Researchers can help develop more reliable tests, but the choice of subject areas and the tradeoffs
across types of measures are matters of judgment.
Not exact matches
The best
measure of those preferences is the behavior
of market internals
across a wide variety
of securities, industries, sectors, and security
types, because when investors are risk - seeking, they tend to be indiscriminate about it.
The best guide we've found to
measure that psychological preference is the uniformity or divergence
of market action
across a broad range
of individual stocks, industries, sectors, and security -
types, including debt securities
of varying creditworthiness.
Trend uniformity
measures the broad internal action
of the market
across a wide range
of individual sectors, security
types, and gauges
of risk premiums.
The most useful
measure we've found
of that psychological inclination is the uniformity or divergence
of market internals
across a broad range
of individual stocks, industries, sectors, and security
types (including debt securities
of varying creditworthiness).
When investors are inclined to speculate, they tend to be indiscriminate about it, and for that reason, we've found that the most reliable
measure of investor psychology is the uniformity or divergence
of market action
across a wide range
of individual stocks, industries, sectors, and security
types, including debt securities
of varying creditworthiness.
Because risk - seeking investors tend to be indiscriminate about it, we find that the best
measure of risk - seeking is the uniformity
of market internals
across a broad range
of individual stocks, industries, sectors, and security
types, including debt securities
of varying creditworthiness.
After 3 months, the researchers drew blood samples from the monkeys, purified five different
types of immune cells, and
measured gene expression
across their entire genomes.
On Supplementary Fig. 36c, we show the number
of most informative genes (defined as the union
of genes with importance > = 0.1
across all the 13 models in the case
of the gene expression model, and the union
of the genes with importance > = 0.1
across the 3 models in the case
of TIN, with «importance» being a
measure computed by xgboost) with respect to each tissue and data
type.
Observations
of blue and red calibration standards
measured at various positions on the detector (Bohlin et al. 2017) confirm the fidelity
of the F814W flat, with aperture photometry consistent to ~ 1 %
across the FOV, regardless
of spectral
type.
We also find no differences
across school
types when we
measure the degree
of teacher autonomy.
The proper approach, as Rothstein notes, is not to ask whether all these
measures correlate with each other or over time or
across classrooms, but whether they lead to various
types of better student outcomes in a high - stakes, real life context.
This
type of misclassification helps tell us how well we can predict future
measured performance, and, to the extent that true teacher performance is stable
across time, it also provides information about how imprecise
measures may lead to classification errors.
We found significant variation
across district
type in the relative importance
of various placement
measures.
A global review
of the scientific research comparing different
types of education systems reveals that the most market - like, least regulated systems consistently outperform more centralized and regulated ones - by a ratio
of 15 statistically significant findings to one,
across seven different
measures of educational outcomes.
The CPS Assessment system contains 3 major
types of assessments
across all grades: Baseline to understand where students start the year, Formative to monitor progress over the course
of the year, and Growth to
measure progress by the end
of the year.
But while assessment tests were standard practice, there was substantial variation in the
types of other
measures used
across colleges and
across subjects.
In addition, it's more theoretically pure to use ems for
measuring type because it's a typographic measurement, and if you're already defining your content parameters in a typographic unit
of measurement and proportion, it makes sense to apply the same idea
across the rest
of your layout as well.
The Great Blue Hole
Of Belize measures 984 feet across; the world's largest natural formation of this typ
Of Belize
measures 984 feet
across; the world's largest natural formation
of this typ
of this
type.
Transform Races are new and unique stunt tracks that seamlessly transition
across land, sea and air, running the gamut
of available vehicle
types — everything from Supers and Off - Roads, to Boats, Planes, and Helicopters — and even some skydiving thrown in for good
measure.»
On top
of this base coat
of paint the artist
measured out and marked with pencil rectangular bands
across the width
of the canvas, into which she painted alternating duck - egg blue and pale peach «salmon - brick» colours using a different
type of acrylic, Liquitex, which gives a translucent and tempera - like finish.
It's calculated by dividing the total energy consumed by the building in one year (often
measured in kBtu) by the total floor area
of the building (often
measured in square feet), and can be useful for comparing performance
of buildings
across sizes,
types, and locations.
Powered by Google's massive computing cloud, the interactive forest map establishes a new baseline for
measuring deforestation and forest recovery
across all
of the world's countries, biomes, and forest
types.
& Process 75 (2010)(analyzing Supreme Court brief readability using Flesch Reading Ease, Gunning Fog, and Flesch - Kincaid tests, and reporting variation in readability for different
types of litigant and
across time periods); Ian Gallacher, «When Numbers Get Serious»: A Study
of Plain English Usage in Briefs Filed Before the New York Court
of Appeals, 46 Suffolk U. L. Rev. 451 (2013)(using Flesch Reading Ease and Flesch - Kincaid test to
measure readability and finding gradual reduction in readability from 1969 through 2008); Keith Carlson, Michael A. Livermore, & Daniel Rockmore, A Quantitative Analysis
of Writing Style on the U.S. Supreme Court, 93 Wash..
Scores on single - item
measures denoted the percentage
of audited street segments within a buffer with that particular attribute, while scores on multiple - item
measures represented the percentage
of the maximum obtainable score averaged
across audited street segments within a buffer.23 For example, a buffer consisting
of three audited street segments with respective scores on «presence
of people» (assessed by four items)
of 4 (representing 100 %
of the maximum obtainable score), 3 (75 %) and 3 (75 %) was assigned an aggregate score
of 83.3 % (ie, the sum
of 100 %, 75 % and 75 % divided by three).23 In addition, a diversity score was computed for recreational destinations indicating the number
of different
types of recreational destinations present in a participant's residential buffer.
More specifically, the
measures tended to demonstrate significant strengths
across the three
types of reliability (i.e., internal consistency, test — retest, and cross-informant associations) and the two
types of validity (i.e., concurrent / predictive and convergent).
Also, there is great variability
across the
types of health conditions with which we are concerned and therefore,
measures may be limited in their applicability within the field, even if they were developed for use with children with chronic health conditions.
AT MADE TO
MEASURE BLINDS we're often asked which
type of blind is the best value
across our whole range.