Yes, the discussion above is
about equilibrium climate sensitivity and by picking 2100 (or 2011) we'll be measuring the transient climate sensitivity.
«From the corresponding paper: «our study says nothing
about the equilibrium climate sensitivity; it only suggests that the equilibrium greenhouse sensitivity is zero.»
Not exact matches
The Hansen et al study (2004) on target atmospheric CO2 and
climate sensitivity is quite clear on this topic:
equilibrium responses would double the GCM - based estimates, with very little to be said
about transient effects.
We have often made the case here that
equilibrium climate sensitivity is most likely to be around 0.75 + / - 0.25 C / (W / m2)(corresponding to
about a 3 °C rise for a doubling of CO2).
The real «
equilibrium climate sensitivity,» which is the amount of global warming to be expected for a doubling of atmospheric CO2, is likely to be
about 1 °C, some three times smaller than most models assumed.
Now, clouds do not make heat exchange imponderable, especially in long term trends of
climate analysis, the averages due to what we already know
about dynamic
equilibrium outcomes and what we observe in the feedbacks going back even greater then 30 years.
While I'm posting (I can see how you guys get into this) I'm also very uncomfortable with your notion of «tacit knowledge:» it certainly seems to be tacit knowledge in the blogosphere that the chances of the
climate sensitivity (
equilibrium warming on indefinite stabilization at 560ppm CO2, for the non-enthusiasts) being greater than or equal to 6 degrees are too small to be worth worrying
about (meaning down at the level of an asteroid strike).
captdallas2 @ 130 — To become more impressed by the estimate of
about 3 K for Charney
equilibrium climate sensitivity, read papers by Annan & Hargreaves.
In the interview he mentioned the 11 degrees bit and we chatted for a while
about how that was a very long term figure (such a
climate sensitivity would require a very long time to come into
equilibrium) and how we gave no odds at all of that being the case.
Global temperature change is
about half that in Antarctica, so this
equilibrium global
climate sensitivity is 1.5 C (Wm ^ -2) ^ -1, double the fast - feedback (Charney) sensitivity.
Aslo, regarding
climate sensitivity a very key thing to remember, especially if sensitivity turns out to be on the high side, is that the «final»
equilibrium temperature (Alexi's concerns
about there being such a thing aside) calculated from
climate sensitivity does not take into account carbon cycle feedbacks OR ice sheet changes.
Question: before talking
about simulating
climate CHANGE, how long does the
climate science community expect it to take before GCM's can reproduce the real world
climate PRIOR to human induced CO2 perturbation in terms of: — «
equilibrium point», i.e. without artificial flux adjustment to avoid climatic drift, — «natural variability», in terms of, for instance, the Hurst coefficient at different locations on the planet?
Note that «
equilibrium» in this thread — up through response 162 — was in terms of
climate sensitivity, answering the question
about where the «extra heat» comes from.
By focusing soley on the
equilibrium climate sensitivity, the authors do miss a lot of features important to people
about the overall
climate system — for example, what's the
equilibrium sensitivity of the carbon cycle to the temperature change brought
about by 2X CO2?
Over very long time periods such that the carbon cycle is in
equilibrium with the
climate, one gets a sensitivity to global temperature of
about 20 ppm CO2 / deg C, or 75 ppb CH4 / deg C. On shorter timescales, the sensitivity for CO2 must be less (since there is no time for the deep ocean to come into balance), and variations over the last 1000 years or so (which are less than 10 ppm), indicate that even if Moberg is correct, the maximum sensitivity is around 15 ppm CO2 / deg C. CH4 reacts faster, but even for short term excursions (such as the 8.2 kyr event) has a similar sensitivity.
Scientists often talk
about it in terms of the
equilibrium climate sensitivity (ECS), which is the long - term temperature increase that we expect from a permanent doubling of atmospheric CO2.
Scientists often talk
about it in terms of the
equilibrium climate sensitivity (ECS), which is the
In my earlier posting, I tried to make the distinction that global
climate change (all that is changing in the
climate system) can be separated into: (1) the global warming component that is driven primarily by the increase in greenhouse gases, and (2) the natural (externally unforced) variability of the
climate system consisting of temperature fluctuations
about an
equilibrium reference point, which therefore do not contribute to the long - term trend.
I estimate dT increased from 1980 to 2010 by
about 0.4 K. Given
equilibrium climate sensitivity of 0.75 K / Wm2, the amount of forcing neutralised by said dT is; 0.4 * 0.75 = 0.3 W / m2.
Equilibrium climate sensitivity greater than
about 6 °C — 7 °C is very unlikely.
When I rephrased my question and gave some background to my reason for asking it, you went way outside your area of expertise and turned to stating your opinions (based on you ideological beliefs)
about how much your tool says the planet will warm by 2100 (4.4 C you said based on 3.2 C
equilibrium climate sensitivity).
Such states may have prevailed in the distant past, but there is nothing
about the current Holocene
climate to suggest that more than a single
equilibrium is within range — we are not close to a new glaciation nor a new «hothouse
climate» (although the latter might become possible if continued greenhouse gas emissions were to remain unmitigated for a prolonged interval).
[¶]... Basing our assessment on a combination of several independent lines of evidence, as summarised in Box 10.2 Figures 1 and 2, including observed
climate change and the strength of known feedbacks simulated in GCMs, we conclude that the global mean
equilibrium warming for doubling CO2, or «
equilibrium climate sensitivity», is likely to lie in the range 2 °C to 4.5 °C, with a most likely value of
about 3 °C.
And that says nothing
about the fact that the
Equilibrium Climate Sensitivity is supposed to reflect the rise in temperature following an increase in atmospheric CO2, but what is estimated is the rise in temperature PRECEEDING an increase in atmospheric CO2.
Equilibrium climate sensitivity is likely to be in the range 2 °C to 4.5 °C with a most likely value of
about 3 °C, based upon multiple observational and modelling constraints.
Also note that
equilibrium climate sensitivity is
about half that implied by Earth Systems Sensitivity over the long term [many centuries].
But as yet does not seem interesting enough to make me think differently
about the contribution of increased anthropogenic CO2 to the
equilibrium climate sensitivity, or even the transient
climate sensitivity.
«greenhouse» gases in the atmosphere, since, as anybody but a
climate change advocate nut knows, heat rises, most will then waft back harmlessly up into space, as the earth, as all functions seek
equilibrium and homeostasis (those scientists believing that is a function of physiology and biology or entropy in a closed rather than open and single ended variant and changing input system don't know what they are talking
about) then shifts back into balance, which is really what it is doing all along, since
Say that CO2 doubles by
about 2150 — how long before the
climate has changed 95 % of the way, at the surface and lower troposphere, from where it is now to its
equilibrium?
The 20th and 21st centuries are jointly a transition between
equilibrium states, which is what we should be studying if we expect to be able to say anything useful
about the likely
climate profile of the coming century.
The
equilibrium climate sensitivity will be
about 50 % greater than this due to the ocean acting as a heat sink, so the ECS will be
about 3C, in line with the mean estimate from the models.
Girma, the
equilibrium climate sensitivity (estimated at
about 3C per CO2 doubling; or
about 0.8 C per W / m ^ 2) is not related to the rate of increase, but to how far the increase goes until the Earth is back in energy balance.
Consensus science, despite The Economist misinforming us to the contrary, finds
Equilibrium Climate Sensitivity to be
about 3 degrees Celsius for each doubling of CO2.
The 95 percent confidence range in this study was between
about 1 and 7 °C
equilibrium sensitivity, so very low and very high
climate sensitivities could not be ruled out, but are relatively unlikely, based on the historical record.
Speculations
about the magnitude of the
equilibrium climate sensitivity are useless for the purpose of making policy decisions.
The flat prior PDF is an example of a non-informative prior; it is non-informative
about the numerical value of the
equilibrium climate sensitivity within the range of
equilibrium climate sensitivities in which the probability density is constant and not nil.
In summary, GCMs provide another line of evidence that generally supports an
equilibrium climate sensitivity between
about 2 and 4.5 °C, and the GWPF justification for dismissing these estimates is incorrect.
However, the GWPF report only references the «main results» of Aldrin et al. (2012), whose study actually estimated
equilibrium climate sensitivity of
about 2.5 or 3.3 °C when accounting for cloud and indirect aerosol effects.
In summary, paleoclimate studies provide one line of evidence that supports an
equilibrium climate sensitivity between
about 2 and 4.5 °C, and the GWPF justification for dismissing these estimates is weak.
A lower ratio would yield a higher
climate sensitivity estimate — for a ratio of 0.6, the range would be 2.2 — 3.8 C. TCR involves an interval of
about 70 years, and so it is unlikely that a response to doubled CO2 would exceed 70 percent of the
equilibrium value in an interval that short.
Similarly, the
climate scenarios were based on 2xCO2
equilibrium GCM projections from three models, where the radiative forcing of
climate was interpreted as the combined concentrations of CO2 (555 ppm) and other greenhouse gases (contributing
about 15 % of the change in forcing) equivalent to a doubling of CO2, assumed to occur in
about 2060.
In view of what Leif Svalgaard says
about the smallness of solar variations I'm coming round to the opinion that virtually all
climate change that we observe is simply internal variability induced by the oceans and countered in the air all occurring around a relatively stable
equilibrium set by sun and oceans.
Or assuming
climate models are correct
about the delta in forcings, how long can the oceans buffer heat and push out
equilibrium?
L&S estimate the
equilibrium climate sensitivity to doubled CO2 from their model at «
about 1 - 1.5 °C or less».
Also, it is very clear (from the SOD) that there is little dispute
about the range of the TCR, but there is still uncertainty
about the long tail of the
Equilibrium Climate Sensitivity, which (according to the SOD) is still kind of determined by an «expert consensus».
Mark B What, you mean this bit:, we conclude that the global mean
equilibrium warming for doubling CO2, or «
equilibrium climate sensitivity», is likely to lie in the range 2 °C to 4.5 °C, with a most likely value of
about 3 °C.
Alternatively, you can take an estimate of anthropogenic effects (e.g. the calculated change in
equilibrium climate mean temp), and from that you can derive a conclusion
about the natural variation.
Therein you will find a lot of discussion
about discount rates, «leakage», using a U.S. SCC v. a global SCC, average ton of CO2 v. marginal ton, «
equilibrium climate sensitivity», and more.
Climate science is tied to the hip of Greenshirt and leftist interests and the best you get from Dr. Curry are vague and false
equilibrium about «politics».
Knutti and Hegerl in the November, 2008 Natural Geoscience paper, The
equilibrium sensitivity of the Earth's temperature to radiation changes, says various observations favor a
climate sensitivity value of
about 3 degrees C, with a likely range of
about 2 — 4.5 degrees C per the following graphic whereas the current IPCC uncertainty is range is between 1.5 - 4.5 degrees C.