Sentences with phrase «across the cell membrane in»

Voltage - dependent potassium ion (K +) channels (Kv channels) conduct K + ions across the cell membrane in response to changes in the membrane voltage, thereby regulating neuronal excitability by modulating the shape and frequency of action potentials.

Not exact matches

Choline's benefits are not just limited to maternal and infant health, and research shows that choline plays a critical role in cell membrane signaling, helps to regulate metabolism, and promotes liver and cardiac health across the lifespan.1

To help make ideas about energy more concrete, for example, the new unit will use a variety of analogies from more familiar physical systems (e.g., combustion and charging a cellphone battery) to help students understand those same energy - releasing and energy - requiring chemical reactions and energy transfer when they occur in living organisms (e.g., cellular respiration, creating a charge across a membrane in mitochondria and nerve cells) where the reactions are more complex and difficult to observe.

Mitochondria, specialized organelles found in nearly every cell of the body, use cellular respiration to generate one of the most important sources of chemical energy — adenosine triphosphate (ATP), a versatile nucleotide that powers everything from cell division to cell signaling to transportation of large molecules across the cell membrane.

Thousands of proteins reside in these cell membranes and control the flow of select chemicals, which move across the barrier and mediate the flux of nutrients and information.

They use charge in the form of ions to carry energy and information — ion channels control the flow of ions across cell membranes.

But it's hard in cell culture — and even harder in the body — to smuggle bulky PNAs across cell membranes.

To find out, the researchers shifted the voltage across the dendrite membrane of individual ganglion cells in a way that would favor inhibitory currents over excitatory ones.

To look for a possible protein responsible for transporting iron across cell membranes, postdoctoral researcher Hiromi Gunshin and colleagues at Brigham and Women's Hospital in Boston began by feeding rats a low - iron diet.

A few years ago, Jihye Yun, then a graduate student at Johns Hopkins University in Baltimore, Maryland, found that colon cancer cells whose growth is driven by mutations in the gene KRAS or a less commonly mutated gene, BRAF, make unusually large amounts of a protein that transports glucose across the cell membrane.

While the PS is moving across the cell membrane and looking for a stronger chemical signal, only a few molecules of the breaking protein Cdc24 are present in the machinery.

In this study, the team worked on a rhodopsin from a marine bacterium, which normally pumps sodium, as well as lithium, across the cell membrane.

Aquaporins have long been known to act as pores by transporting water across membranes in plants and animals, and they play critical roles in controlling the water content of cells.

According to a research team led by Thomas Hund, the key may reside in voltage-gated sodium channels, nanoscopic pores that control the flow of sodium ions across the heart cell membrane.

Long QT syndrome is caused by defects in ion channels, proteins that maintain heartbeat by controlling the flow of ions across the membrane of heart cells.

They discovered that earwax type was determined by a change in just one DNA nucleotide in a gene called ABCC11, which was previously found to code for a protein involved in transporting molecules across cell membranes.

In cancer research, the «Cas -9-sgRNA» complex is an effective genomic editing tool, but its delivery across the cell membrane to the target (tumor) genome has not yet been satisfactorily solved.

When fluid is pumped slowly across both sides of the membrane, replicating the flow of liquid along the inside and outside of intestinal tissue in the body, the seeded cells not only differentiate into the four types found in the small intestine, but form tissue that spontaneously folds, develops villi, secretes mucus and even supports microbes commonly found in the small intestine.

The following year, based on experiments in the giant squid axon, British biophysicists Alan Hodgkin and Andrew Huxley described how ion flow across the cell membrane generates the electrical spikes — called action potentials — that constitute these signals.

From there, it must sneak across cell membranes, escape the acidic environment of the cell's endosomes to find the nucleus, and then home in on the correct location on the DNA.

Broadly, the Kruse lab at Harvard Medical School is interested in how cells transfer information across their membranes.

SLC16A11 belongs to a family of genes known to transport molecules across cell membranes, but the proteins that genes produce can perform many different roles in the body, and they can be active in some tissue types but not others.

They spent those years examining and crossing off other factors for the change in fluorescence, such as pH, cell concentration and the voltage across cellular membranes.

Taking a walk in the forest, laughing with friends, doing Tai Chi or charging your chakras will do more for your chi circulation, bioelectricity (the electric potential across cell membranes) or photonic energy (light) than any biscuit ever will.

In addition, melatonin has the ability to diffuse effortlessly across membranes of our cells as well as the blood - and - brain barrier, making it a highly efficient antioxidant.

Because phospholipids can dissolve in both fat and water they can help fats and fat like compounds, such as fat soluble vitamins and hormones, to move across cell membranes.

When someone consumes folate in food, the body uses energy for absorption in the gut, and it passively diffuses across the cell membrane.

It helps regulate the correct acid - alkaline balance in the blood and the passage of fluids across cell membranes.

In a healthy body, the hormone insulin is responsible for enabling glucose (the simplest form of carbohydrates) to be carried across the cell's insulin - dependent membrane into muscle fibers and other cells.

Magnesium is a cofactor for several important enzymes in the body, like DNA / RNA polymerases, used to transcribe new DNA / RNA strands, and guanylate cyclase, used to regulate the movement of minerals across cell membranes.

[6] Proteins are also important in cell signaling, immune responses, cell adhesion, active transport across membranes, and the cell cycle.

Researchers hypothesize that menthol, one of the active constituents in peppermint, disrupts the movement of calcium across the cell membrane which is required for muscular contraction, causing intestinal smooth muscles to instead relax (Hills & Aaronson, 1991).

In fact, the process appears to be general for all polar (water - soluble) substrates, as transporters are the mechanism by which they are transported across the highly non-polar (lipid) cell membranes.

Sulfur enables the transport of oxygen across cell membranes and not only is oxygen needed for healthy cellular regeneration in humans, it is the lack of oxygen that helps cancer cells to grow.

Sodium and potassium help regulate water balance across cellular membranes, in order to protect cells against dehydration.

In plants as well as animals boron is essential for the integrity and function of cell walls, and the way signals are transmitted across membranes.

Magnesium also plays a role in the active transport of calcium and potassium ions across cell membranes, a process that is important to nerve impulse conduction, muscle contraction, and normal heart rhythm [3].

Fats play a vital role in maintaining cell membranes across multiple body systems, by making up the coating around nerve cells, ensuring adequate cholesterol - based hormone production, maintaining a normal skin barrier, and aiding brain health.

Cyanide results in damage at the cellular level because it inhibits oxygen across the cell membrane.

On the other hand, potassium losses in the watery stool can have serious consequences since potassium is one of two principal electrolytes needed in the propagation of an action potential across the cell membrane.