Not exact matches
About KORAL Bar & Kitchen KORAL Bar & Kitchen, located in the Hyatt Regency Bellevue, is a «New American Kitchen» offering an upscale menu
of contemporary American cuisine in a
warm and inviting
atmosphere.
A
warm welcome and a bit
of encouragement are key to building excitement
about belonging to the vibrant and bustling
atmosphere that Sonnets Academy teachers and students create - together.
During the Eocene, the concentration
of carbon dioxide in the
atmosphere was more than 560 parts per million, at least twice preindustrial levels, and the epoch kicked off with a global average temperature more than 8 degrees Celsius —
about 14 degrees Fahrenheit —
warmer than today, gradually cooling over the next 22 million years.
But for planetary scientists, Jupiter's most distinctive mystery may be what's called the «energy crisis»
of its upper
atmosphere: how do temperatures average
about as
warm as Earth's even though the enormous planet is more than fives times further away from the sun?
Bowen says the two relatively rapid carbon releases (
about 1,500 years each) are more consistent with
warming oceans or an undersea landslide triggering the melting
of frozen methane on the seafloor and large emissions to the
atmosphere, where it became carbon dioxide within decades.
Its mixing ratio in the
atmosphere is lower than that
of CO2 (
about 4 parts per trillion ppt in 1990 versus 365 ppm
of carbon dioxide), its contribution to global
warming is accordingly low.
Experiments carried out in the OU Mars Simulation Chamber — specialised equipment, which is able to simulate the atmospheric conditions on Mars — reveal that Mars» thin
atmosphere (
about 7 mbar — compared to 1,000 mbar on Earth) combined with periods
of relatively
warm surface temperatures causes water flowing on the surface to violently boil.
One thing is already clear: A
warmer global
atmosphere currently holds
about 3 to 5 percent more water vapor than it did at the beginning
of the 20th century, and that can contribute to heavier precipitation.
They suggest that forecasts
of the global
warming likely to result from doubling the amount
of carbon dioxide in the
atmosphere may, therefore, have to be reduced by
about half.
The
atmosphere in the polar regions has
warmed at
about twice the average rate
of global
warming with Arctic coasts experiencing a rise in the occurrence
of storm surges.
So even without concerns
about the
warming effect
of carbon pollution in Earth's
atmosphere, the Paris agreement goes a long way toward reducing harmful air pollution worldwide.
He makes the point, for example, that when you are looking [talking]
about global
warming, when you're looking at the climate [and] the
atmosphere, you are talking
about in effect a good that belongs to all
of us.
If you don't know anything
about how the
atmosphere functions, you will
of course say, «Look, greenhouse gases are going up, the globe is
warming, they must be related.»
Then in 2003, William Ruddiman, a palaeoclimatologist at the University
of Virginia, suggested the advent
of agriculture 8000 years ago ramped up levels
of the greenhouse gas methane in the
atmosphere,
warming the world by
about 0.8 °C.
As I understand it (from the IPCC report and from Ramanathan en Feng, Sept 23 2008 in PNAS) stopping all emissions suddenly would cause
about 1.6 degree Celsius
of extra
warming, because short - lived pollution would quickly be removed from the
atmosphere.
The public, press and policy makers have been repeatedly told that three claims have widespread scientific support: Global temperature has risen
about a degree since the late 19th century; levels
of CO2 in the
atmosphere have increased by
about 30 % over the same period; and CO2 should contribute to future
warming.
Because the loss
of CO2 from the
atmosphere is temperature sensitive (higher temperature leads to more rain and more carbonate formation) but the source
of the CO2 is temperature insensitive (volcanoes do not care
about the surface temperatures), the whole cycle forms a net negative feedback cycle: higher temperatures will result in cooling and lower temperatures will result in
warming.
These so - called «modest hyperthermals» (meaning a rapid, pronounced period
of global
warming) had shorter durations and recoveries (
about a 40,000 year cycle) and involved an exchange
of carbon between surface reservoirs into the
atmosphere and then into sediment.
To start, a
warmer atmosphere creates more evaporation — for every 1 °F
of warming, the saturation level is increased by
about four percent.
For every 1 °C (1.8 °F)
of warming, the amount
of water vapor in the
atmosphere increases by
about 7 percent.
As mentioned in the introduction, the satellites which measure incoming and outgoing radiation at the top
of Earth's
atmosphere (TOA) can not measure the small planetary energy imbalance brought
about by global
warming.
The promise
of fusion eliminates the need to burn fossil fuels, accumulate greenhouse gases in the
atmosphere,
warm the Earth, and worry
about nuclear waste — instead, providing clean energy that uses ordinary seawater as a fuel.
In the comparatively brief time that methane is in the
atmosphere, it
warms the planet
about 86 times as much as the same amount
of CO2, according to the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change.
The public, press and policy makers have been repeatedly told that three claims have widespread scientific support: Global temperature has risen
about a degree since the late 19th century; levels
of CO2 [carbon dioxide] in the
atmosphere have increased by
about 30 percent over the same period; and CO2 should contribute to future
warming.
«Although seas have risen and
warmed, and the
atmosphere now holds more moisture, we can't yet draw definitive conclusions
about the influence
of climate change on Hurricane Harvey.
There's something uniquely appealing
about a rustic café, perhaps it's the scent
of espresso, soft music, and eclectic spirit
of the crowd — the
warm and inviting
atmosphere that'll make you want to stay for hours.
As a result, the surface
of the Earth receives almost twice as much energy from the
atmosphere than it receives from the Sun and the surface is
about 30 ° C
warmer than it would be without the presence
of greenhouse gases.
«When my friend from work told me
about HOPE, I went there and toured the school and the
atmosphere was just so friendly and, for lack
of a better term, I had a
warm and fuzzy feeling inside as soon as I walked through the door.
We are proud
of our
warm and welcoming
atmosphere where adults and children truly care
about each other and have fun while learning.
We are also very proud
of our
warm and welcoming
atmosphere where adults and children truly care
about each other and have fun while learning.
The
warm, small town
atmosphere is one
of the aspects we like most
about our practice.
Ollantaytambo is at least 600 m lower than Cusco and
about twice closer to Machu Picchu, which means that a
warm and spring - like
atmosphere will definitely be a relief after the high altitude chill
of the highlands.
To stand the best chance
of keeping the planetary
warming below an internationally agreed target
of 3.6 degrees Fahrenheit above preindustrial levels and thus avoiding the most dangerous effects
of climate change, the panel found, only
about 1 trillion tons
of carbon can be burned and the resulting gas spewed into the
atmosphere.
In Relationships between Water Vapor Path and Precipitation over the Tropical Oceans, Bretherton et al showed that although the Western Pacific
warmer surface waters increased the water in the
atmosphere compared to the Eastern Pacific, rainfall was lower in the Western Pacific compared to the Eastern Pacific for equal amounts
of water vapor in the atmospheric column — e.g.,
about 10mm / day in the Western Pacific, versus ~ 20mm / day in the Eastern Pacific at 55 mm water vapor, the peak
of the distribution
of water vapor amounts.
Without going into technical details
about the dynamics and thermodynamics involved in tropical storms and hurricanes (an excellent discussion
of this can be found here), the basic connection between the two is actually fairly simple:
warm water, and the instability in the lower
atmosphere that is created by it, is the energy source
of hurricanes.
--- ignorance
about atmospheric chemistry really shows here...... snip --- «Moreover, the CO2 that is supposedly causing «catastrophic»
warming represents only 0.00035
of all the gases in the
atmosphere (1.25 inches out
of a 100 - yard football field), and proposals to control this vital plant nutrient ignore a far more critical greenhouse gas: water vapor.»
Words only have meaning in context and while it may be true that water vapor is a greenhouse gas in the sense that more
of it in the
atmosphere will absorb more infrared radiation and
warm the climate, it is not a greenhouse gas in the sense that it is a gas we need to seriously worry
about adding directly to the
atmosphere.
In both cases, if you really care
about cutting risks
of the kind
of human - driven
warming that could last centuries, if not millennia, you also would do well to support research in technologies or practices that could suck carbon dioxide out
of the
atmosphere (See Cao and Caldeira's paper for relevant background).
The surface heat capacity C (j = 0) was set to the equivalent
of a global layer
of water 50 m deep (which would be a layer ~ 70 m thick over the oceans) plus 70 %
of the
atmosphere, the latent heat
of vaporization corresponding to a 20 % increase in water vapor per 3 K
warming (linearized for current conditions), and a little land surface; expressed as W * yr per m ^ 2 * K (a convenient unit), I got
about 7.093.
Heavier deluges are expected on a
warmer planet; each temperature rise
of 1 degree Celsius increases the amount
of moisture the
atmosphere can hold by
about 7 percent.
Now, if
warming also causes increased CO2, then we may be talking
about a positive feedback loop in which the
warming spirals upwards, which amplifies the
warming effect
of whatever CO2 we humans contribute to the
atmosphere.
Yes, most
of us really do understand the basic physics that dictate a doubling
of CO2 will
warm the
atmosphere 1 degree C. Please accept that beyond the fundamental laws however, there is a bunch more we are not as sure
about.
However, the observed energy imbalance at the top -
of -
atmosphere for this recent decade indicates that a net energy flux into the climate system
of about 1 W m − 2 (refs 2, 3) should be producing
warming somewhere in the system4, 5.
Basically, coal puts up a
warming gas (CO2) that lasts in the
atmosphere for hundreds to thousands
of years and we are hiding
about half
of its effects with a gas (coal smoke) that lasts in the
atmosphere for a few weeks.
So, as a result, it seems to me (again informally) that almost all educated people, including technically - educated people who have had considerable college physics courses, needlessly lack confidence in the pronouncements
of atmosphere and earth scientists
about the reality
of the global -
warming threat.
«Sunlight passes through the
atmosphere largely unhindered and
warms the Earth's surface; the
warmed surface radiates heat and some
of this radiation is absorbed in the upper
atmosphere and re-emitted,
about half
of the re-emitted energy returning to the Earth's surface.
That's
about 10 years worth
of current emissions from existing power plants alone, and enough to put a big dent in the remaining budget
of emissions we can dump into the
atmosphere and still have a reasonable chance
of avoiding 2 degrees C
of warming relative to the preindustrial era.
It's worth spending some more time on the National Academy
of Sciences reports on geoengineering prospects and concerns — the concerns mainly being
about adding sun - blocking particles to the
atmosphere to counteract global
warming driven by the buildup
of heat - trapping greenhouse gases.
Hundreds, perhaps thousands
of people, question Hansen's theory (given worldwide publicity by Al Gore's notorious movie)
about Carbon Dioxide in our
atmosphere being the MAIN cause
of whatever global
warming there is!
Thus we hear so much
about «down welling» re - radiation from the
atmosphere warming up the planet dangerously because humanity is releasing a certain amount
of CO2 that would not otherwise be in the
atmosphere.