Sentences with phrase «across ice surfaces»

The ice algae seem to be one of the major players in this scheme — even the slight increase of the atmospheric temperature and liquid water production seems to promote algae colonization across the ice surface.

Not exact matches

Spread a thin layer across the surface of the green ice cream, smoothing to cover it completely.

When you can drizzle the icing in stripes across the surface, and it takes a few seconds for those drizzles to dissolve back into the icing, the texture is right.

It started on a New Year's Day, with pomp, parades, bowl queens and quarterbacks in a traditional spectacle, and it ended hardly hours ago to the shush of skis across a hundred mountain slopes, the tranquillity of a year - end sunset seen from a thousand duck blinds and the last ice fisherman packing up his gear onthe frozen surface of Lake Minnetonka.

The thermodynamic model developed by VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland research scientists shows that under certain conditions ice warms and melts when an item of material slides across its surface.

When the team looked at the overall balance between the radiation upward from the surface of the ice sheet and the radiation both upward and downward from the upper levels of the atmosphere across all infrared wavelengths over the course of a year, they found that in central Antarctica the surface and lower atmosphere, against expectation, actually lose more energy to space if the air contains greenhouse gases, the researchers report online and in a forthcoming Geophysical Research Letters.

Crevasses 20 meters wide opened across its surface as the 600 - meter - thick ice below stretched under the seaward deformation.

The floating platforms of ice that ring the coast are thinning, glaciers are surging toward the sea, meltwater is flowing across the surface, fast - growing moss is turning the once shimmering landscape green and a massive iceberg the size of Delaware broke off into the ocean in July of 2017.

Year - round ice - free conditions across the surface of the Arctic Ocean could explain why Earth was substantially warmer during the Pliocene Epoch than it is today, despite similar concentrations of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere.

It used to be found only inside holes, but now it's scattered across the surface of the ice.

Year - round ice - free conditions across the surface of the Arctic Ocean could explain why Earth was substantially warmer during the Pliocene Epoch than it is today, despite similar concentrations of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere, according to new research carried out at the University of Colorado Boulder.

GLITTERING across the briny surface of newly formed sea ice, frost flowers are as bewitching to polar scientists as Homer's sirens — luring them and their instrument - laden sleds to the treacherous boundary between ice and sea.

On its flight across the Pacific — the first for a balloon — the four - man crew battled violent storms and a buildup of two tons of ice on the balloon's surface, forcing them at one point to hover just 4,500 feet above the ocean.

For both glasses, lay one end of a piece of string across an ice cube whose surface is about water level; let the other end of the string hang over the edge off the glass.

The rubble along the shoreline indicates that the ice mountains have drifted, moving across the more malleable nitrogen surface.

THIN ICE A patchwork of ice crystals swirls across the surface of a soap bubble as it freezes.

This ultra-thin ice encourages water molecules to essentially skate across it and colonize other areas of the surface, Zeng said.

SHELL FREEZES OVER Watch how differences in temperature across a freezing soap bubble's surface create currents that send ice crystals swirling.

After downloading a few files from his site and depositing them in my Celestia folder, I found myself staring at a blue planet, cloud formations swirling across its surface, its vast oceans punctuated with landmasses and polar ice caps.

Meanwhile, a team at Los Alamos National Laboratory has used another Odyssey instrument to reveal that subsurface ice seems to be distributed widely across the Martian surface.

Imagine a massive impact creating a wave of frozen ice and slush sloshing across the planet's surface, as though Jupiter had a few too many at a solar system pool party, tripped on Saturn's rings, and knocked the frozen margarita machine all over Mars» face.

«Our measurements indicate widespread ammoniated phyllosilicates across the surface, but no detectable water ice.

The data from Keck Observatory shows that peroxide is widespread across much of the surface of Europa, and the highest concentrations are reached in regions where Europa's ice is nearly pure water with very little sulfur contamination.

A new analysis of a Martian rock that meteorite hunters plucked from an Antarctic ice field 30 years ago this month reveals a record of the planet's climate billions of years ago, back when water likely washed across its surface and any life that ever formed there might have emerged.

Analysis of asteroid 24 Themis shows evidence of water ice along with organic compounds widespread across the surface.

Using its three main science instruments, Odyssey has mapped the global distribution of many minerals and chemical elements across the Martian surface, found evidence of large amounts of buried water ice near the planet's poles and measured the radiation environment in low Mars orbit, which could help NASA plan out future manned missions to the Red Planet.

At sites across the midsection of Mars, scientists have found layers of water ice buried mere feet beneath the red planet's surface.

Scrape and fold the ice cream across the surface of the salt until it sets up.

Every stage tests you differently, as you race on the edge of control across varying surfaces in a range of environments such as snow, ice, tarmac and dirt and as you tackle a variety of weather types.

Use a roller to apply a flat, opaque layer of paint, then try using newspaper, card, feathers or sponges to drag paint across the surface, or icing bags and syringes to squeeze out your paint in lines.

Peppermint Ice Cream (2010) features a mix of red, blue and black spray - paint covered with a thin layer of white that looks as if it is oozing across the composition's wood surface.

Maue discussed how «two camps» of researchers claim to have increased predictability of such weather events over periods of a month or more by using clues either in the Arctic, related to the extent of sea ice and snow cover, or in the temperature of surface waters across the Pacific Ocean.

«This is at odds with the flat ice surface that we were driving across - without these measurements we would never have known it was there.»

Newly formed ice lets meltwater spread more evenly across its glassy surface.

Polar ice advances and retreats, storm systems come and go, and surface currents meander across the oceans.

Surface meltwater can penetrate through cracks in the surface, and force them open, allowing large amounts of water to drain to the bed and spread out across the base of the ice sheet, lubricating it (Zwally et al.Surface meltwater can penetrate through cracks in the surface, and force them open, allowing large amounts of water to drain to the bed and spread out across the base of the ice sheet, lubricating it (Zwally et al.surface, and force them open, allowing large amounts of water to drain to the bed and spread out across the base of the ice sheet, lubricating it (Zwally et al. 2002).

(Ice sheet mass balance (MB) is the difference between surface mass balance (SMB) and solid ice discharge across the grounding line (DIce sheet mass balance (MB) is the difference between surface mass balance (SMB) and solid ice discharge across the grounding line (Dice discharge across the grounding line (D).)

Across the full surface of the Antarctic ice sheet, that error works out to plus or minus 175 km3 — plus about the same again for the sea ice extent.

Secondly, most of the ice that will melt and contribute to sea - level rise is currently closer to the spin axis than it would be if it were uniformly distributed across the surface of the planet... so, I am not sure it would lead to a shortening of the LOD but I am willing to be persuaded otherwise.

To name just a few of the climate impacts of the annular modes: the NAM is associated with large anomalies in surface temperatures and precipitation across North American and Eurasia, in the distribution of sea - ice throughout the Arctic, in sea - surface temperatures over the North Atlantic, and in the spatial distribution ozone in the lower stratosphere.

Thus, if you come across someone saying or writing things about trends that appear to wildly contradict mainstream science, be they talking about Arctic sea - ice, surface air temperatures or whatever, carefully check their starting point.

JF As an exercise for the reader, have a look at melting ice floe images and count up how many show a tail of obviously smoothed water across the water surface nearby.

Thermally incised meltwater channels that flow each summer across melt - prone surfaces of the Greenland ice sheet have received little direct study.

Global warming is predicted to give us longer, hotter summers, drier conditions across the US, more record temperatures, thinner arctic ice, and having it cover less surface area of the Earth.

Features of the model described here include the following: (1) tripolar grid to resolve the Arctic Ocean without polar filtering, (2) partial bottom step representation of topography to better represent topographically influenced advective and wave processes, (3) more accurate equation of state, (4) three - dimensional flux limited tracer advection to reduce overshoots and undershoots, (5) incorporation of regional climatological variability in shortwave penetration, (6) neutral physics parameterization for representation of the pathways of tracer transport, (7) staggered time stepping for tracer conservation and numerical efficiency, (8) anisotropic horizontal viscosities for representation of equatorial currents, (9) parameterization of exchange with marginal seas, (10) incorporation of a free surface that accommodates a dynamic ice model and wave propagation, (11) transport of water across the ocean free surface to eliminate unphysical «virtual tracer flux» methods, (12) parameterization of tidal mixing on continental shelves.