Sentences with phrase «activation of the cell signaling»

Luteolin decreased activation of the cell signaling pathways Akt, PI3K, and CDC25c and ERK1 / 2 that are dependent on IGF - I.

Not exact matches

JCAR017 uses a defined CD4: CD8 cell composition and 4 - 1BB as the co-stimulatory signaling domain to mimic a «second signal» that amplifies the activation of CAR T cells, which according to Juno leads to a more robust signal to the T cell to multiply and kill the cancer cell.

«While transient disruption of this pathway may have therapeutic benefit because it temporarily «revs up» the immune response, permanent loss of PD - 1 signals seems to result in a «flame out» where T cells can't sustain higher level activation and become more dysfunctional,» Wherry says.

The group is now pursuing studies that couple the mechanical forces of a blast, or pressure wave, to the activation of chemical - signaling pathways in neural cells.

Pain signals reach the brain via the activation of sodium channels located in the membranes of nerve cells.

They exposed human and bovine cartilage cells to varying doses of lithium chloride over a 24 hour period and recorded the length of the primary cilia and the activation of Hedgehog Signalling.

The researchers found in a study in colon cancer cells that AIM2 limits the activation of the signaling molecule Akt.

They call this form of activation «non-ligand-dependent,» and in a complex series of biochemical and animal experiments, traced the pathway through which FER's binding to MET inside the cell sets off a cascade of cell - signaling events, all directly connected in prior research with cancer initiation, including RAC1 / PAK1 and SHP2 - ERK.

These results placed the resident OPC population in the focus of interest: what are the signals that control and enable the activation of these precursor cells in the adult zebrafish spinal cord?

A graduate student Anni Nieminen, the first author in the study explains, «In healthy cells dwindling ATP levels signals activation of AMPK, which tells the cells to save energy, for example, by stopping the cell proliferation.

To block this signal, recent clinical studies have focused on inhibiting the activation of the B - cell receptor as a treatment for non-Hodgkin lymphoma patients, but with variable success.

The team then detailed the signaling in this pathway, from cold - induced norepinephrine release, to upregulation of GADD45γ in brown fat cells, to the activation of ERRβ and another closely related protein, ERRγ, which turned out to be also prevalent in brown fat cells and relevant to thermogenesis.

In 2008, he joined the group of Caetano Reis e Sousa at the Cancer Research UK (CRUK) London Research Institute and later joined the Francis Crick Institute, where he was awarded Marie Curie and EMBO long - term postdoctoral fellowships to investigate innate immune receptors and signaling pathways that trigger dendritic cell activation and drive T - cell responses against viruses or tumors.

Originally, however, they were not examining brown fat thermogenesis, but instead were looking for clues to the function of ERRβ, a protein about which little was known at the time, except that it was closely related to ERRα, appeared in brown fat cells, and also worked as a so - called nuclear receptor — a molecular switch for gene activation that can be turned on by small lipophilic molecules or a signaling protein partner.

Without Caveolin - 1, the binding of viruses or bacteria to the B cell results in a reduced activation signal, which leads to a weakened immune response.

The sequence, called an ITAM (immunoreceptor tyrosine - based activation motif), encodes a piece of protein that can by itself signal immune system cells to multiply and go to work.

For a long time, scientists were convinced that GPCRs influence the activity of the cell via activation of various intracellular signalling cascades while sitting at the cell surface.

Second, NK cells churn out many different forms of signaling proteins, which can promote or suppress inflammation by aiding in recruitment and activation of other immune cells.

Their activation of innate immune signaling caused epigenetic changes that were absolutely necessary for the transformation of somatic cells into iPSCs,» explained Cooke, who holds the Joseph C. «Rusty» Walter and Carole Walter Looke Presidential Distinguished Chair in Cardiovascular Disease Research.

By blocking a specific cell signaling pathway in lab animals, researchers reversed signs of chronic immune activation, thereby boosting T - cell recovery and viral suppression.

I studied the process called signal transduction - transmission of the activating mechanical signal from outside the cell, across the cellular membrane, to FAK inside the cell, leading to the activation of the kinase.

The protein encoded by the PIK3C2G gene belongs to the phosphatidylinositol -4,5-bisphosphonate 3 - kinase (PI3K) family, which plays a critical role in cancer.28 Experimental evidence suggests that activation of PI3K signaling enhances production of COX - 2 and PGE2, which results in inhibition of apoptosis in colon cancer cell lines that can be restored with NSAID - mediated blockade of PI3K.29

In cell cultures and in mice LPA prevented signaling within cells, the appearance of molecules associated with T - cell activation, and proliferation of the T cells.

Reconstituted B cell receptor signaling reveals carbohydrate - dependent mode of activation.

These cells were shown to respond in vivo to agonists of the TLR family, and this response was dependent on activation of DCs and on IL - 12 derived from the activated DCs signaling the Vα14 iNKT cells.

Byron B. Goldstein was recognized for his contributions in the field of mathematical immunology and cell biology, specifically in modeling cell signaling cascades, pursuing cutting - edge research in cell activation, cell - signaling, cell surface receptor - ligand interactions, and the generation of allergic responses.

He uses the paradigm of nuclear hormone receptor activation / signaling and the contribution of this process to myeloid cell differentiation, function, and to diseases, involving these cells, such as atherosclerosis, tissue regeneration, metabolic, and various inflammatory disorders, as his model systems.

Lactobacillus accelerates ISCs regeneration to protect the integrity of intestinal mucosa through activation of STAT3 signaling pathway induced by LPLs secretion of IL - 22 — Qihang Hou — Cell Death and Differentiation

The alpha2 beta1 integrin provides a co-stimulatory signal required for mast cell activation, cytokine secretion and initiation of innate immunity.

Preliminary data we have now obtained further indicate that in somite cells, the activation of the NOTCH pathway triggers a «signalling module» that couples the initiation of myogenesis with the epithelial - mesenchymal transition (EMT) that allows them to migrate into the growing muscle.

Hypertonic Saline Primes Activation of the p53 — p21 Signaling Axis in Human Small Airway Epithelial Cells That Prevents Inflammation Induced by Pro-inflammatory Cytokines.

Palmitoylation - dependent plasma membrane transport but lipid raft - independent signaling by linker for activation of T cells.

Deletion of DGKζ from T cells results in prolonged TCR signal transduction downstream of DAG, resulting in enhanced activation of Ras, increased effector T cell proliferation, and amplified cytokine production, which leads to increased antitumor activity against s.c. implanted EL4 tumors or murine mesothelioma (12, 16, 17).

Adenoma (benign tumour) formation - driven by mutational activation of the Wnt signalling pathway in intestinal stem cells

The SDF - 1 / CXCR4 interaction stimulates tyrosine phosphorylation of CXCR4, followed by the activation of multiple G protein - dependent signaling pathways, which may be different among cell types.

Coligation of the B cell receptor with complement receptor type 2 (CR2 / CD21) using its natural ligand C3dg: activation without engagement of an inhibitory signaling pathway.

In human cells, mebendazole suppressed the formation of the primary cilium, a microtubule - based organelle that functions as a signaling hub for Hh pathway activation.

In one of the experiments, for example, activation of a particular signal at the correct time elicits the appearance of the mesoderm, endoderm and ectoderm — the precursors of all cell types — with a spatial organization similar to that of an embryo.

Ligand binding to inhibitory killer cell Ig - like receptors induce colocalization with Src homology domain 2 - containing protein tyrosine phosphatase 1 and interruption of ongoing activation signals.

A large Rab GTPase encoded by CRACR2A is a component of subsynaptic vesicles that transmit T cell activation signals.

Previous work demonstrated that loss of either DGKζ or Cbl - b results in enhanced activation of both Erk and NF - κB pathways in T cells after stimulation of the TCR (29); however, the relative intensity of signaling changes downstream of the TCR in T cells after loss of each protein has not been directly compared.

Unconventional ligand activation of herpesvirus entry mediator signals cell survival.

DGKζ, a lipid kinase, phosphorylates the second messenger DAG, terminating DAG - mediated activation of RasGRP1 and PKC - θ, whereas Cbl - b, an E3 ubiquitin ligase, facilitates ubiquitination and subsequent degradation of the p85 subunit of PI (3) K. Previous studies have evaluated numerous aspects of T cell biology in the two models (16 — 18, 25, 38), but the signaling and functional effects of DKGζ deficiency and Cbl - b deficiency in T cells had not been directly compared.

Although other reports suggest that T cells deficient in either DGKζ or Cbl - b demonstrate enhanced signal transduction downstream of the TCR (14, 16, 17, 25, 39), we show that DGKζ is more important than Cbl - b in limiting Erk activation in T cells.

Increased MAPK activation and impaired insulin signaling in subcutaneous microvascular endothelial cells in type 2 diabetes: the role of endothelin - 1

These findings suggest that activation of mTOR signaling contributes to tumor cell survival in ALK + ALCL, thus providing a potential therapeutic target in this lymphoma type.

Activation of Mammalian Target of Rapamycin Signaling Pathway Contributes to Tumor Cell Survival in Anaplastic Lymphoma Kinase — Positive Anaplastic Large Cell Lymphoma

Activation status of mTOR signaling proteins in ALCL cell tumors tumors.

Our older data had shown that the molecules B7 and ICAM could costimulate naïve T cell activation when expressed in isolation, but an efficient response, including high levels of CD40L, IL - 2, and short - term proliferation, resulted only when both B7 and ICAM were able to signal through CD28 and LFA - 1 at the same time (Dubey, 1995, J Immunol; Jaiswal, 1996, Int Immunol; Rogers, 1998, J Immunol).

To characterize activation of immune cells, measurement of intracellular signaling using phospho - specific antibodies combined with immune phenotyping using surface markers is ideal.