About soot — response to post 2 E. O'Neal — yes, it is believed that soot landing on snow makes it more likely to melt.
Given the recent research
about soot, it's likely that NGO's or possibly the UNDP would chip in for the solar oven effort.
The good news
about soot is that, compared to other factors contributing to climate change the bad effects cease relatively quickly once the source of pollution is removed.
Also you can find a good article
about soot and global warming here.
Not exact matches
When grill temperature is down to medium (
about 400 °), scrub cooking grate with a grill brush, then wipe grate with a clean, dry rag to remove
soot.
Heat the room at the touch of a button and don't worry
about smoke or
soot, when you make AKDY your choice.
The researchers estimate that a fully populated 20 x 20 foot mussel raft similar to the one used in this study would clean an average of three million gallons of water and remove
about 350 pounds of particulate matter, like dust and
soot, daily.
At least two studies have been published since 2010 that suggest reducing
soot and methane would cut human - caused global temperature increases by half of a degree Celsius, or
about 1 degree Fahrenheit, by 2050.
Researchers found that emissions of fine particulate matter, or
soot, were
about 99 percent lower than
soot emissions allowed from engines manufactured in 2004.
As a result the air gets worse, whether you're talking
about choking smog, insidious
soot or, yes, climate change.
But the two men's estimates of
soot's impact are
about twice as high as the consensus reached by the U.N. Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change in its 2007 report, which many scientists (including Shindell) still endorse.
At least two studies published since 2010 — one report from the United Nations Environment Programme in 2011 and a follow - up published in Science last year — suggested that significantly reducing the emissions of
soot and methane could trim human - caused warming by at least 0.5 °C (0.9 ° F) by 2050, compared with an increase of
about 1 °C if those emissions continued unabated.
However, the model depends heavily on assumptions
about the way
soot particles form, he says.
According to their models,
soot could have caused
about 1 meter's worth of additional ice melt each year despite cool temperatures and steady precipitation, they report today in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences.
Soot from oil - burning ships is dumping
about 1000 tonnes of soluble iron per year across 6 million square kilometres of ocean, new research has revealed.
A high - end estimate of
soot totals some 70 billion metric tons (
about 77 billion U.S. short tons).
October 9, 2017 What
soot covered, hundred - year - old birds can tell us
about saving the environment A unique study by UChicago grad students shows that discoloration of birds in museum collections can be used to trace the history of air pollution.
But for now I want to gush
about H&T handbags and the
soot we did in Chi - town!
It took decades for Americans to forget
about those»70s and»80s
soot - spewing clatter machines and start believing diesel could be quiet,...
It took decades for Americans to forget
about those»70s and»80s
soot - spewing clatter machines and start believing diesel could be quiet, smooth and most importantly, clean.
Jake Ewert's two
soot - on - corduroy panels, both abstractions of a cat's face — easily the least representational cats here — have something vaguely Frank Stella
about them.
re # 1 my educated guess
about the effects of
soot on glaciers would be if the
soot were to settle on the glaciers it would have the same effect of natural soil and rock.
This means those eight years aren't actually eight years we can gain by cutting
soot emissions; rather, our results suggest that we need to accelerate carbon dioxide emissions by
about eight years relative to these scenarios if we don't also act to reduce
soot emissions.»
A few issues raised have been legitimate, such as leebert's information
about the effects of
soot - which remain controversial, and (as he pointed out) do not impact the need to reduce CO2 emissions.
Once the world quits nagging them
about the insoluable and imaginary problem of CO2, and focusses on the
soot, there'll be an easy solution.
In total, the authors find that
soot emitted by the shipping industry contributes to
about 2 percent of the total
soot present in the atmosphere.
TreeHugger has written
about the growing acknowledgement that
soot pollution is a major component of global warming — contributing a shocking amount to melting of glaciers in the Himalayas is just one example.
TreeHugger has written
about the growing acknowledgement that
soot pollution is a major component of global warming — contributing a shocking amount to melting of glaciers in the Himalayas is just
In Hansen Nazarenko 2004, Hansen wrote that «Our estimate for the mean
soot effect on spectrally integrated albedos in the Arctic... is
about one quarter of observed global warming.»
Back in 2000, I wrote the first stories
about a push by James Hansen of NASA to curb black carbon (
soot) as a first step, while working to build the bigger effort needed to address the tougher CO2 challenge.
Photo: Public domainOther Truck Fleets, Pay AttentionDid you know that replacing a pre-1994 diesel truck (or at least the engine) with a 2004 - 2006 model could cut
soot pollution by
about 2/3, and reduce smog - forming nitrogen oxides (NOx) emissions by
Another article
about Arctic sea ice melt and no mention of the role of
soot: instead, the only potential causes presented are «atmospheric warming» or the thoroughly debunked volcanoes.
If they're lousy odds, then shouldn't we be talking
about easier fixes first, like mitigation
soot & ozone emissions?
I'm a moderate liberal, but I would like everyone to think
about this: What has Bush done to mitigate
soot?
Learn more
about black carbon by watching Stop
Soot: The Easiest Way to Slow Climate Change, an animated video.
The wild exaggerations of both the direct CO2 warming and the supposedly more serious knock - on warming are rooted in an untruth: the falsehood that scientists know enough
about how clouds form, how thunderstorms work, how air and ocean currents flow, how ice sheets behave, how
soot in the air behaves.
The UN was so concerned
about man - made Global Cooling during the 1970's that they wanted to melt the Arctic by spreading black
soot on it:
And ships, besides releasing almost 3 percent of the world's CO2 (
about as much as all of Canada emits), are also a main source of nitrous oxide and black carbon (
soot).
For example, did you read the recent results
about black
soot, which was significantly underestimated (or ignored) for decades, but has now jumped to second place (behind CO2) in terms of its impact.
As Earth Week 2013 draws to a close, I want to draw your attention to a unique effort to learn more
about why Greenland is melting so fast — a crowd - funded research project that anyone can contribute to, which aims to answer the «burning question»: How much does wildfire and industrial
soot darken the ice, increasing melt?
Black carbon /
soot is often discussed and has been known
about since the first scientific arctic expeditions in the 1820's.
I thought one area of agreement was that methane and black
soot had to go, so we need to now think
about CO2 itself, the bear in the room, because that is the one with the long - term effect.
Smog,
soot and other particles like the kind often seen hanging over Beijing add to global warming and may raise summer temperatures in the American heartland by three degrees in
about 50 years, says a new federal science report released Thursday.
In the 1970's, when we were worried
about global cooling, some climatologists seriously suggested covering the polar caps with
soot in order to melt the ice!
Ironically,
soot from 400 million low - efficiency cooking stoves replaced by higher - efficiency stoves, will add billions of person / years and 1.5 hours a day to the lives of
about two billion «pre-industrials».
And the best news
about methane and
soot is that there are numerous ways to effectively control these two climate destabilizers, often at minimal initial costs and with large near - term benefits.
I recall reading
about plans the Mitre Corporation proposed to flood the centre of Africa to alter the world's climate, as well as the perennial sprinkling of
soot on the poles.
Looking at the journals of the first scientific Arctic explorer - Scoresby - he made comments
about the amount of black
soot lying on the ice / snow and melting it.
You will see other comments
about the role of black
soot, something that dr Hansen has written on.
When I return I look forward to reading your replies
about my other queries on Black
Soot and likely co2 concentrations by 2100.