Over the past 40 years, however,
society has gradually begun to
accept, if not embrace, the notion
of the female biologist, mathematician or engineer, and the number
of women in science
at all
levels has increased dramatically.
Recent research conducted in mainland China found that obesity prevalence was higher among children in wealthier families, 4 but the patterns were different in Hong Kong with higher rates
of childhood obesity among lower income families.4 5 Hong Kong, despite having a per capita gross domestic product
of Hong Kong dollar (HK$) 273 550, has large income differences between rich and poor as reflected by a high Gini coefficient
of 0.539 reported in 2016; approximately 20 %
of the population are living in poverty as defined by a monthly household income below half
of the Hong Kong median.6 It is widely
accepted that population health tend to be worse in
societies with greater income inequalities, and hence low - income families in these
societies are particularly
at risk
of health problems.7 In our previous study, children from Hong Kong Chinese low - income families experienced poorer health and more behavioural problems than other children in the population
at similar age.8 Adults from these families also reported poorer health - related quality
of life (HRQOL), 9 with 6.1 %
of the parents having a known history
of mental illness and 18.2 %
of them reporting elevated
level of stress.