Sentences with phrase «across model ensembles»

Some features are common across model ensembles.

You could go further and talk about tuning to «emergent constraints» for climate sensitivity, observational metrics that are correlated with climate sensitivity when looking across model ensembles.

However, relationships between observable metrics and the predicted quantity of interest (e.g., climate sensitivity) can be explored across model ensembles.

Not exact matches

The plot details here are so ludicrous and complicated that you'd need some really good actors to put them across, and luckily Days of Future Past has two fine ensembles at its disposal: not only Jackman and the original X-Men cohort (including Patrick Stewart and Ian McKellen) but also the sleeker, more contemporary models last seen in the mediocre prequel X-Men: First Class.

However, despite the same range of ECS in the CMIP5 models as in the CMIP3 models, there is no significant relationship across the CMIP5 ensemble between ECS and the 20th - century ERF applied to each individual model (Forster et al., 2013).

We can derive the underlying trend related to external forcings from the GCMs — for each model, the underlying trend can be derived from the ensemble mean (averaging over the different phases of ENSO in each simulation), and looking at the spread in the ensemble mean trend across models gives information about the uncertainties in the model response (the «structural» uncertainty) and also about the forcing uncertainty — since models will (in practice) have slightly different realisations of the (uncertain) net forcing (principally related to aerosols).

More complex metrics have also been developed based on multiple observables in present day climate, and have been shown to have the potential to narrow the uncertainty in climate sensitivity across a given model ensemble (Murphy et al., 2004; Piani et al., 2005).

«CMIP5 models do not seem to reproduce this effect and the equivalent aerosol - CF forcing across the CMIP5 ensemble is basically zero.»

This is notable since CMIP5 models do not seem to reproduce this effect and the equivalent aerosol - CF forcing across the CMIP5 ensemble is basically zero.

but this is the full CMIP3 ensemble, so at least the plot is sampling the range of choices regarding if and how indirect effects are represented, what the cloud radiative feedback & sensitivity is, etc. across the modelling community.

The model's ensemble - mean EOF accounts for 43 % of the variance on average across the 40 ensemble members, and is largely similar to observations although the centers - of - action extend slightly farther east and the southern lobe is weaker (maximum amplitude of approximately 2 hPa compared to 3 hPa in observations; Fig. 3c).

This appears to be related to a poor representation of the spatial relationships between rainfall variability and zonal wind patterns across southeast Australia in the latest Coupled Model Intercomparison Project ensemble, particularly in the areas where weather systems embedded in the mid-latitude westerlies are the main source of cool - season rainfall.

The mean minimum ice extent in September, averaged across all ensemble members and corrected for forward model bias, is our projected ice extent.

The mean ice extent in September, averaged across all ensemble members, corrected for forward model bias is our projected ice extent.

Where precision is an issue (e.g., in a climate forecast), only simulation ensembles made across systematically designed model families allow an estimate of the level of relevant irreducible imprecision... In each of these model — ensemble comparison studies, there are important but difficult questions: How well selected are the models for their plausibility?

The frequency distributions across the ensemble of models may be valuable information for model development, but there is no reason to expect these distributions to relate to the probability of real - world behaviour.

Webb et al (2013)[ix], who examined the origin of differences in climate sensitivity, forcing and feedback in the previous generation of climate models, reported that they «do not find any clear relationships between present day biases and forcings or feedbacks across the AR4 ensemble».

As running simulation ensembles across systematically designed model families would require billions of dollars and thousands times more computing power — we simply decide subjectively what a plausible solution looks like after the fact.

In CMIP5 there is no correlation between aerosol forcing and sensitivity across the ensemble, so the implication that aerosol forcing affects the climate sensitivity in such «forward» calculations is false... The spread of model climate sensitivities is completely independent of historical simulations.»

While the time series of LLGHGs for the future scenarios are mostly identical across the ensemble, the concentrations of these gases in the 19th and early 20th centuries were left to the discretion of individual modelling groups.

For example in the case of Knutti et al. (2006), a strong relationship between current behaviour and equilibrium climate sensitivity, that is found to hold across a single model ensemble, has no skill in predicting the climate sensitivity of the members of the CMIP3 ensemble.

A large ensemble of climate model simulations suggests that the frequency of extreme wet - to - dry precipitation events will increase by 25 % to 100 % across California due to anthropogenic forcing.

Those results were fed into an ensemble of climate forecasting models, including the high - resolution RegCM3, which is capable of simulating daily temperatures across small sections of the United States.