Sentences with phrase «activated cell signaling»

He has demonstrated, for example, that exerting a mechanical force on a cell can activate cell signaling.

A metabolic pathway that is up - regulated in certain breast cancers promotes the disease's progression by activating a cell signaling protein called Arf6, according to a paper published in the Journal of Cell Biology.

Not exact matches

She says, «Our new findings show that in the absence of embryonic movement the cells that should form articular cartilage receive incorrect molecular signals, where one type of signal is lost while another inappropriate signal is activated in its place.

«Our new findings show that in the absence of embryonic movement the cells that should form articular cartilage receive incorrect molecular signals, where one type of signal is lost while another inappropriate signal is activated in its place,» Paula Murphy, a professor of zoology at Trinity College Dublin who co-led the study, says.

Introducing human prostate cancer cell lines into mice, Wu and his colleagues saw a particular enzyme called MAOA activate a cascade of signals that made it easier for tumor cells to invade and grow in bone.

Joe W. Ramos, PhD, deputy director of the UH Cancer Center and collaborators focused on investigating how these oncogenes and related signals lead to dysregulation of normal processes within the cell and activate highly mobile and invasive cancer cell behavior.

This activates PD - 1 to send a signal that puts the T cell to sleep, making it oblivious to cancer.

Now, in a study published February 13 in Science Signaling, Lin's team discovered that a chemical compound that activates ATF6 also converts patient - derived stem cells into blood vessels.

They show that turning on this signaling hub activates the movement of the cancer cells.

This gives just enough time for light signals from the baseball to hit the batter's eye, work through the circuitry of the retina, activate successions of cells along the loopy superhighways of the visual system at the back of the head, cross vast territories to the motor areas, and modify the contraction of the muscles swinging the bat.

Together, these signals activate ADAR1, which edits specific RNA in a way that stabilizes a gene that can make cancer stem cells more aggressive.

Chinnaiyan and colleagues then conducted studies using cancer cells and found that the different FGFR fusion proteins all seemed to drive cancer cell proliferation by activating FGFR signaling.

Thus, signals coming from a given neuron provide information about odors that activate the specific receptor protein expressed by that cell.

By analyzing chemical changes of the IRS - 2 protein in immortalized cultures of human white blood cells, it determined that IRS - 2 appeared in two different forms — «on,» which allows the signal to pass through, and «off,» which stops the signal from activating the cells into M2 macrophages.

The new research, reported Nov. 25 in the Journal of Biological Chemistry, investigated the role of two proteins, GRB10 and p70S6K, in the control of the signaling pathway that activates M2 cells.

«Now that we know the cell of origin for Barrett's esophagus, the next step is to develop therapies that target these cells or the signaling pathways that are activated by acid reflux,» said Dr. Que.

GLP - 1 receptors are also found in the brain, and prior research has shown that activating them can boost the function of dopamine connections, act as an anti-inflammatory, improve energy production, and switch on cell survival signals.

In mice with pancreatic tumors, Kalbasi and other members of the team found relatively high levels of inflammatory compounds including CCL2, the signaling molecule that activates CCR2 on monocytes and macrophages to make these cells migrate to tumors.

In the new study, Bohn's group used cell signaling assays on a library of µ - receptor - activating compounds to find a few with hints of a bias toward G - protein signaling.

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is caused by immune cells that activate a cascade of chemicals in the brain, attacking and degrading the insulation that keeps neuronal signals moving.

A specific genetic marker influences response to therapy in the early stages of RA; a link thought to be due to the gene activating a cell - signalling protein involved in the inflammatory disease process.

In mammals, proteins called ion channels embedded in the cell membrane translate temperature information into electrical signals that activate nerve cells.

Consistent with previous findings, Apc suppression in the animals activated the Wnt signaling pathway, which is known to control cell proliferation, migration, and survival.

Half of all melanomas harbor an activating mutation in the BRAF gene that turns on the cancer signaling pathway in cells known as the MAP kinase pathway.

Thanks to this transmission route, human and animal cells respond to external signals and specifically activate selected genes in the cell nucleus.

When activated by inflammatory markers in the gut, it sends a signal to the brain, where immune cells produce proteins such as IL - 6, leading to increased metabolism (and hence decreased levels) of the «happiness hormone» serotonin in the brain.

Then there's the West Palm Beach symposium, held to recruit participants for a study testing what happens when aging people get infusions of plasma (the fluid part of blood packed with signaling proteins and other molecules but no red or white cells) from young people who've taken a drug meant to activate their immune system.

A cell signal pathway with constitutive activity requires no binding partner (ligand) to activate; instead, the signaling circuit continually activates itself.

Researchers at Boston University School of Medicine (BUSM), under the direction of Sam Thiagalingam, PhD, found that a protein secreted by BLBC cells, called periostin (POSTN), acted to nurture and support cancer stem cells by activating a distinct signaling pathway in these cells.

They then showed that removing Tregs from the skin significantly reduced Notch signaling in follicle stem cells, and that replacing Tregs with microscopic beads covered in Jag1 protein restored Notch signaling in the stem cells and successfully activated follicle regeneration.

When the CD4 on the CAR molecule binds to HIV, other regions of the CAR molecule signal the cell to become activated and kill the HIV infected cell.

Cytokines play important roles in cell signaling and the researchers were able to replicate the mechanisms that instruct the microglia to activate an anti-inflammatory response.

They focused on ItpkB because it is produced in HSCs, and the Sauer lab and others had previously shown that ItpkB controls a major signaling pathway in other cells that had been implicated in activating HSC.

Without it, NFAT initiates a negative regulatory program that activates genes encoding inhibitory cell surfaces markers and blunts signals received by the T cell receptor.

The enhancement of minis appears to provoke the postsynaptic neuron to release a signaling factor, still unidentified, that goes back to the presynaptic cell and activates an enzyme called PKA.

Dr. Gabriel Ferguson, a postdoctoral fellow in the lab of Dr. Martinez - Agosto and first author of the study, built upon the lab's previous research that utilized the blood system of the fruit fly species Drosophila, showing that a specific set of signals must be received by progenitor cells to activate their differentiation into cells that can work to fight infection after injury.

Neurons in the dentate gyrus activated shortly after the neocortex's signals were sent as if an echo, cells in the CA3 region «echoed» weakly and neurons in the CA1 actually became calmer when the neocortex fired.

The impulses cause glutamate (one of the brain's main neurotransmitters) to pop out of one nerve cell and travel across the synapse to activate the next by binding to its receptors, chemically active signaling stations on the cell surface.

By functionally linking the signal transduction of melanopsin to the control circuit of the nuclear factor of activated T cells, we have designed a synthetic signaling cascade enabling light - inducible transgene expression in different cell lines grown in culture or bioreactors or implanted into mice.

Protein interactions between niche glial cells and the stem cells activate the Hippo signaling pathway in the stem cells to repress growth and cell division.

When the level of dopamine drops, nerve cells that constitute part of the brain's «stop signal» are activated.

FosB is a transcription factor in the brain which, together with other molecules, is involved in so - called signal transduction (transmission of stimuli to the cells), that is to say conveys genetic information between the cells and also determines whether certain genes are activated or not.

Meanwhile, fertilisation of the egg cell activates its «ethylene signalling» pathway, which degrades the nucleus of the persistent synergid cell.

Kong and Crotty's team discovered that ICOS recruits the signaling TBK1 enzyme, which activates certain genes in Tfh cells, thus beginning the whole process of high - affinity antibody production.

In other organisms, there is instead a signaling mechanism: An embryonic cell receives chemical signals from neighboring cells that activate (or repress) the genes that allow for germ - line function.

When an external signal is detected by the cell, the other plasmid is also activated, leading to insertion of its sequences instead.

Normally, when the body detects an outside invader such as a virus, a signalling system known as the PKA pathway responds by turning on 99 genes that then activate T - cells to destroy the invader.

Like a cascade, after the first molecule in a pathway receives a signal, it activates another molecule and so forth until the cell function is carried out.

Scientists at The Institute of Cancer Research (ICR) used the cells of fruit flies, modified with a fluorescent marker that is activated when the cells are put under stress, to identify the signals responsible for driving up activity of the ER.

«Protection for the gut barrier: New approach may prevent graft - versus - host disease: Activating signal paths could protect patients from dangerous immune reactions after stem cell transplantations.»