For instance they make different assumptions about thermal comfort levels, and this profoundly effects the assumptions
about space heating demand.
Not exact matches
Heat a large skillet with the oil and place each meatball
spaced about an inch apart, brown on two sides, remove and brown the rest.
2) Sift the flour and add it to the butter and sugar mix, then add the oats and chopped nuts 3) Stir well until it achieves a homogenous texture 4) Using a teaspoon, scoop up 1 teaspoon of batter, and then form a small ball by rolling it between your palms 5) Place the balls of batter on a greased baking tray, leaving
about 3 cm of
space between each ball until the tray is full 6) Bake in oven at around 170 deg celcius (medium
heat for gas oven) for around 15 to 20 minutes, or until the edges of the cookies start turning golden brown 7) Once finished baking, use a spatula to move the cookies to a plate to cool
While humidifiers, air purifiers, and
space heaters are some of the best ways to control indoor air pollutants and
heating, most people don't break into a smile
about these traditionally unexciting humidity, air quality, and
heating solutions.
Each Community Partner organization will provide
space for the MSW interns to meet with clients and answer questions
about applying for help with food,
heating bills, SNAP, WIC, legal assistance, home weatherization, health care, and other social services programs.
We planned
about 900 square feet of jungle
space with five different kinds of energy collection:
heat, hot air, hot water, light, and photosynthesis.
The top of the blanket remains cold and continues to emit
about the same amount of infrared to
space but below the blanket it gets warmer because it is more difficult for the
heat to rise to the top.
These efforts range from basic research
about how polymers and other materials will react during the
heating and deposition process to more industrial applications, such as developing a lower - cost, high - temperature process for working with thermoplastics used to make air and
space vehicle components.
On Io, which orbits at
about the same distance from the planet as the Earth to the moon, the
heat is so intense that it triggers sulfurous plumes from massive volcanic vents, which spew into
space.
Now imagine the worst - weather - day in history — and then I'm not talking
about the Monster Storm — on which rain keeps pouring and pouring from 6AM in the morning till midnight, but regardless to that you have to be up and ready to shoot at 8AM — it's winter — in a botanical garden where the only
space to change is some sort of basement laboratory — without
heating — jumping into Resort and Spring / Summer pieces, and not let any of this spoil your pretty face... What in the world has to happen to turn all of this into something fabulously freaking fantastic?
Now when I think
about heating (costs and environment), I'd rather invest in winter woolies and wear slippers, and even invest in area rugs in my work -
space to further insulate myself from the cold floor.
The features I liked the most
about the Sorrento were; comfortable seating for up to 7 passengers, back passengers also have air vents, large trunk
space,
heated front seats, dual climate control, back up camera so I won't hit anything, good gas mileage for a SUV, get up and go even for a 4 cylinder engine, ambient lighting at night and satellite radio available.
Transfer the blackberry jam to a
heat - proof pitcher and pour into the jars, leaving
about a 1 / 2 - inch
space from the rim of the jar.
overall, the solution is relatively compact, with the cooling tubes and radiator taking up
about as much
space as a large air - cooling
heat sink.
The stress on shelter staff is significant: no room to put ever more dogs; having to euthanize dogs to make room for new dogs; performing triage on sick animals when
space is limited; having to make hard choices
about evening and weekend
heating and lighting with a small budget; no veterinarian or vet tech on the staff; no evening or weekend staff; no time to network adoptable animals; no available homes in the surrounding communities; inadequate transport vehicles; little or no support from local government; an Animal Control Officer often doing double duty, responsible also for managing the shelter; counties lacking even a shelter or inside kenneling.
Harris says that while there were concerns
about the kittens getting too hot, they don't: A covered
heating pad, kept at medium
heat, is placed on the floor of the cubby, with a segment of the pad pulled up against the wall to leave a 2 - inch, nonheated
space.
We've mentioned
about some of the reasons why they like them before: they take comfort in small
spaces because it makes them feel secure, and small
spaces help them retain body
heat.
There's also a number of interesting applications in the evolution of Earth's atmosphere that branch off from the runaway greenhouse physics, for example how fast a magma - ocean covered early Earth ends up cooling — you can't lose
heat to
space of more than
about 310 W / m2 or so for an Earth - sized planet with an efficient water vapor feedback, so it takes much longer for an atmosphere - cloaked Earth to cool off from impact events than a body just radiating at sigmaT ^ 4.
Actually, though, most of the OLR originates from below the tropopause (can get up around 18 km in the tropics, generally lower)-- with a majority of solar radiation absorbed at the surface, a crude approximation can be made that the area emitting to
space is less than 2 * (20/6371) * 100 % ~ = 0.628 % more than the area
heated by the sun, so the OLR per unit area should be well within
about 0.6 % of the value calculated without the Earth's curvature (I'm guessing it would actually be closer to if not less than 0.3 % different).
Hence, whereas the planet is
heated at the surface, it's main
heat loss takes place from a height
about 5.5 km above the ground, where most of the radiation is free to escape out to
space.
We look forward to the house filling with people, and anticipate the warmth that will envelop us when we occupy enough rooms to justify turning on the
heating instead of huddling
about the fire place or a
space heater.
Now, I think it was in 1956 that atmospheric physicist and sometimes - weapons designer Gilbert Plass (who needed to know
about IR to fire
heat - seeking missiles up the tailpipes of jet fighter at high altitude) noted that CO2 in the upper troposphere could block the escape of IR to
space: The Carbon Dioxide Theory of Climate Change, Gilbert Plass (1955)(abstract) In the full paper, available at the above link, Plass spells out the previous notion which his research overturned:
The vertical hydroponic garden, which has
space for «up to 160 plants» in an area of
about 25 square feet, uses PVC pipe and gutter parts for the frame, which are easily sourced and can be worked with mostly basic tools (though an electric
heat gun is required for one step).
99.96 % of dry air consists of gases that are
about as transparent to the
heat radiated by Earth to
space as glass is to visible light.
All of the above can reduce by
about 90 percent the energy needed to
heat the
space.
What's more, continually increasing greenhouse gases increase the imbalance by
about 0.3 W / m2 per decade even as the planet warms and radiates some extra
heat back to
space.
Based on Building America experience, this report is
about selecting furnaces, water heaters, both or sometimes just one to accomplish both
space heating and domestic hot water.
Basically, as fast as
heat loiters
about on our planet's surface, it either radiates off to
space or Water will pick it up and carry it to the upper layers of our atmosphere, where it will change form from gas to liquid or solid giving off
heat to
space while being super cooled at the same time.
When thinking
about the building energy system, it's helpful to distinguish
space heating from
space cooling and ventilation.
It is not known what happens to latent and sensible
heat losses from the ocean — but smething is known
about losses to
space and that's what's important.
Climategate and official responses to Climategate guided me back to hints Sir Fred Hoyle (astronomer, astro - physicist, cosmologist) and Professor Paul Kazuo Kuroda (nuclear, geo - chemist) left behind
about changes in nuclear and
space physics after WWII,... Changes that blocked understanding of Earth's
heat source, solar energy:
At
about 2,600 square feet, this energy - efficient home has a floor plan design which allows it to be functional while minimizing the
heated space and amount of construction materials.
«greenhouse» gases in the atmosphere, since, as anybody but a climate change advocate nut knows,
heat rises, most will then waft back harmlessly up into
space, as the earth, as all functions seek equilibrium and homeostasis (those scientists believing that is a function of physiology and biology or entropy in a closed rather than open and single ended variant and changing input system don't know what they are talking
about) then shifts back into balance, which is really what it is doing all along, since
About 20 years ago I bought a 2,000 square foot uninsulated house in upstate New York which got me interested in solar
space heating.
Yet the period of rotation — obviously a major factor in explaining the loss of energy by a surface radiating to
space — the Moon and Mercury for example have similar minimum temperatures — does not seem to have any place in this discussion yet it is one of the few real facts
about planetary surface temperatures and
heating and cooling we have.
The Wentz paper does not really address energy fluxes, and so I am still not clear
about what the 0.8 W / m ^ 2 per deg.K flux is, e.g., a latent
heat flux from the ocean surface into the atmosphere, or from the surface via convection and latent
heat release to
space, or something in between.
If Earth's mean energy imbalance today is +0.5 W / m2, CO2 must be reduced from the current level of 395 ppm (global - mean annual - mean in mid-2013) to
about 360 ppm to increase Earth's
heat radiation to
space by 0.5 W / m2 and restore energy balance.
Here is the money quote, «Fundamentals, a vertical 3 / 4 - inch air
space has an R - value of
about R - 1 — assuming that the
heat - emitting surface adjacent to the air
space has an emissivity of 0.82.
The very best thing
about the deep ocean is that its deep and vast so you can claim you can finds of lots of «missing «things in it,
space ships, sunken cities,
heat knowing that it's very hard to prove you wrong.
Anybody who knows anything
about thermal properties will understand that frozen water (i.e., ice and snow) takes up a LOT more
space than liquid water, because water is one of the few compounds that expands when it freezes and contracts when its
heated.
* CO2 doubling is not instantaneous but, at +2 ppm / year, would take
about 200 years; hence there is plenty of time for convection and water vapour to restore the «emission of
heat energy to
space» as they do every day and night
The end result is a house that has
about half the
heat loss of a conventional construction home and that will get a large fraction of its
space heating from solar.
The GHE is not
about storing energy in the atmosphere, it's
about atmosphere stopping the free radiation of
heat from the surface to
space.
While the
space heating of the house is the sunspaces major contribution to energy saving, just consider that having a good, year round place to dry clothes saves an additional 1200 KWH of electricity and 2000 lbs of CO2 emissions a year —
about the same as a 1000 watt PV array would produce.
Geophysicists believe that
heat flows from Earth's interior into
space at a rate of
about 44 × 1012 W (TW).
You keep talking
about the sun
heating the steel shell, when I said «The planet is in interstellar
space, with no atmosphere and no nearby stars.»
While I have talked mostly
about using this collector for domestic solar water
heating, it would also be fine for things like winter
space heating, hot tub
heating, and even pool
heating into fall and winter in cold climates.
CO2 and H2O vapour emit vastly more
heat than they absorb because they are somewhere between +30 C and -55 C, depending on the height, and deep
space is
about -270 C, as always the
heat flows from hot to cold, the bigger the temperature gradient the greater the
heat flow.
Without atmosphere the surface of the ocean or land would lose o (T ^ 4 — Ts ^ 4)(1) where Ts is the temperature of the
space (
about 4K) while in the presence of the atmosphere the
heat losses are hc * (T — Tl)(2) and o (T ^ 4 — Tl ^ 4)(3) where (2) represents the
heat transfer by convection (inclusive conduction) through the air layer and (3) corresponds to the net flow due to the
heat exchange by radiation, Tl being the mean temperature of the air layer.
The Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) found that
space heating accounts for
about 42 percent of energy use in U.S. residences and
space heating accounts for 30 percent of homeowners energy - related expenses.