Sentences with phrase «activity of genes in»

:: Washington Post Bisphenol A can alter genes, study finds Bisphenol A, the widely used compound in polycarbonate plastic, has the ability to alter the activity of genes in normal breast cells in ways that resemble what is found in extremely dangerous breast cancers, according to a new study.

Most recently, research has shown that a certain set of these microbes may actually influence the activity of genes in your brain — and the parts they play are not small parts.

To that end, Kandel and his team gathered a sample of human brains and measured the activity of genes in that region.

This difference in the effect on ilp2 mRNA expression could result from the difference between completely removing the activity of these genes in the gbp1, gbp2 ex67 mutant larvae versus partial reduction of their mRNAs in the GBP1, GBP2 double knock downs.

Researchers have shown they can distinguish between viral and bacterial infections in children with fever by profiling the activity of genes in a blood sample.

This new DNA evidence directly measured the activity of all genes in the offspring of hatchery and wild fish.

They play a key part in regulating the activity of genes in many species, from yeast to humans Fewer than 10 years ago no one knew they existed

First, they measured the activity of genes in young adults as a reference point against which to monitor the aging process.

The results, which focus on two choices near the start of embryo formation, show that, when cells are making decisions about what to become, there is greater variation in the activity of the genes in different cells — the same genes may be turned on in some cells and off in others.

Rather than search for changes in genes themselves, Pipes and her colleagues took an indirect approach, looking for differences in the activity of genes in the foxes» brains.

Brains of individuals who died with Huntington's, Parkinson's or no neurological condition were analyzed using sequencing technology that provides a data readout of the activity of all genes in the genome.

We have identified hundreds of genetic variations associated with autoimmune diseases that appear to affect the activity of genes in specific regions of the genome, pointing to biological pathways that may be involved in disease and which, ultimately, may be treatable with medication.»

McCaffrey and his colleagues were trying to shut down the activity of a gene in living mice, using a completely new type of drug.

More recently, a common variable number tandem repeat (VNTR) polymorphism lying 1.2 kb upstream of the transcription initiation site of MAOA has been shown to affect transcriptional activity of the gene in transfected cells.

Not exact matches

Here's why: In the late 90s, technology emerged enabling researchers to rapidly sequence RNA and DNA — giving them the ability to isolate and record the activity of single genes.

It is the specific arrangement of nucleotides along the chain of DNA which determines what that gene will do; it is the specific shape in three dimensions of a protein molecule which determines what sort of enzyme activity it will exhibit, and there are many other examples.

What all these have in common is that, without any central control, individual units (genes, cells neurons or workers) respond to simple, local information, in ways that allow the whole system (cells, brains, organisms or colonies) to function: the appropriate number of units performs each activity at the appropriate time.

The disruption of prenatal cellular activity in zebra fish, which share 80 percent of their genes with humans and are considered a good model for studying human brain development, seemed to result in hyperactivity, according to the Canadian study, which was published Monday in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences.

Researchers in England have found that in trace amounts, they activate estrogen receptors in cells, which in turn alters the activity of certain genes.

Modifying a histone called H3K27 shuts down the activity of some imprinted genes in mice, Howard Hughes Medical Institute (HHMI) Investigator Yi Zhang and colleagues report July 19 in the journal Nature.

Various chemical modifications of these histone proteins will result in an increase or decrease in the relevant gene activity.

These included sites involved in regulating gene activity during brain development and initiating the transcription of genes.

By using this tool to analyze their data the scientists were able to catalogue active alleles in a comprehensive set of mouse tissues, or the mouse «Allelome,» and gain an insight into how this differential gene activity is regulated.

Their brains differed in the activity of over a hundred genes that provide cells with energy, influence chemical communications in the brain and strengthen the connection between nerve cells.

In SIF - seq, hundreds or thousands of DNA fragments to be tested for enhancer activity are coupled to a reporter gene and targeted into a single, reproducible site in embryonic cell genomeIn SIF - seq, hundreds or thousands of DNA fragments to be tested for enhancer activity are coupled to a reporter gene and targeted into a single, reproducible site in embryonic cell genomein embryonic cell genomes.

Studies involving mice also helped to answer a key question: What turns on the activity of the per and tim genes in the first place?

Genes keep working for a while after a person dies, and scientists have used that activity in the lab to pinpoint time of death to within about nine minutes.

In this special section of Science, expert contributors retrace the long and tortuous path leading to the mapping and identification of the BRCA1 gene; discuss the ways in which BRCA mutation status has been integrated into the clinical management of patients in high - risk families; and highlight the role of the BRCA proteins in preserving the structural and numerical integrity of chromosomes throughout the cell cycle, a function that may explain their tumor suppressor activitIn this special section of Science, expert contributors retrace the long and tortuous path leading to the mapping and identification of the BRCA1 gene; discuss the ways in which BRCA mutation status has been integrated into the clinical management of patients in high - risk families; and highlight the role of the BRCA proteins in preserving the structural and numerical integrity of chromosomes throughout the cell cycle, a function that may explain their tumor suppressor activitin which BRCA mutation status has been integrated into the clinical management of patients in high - risk families; and highlight the role of the BRCA proteins in preserving the structural and numerical integrity of chromosomes throughout the cell cycle, a function that may explain their tumor suppressor activitin high - risk families; and highlight the role of the BRCA proteins in preserving the structural and numerical integrity of chromosomes throughout the cell cycle, a function that may explain their tumor suppressor activitin preserving the structural and numerical integrity of chromosomes throughout the cell cycle, a function that may explain their tumor suppressor activity.

Crucially, this molecule seems to damp down the activity of a gene involved in glutamate signalling in the brain.

The archaic - like variants are associated with an increase in the activity of the TLR genes and with greater reactivity to pathogens.

In yeast, for example, they've found that increasing the activity of a single gene, called Sir2, can significantly extend life span.

The new compounds boost the activity of Sir2 in yeast and of an analogous gene, SIRT1, in human cells.

So they engineered fruit flies» genes to enhance or repress the activity of Rac in their brains and taught them to associate a smell with an electric shock.

In addition, future work is required to understand exactly how rs9349379 regulates the activity of the EDN1 gene despite the large physical distance that separates them.

Julius's team compared gene activity in different types of nerve cell from diamondback rattlesnakes, which all have shallow pits on their faces that detect heat.

Such relaxation techniques can boost the activity of genes involved in several processes beneficial to health, and they only take a few minutes each day to show results.

In the journal Cell on July 27, researchers show how this DNA variant enhances the activity of a gene called endothelin - 1 (EDN1), which is known to promote vasoconstriction and hardening of the arteries.

So Shaharyar Khan of Gencia Corporation in Charlottesville, Virginia, and colleagues wondered if boosting the activity of these genes might reverse decline.

«While these findings are specific to HD and PD, these two diseases are sufficiently distinct to suggest that the observed pattern of differential gene activity may likely be observed in other neurodegenerative diseases of the central nervous system, including Alzheimer's disease and Chronic Traumatic Encephalophathy (CTE).»

To get a better view of how this might occur, the researchers looked at gene activity in the anterior pituitary glands of foxes in a breeding program at the Institute of Cytology and Genetics in Novosibirsk, Russia, designed to study the evolutionary processes associated with domestication.

The team found that humans are equipped with tiny differences in a particular regulator of gene activity, dubbed HARE5, that when introduced into a mouse embryo, led to a 12 % bigger brain than in the embryos treated with the HARE5 sequence from chimpanzees.

This system plays a major role in the regulation of gene activity, and enables the selective expression of different functions in differentiated cell types.

«In contrast to RNA interference, which is commonly used to inactivate gene activity, the CRISPR - on system allows activation of cellular genes.

Base oxidation regulates gene activity In cooperation with colleagues at LMU, as well as researchers based in Berlin, Basel and Utrecht, Carell and his group have now shown, for the first time, that a standard base other than cytosine is also modified in embryonic stem cells of micIn cooperation with colleagues at LMU, as well as researchers based in Berlin, Basel and Utrecht, Carell and his group have now shown, for the first time, that a standard base other than cytosine is also modified in embryonic stem cells of micin Berlin, Basel and Utrecht, Carell and his group have now shown, for the first time, that a standard base other than cytosine is also modified in embryonic stem cells of micin embryonic stem cells of mice.

By tracking activity in almost all the genes of a free - living archaeon — which, like a bacterium, is a prokaryote — Bonneau was recently able to piece together how the genes affected one another's expression, enabling him to map the organism's «control circuit» as if it were a machine.

The new method may make some types of gene therapy easier and could be a boon for researchers hoping to control gene activity in animals, scientists say.

Because the prion - forming protein identified in the study normally functions as a regulator of gene activity, the researchers say their discovery raises the possibility that when it switches to a prion state, it could alter genetic expression and bacterial behavior.

A byproduct of the discovery of RNAi was the finding that although cells in the human body only contain one strand of RNA, they do have micro-RNA — tiny sections of RNA that can act a little like double - stranded RNA and also silence the activity of certain genes.

Much higher levels of gene activity were triggered in these experiments than scientists have achieved before, says Michael Hemann, a cancer biologist at MIT.

Prof. Khatri says the work still needs to be validated in a prospective trial, where the activity of these genes will be tested on samples from patients with suspected but undiagnosed malaria.