deg C. Check any of the standard engineering texts, e.g. McAdam «Heat Transfer» to confirm (it's in the tables of combined heat transfer coeffi
transfer flux for 0.9 emissivity steel only exceeds natural convection at c. 100 deg C. For aluminium it's
about 300 deg C. Check any of the standard engineering texts, e.g. McAdam «
Heat Transfer» to confirm (it's in the tables of combined heat transfer coefficien
Heat Transfer» to confirm (it's in the tables of combined heat transfer coeffi
Transfer» to confirm (it's in the tables of combined
heat transfer coefficien
heat transfer coeffi
transfer coefficients).
About 40 years ago, using electrical
heating of horizontal plates of hot - rolled steel and aluminium to separate natural convective and
radiative heat transfer, I measured the former and deduced the latter by difference as a function of local GHG composition and temperature to design large process plant.
But I concluded that the guy didn't know what he was talking
about, or more likely was intentionally misrepresenting
radiative heat transfer science.
It is not «conduction» but exchange of radiation; if you keep your hands parallel at a distance of some cm the right hand does not (radiatively) «warm» the left hand or vice versa albeit at 33 °C skin temperature they exchange some hundreds of W / m ² (
about 500 W / m ²) The solar radiation reaching the surface (for 71 % of the surface, the oceans) is lost by evaporation (or evapotranspiration of the vegetation), plus some convection (20 W / ²) and some radiation reaching the cosmos directly through the window 8µm to 12 µm (
about 20 W / m ² «global» average); only the
radiative heat flow surface to air (absorbed by the air) is negligible (plus or minus); the non
radiative (latent
heat, sensible
heat) are
transferred for surface to air and compensate for a part of the
heat lost to the cosmos by the upper layer of the water vapour displayed on figure 6 - C.
It is not the infrared emission that cools the surface as in the so - called
radiative equilibrium models because the net
radiative heat transfer surface to air is
about nil, but the evaporation whose thermostatic effect can not be overstated: increasing the surface temperature by +1 °C increases the evaporation by 6 %; where evaporation is 100 W / m ², this removes an additional 6 W / m ² from the surface.
You haven't a clue what you're talking
about when it comes to
radiative heat transfer and why it obeys the Second Law of Thermodynamics.
The problem is that most scientists haven't a clue
about practical conductive, convective,
radiative heat transfer so are easy meat for the charlatans who have made a good career out of pretending there's an effect of CO2.
Why should I accept your fantasies
about the CO2, if scientists specialized on
radiative heat transfer say the same thing that I'm saying?
There is a real question
about the balance of convective and
radiative heat transfer from the surface to the atmosphere, though.