Sentences with phrase «adaptive radiation in»

The genomic substrate for adaptive radiation in African cichlid fish.

«We wanted to understand the role of species colonization history in regulating the interaction between the rapidly - evolving bacterium Pseudomonas fluorescens SBW - 25 and competing species and how that affected P. fluorescens adaptive radiation in the ecosystem,» said Jiaqi Tan, a research scientist in Georgia Tech's School of Biological Sciences.

«The Hawaiian honeycreepers are a classic example of adaptive radiation in animals, second only to Darwin's finches,» she says.

Nature 2014, 513, 375 - 381 — Nature News & Views Cichlid fishes are famous for large, diverse and replicated adaptive radiations in the Great Lakes of East Africa.

With a new analysis of two such adaptive radiations in the fossil record, researchers have discovered that these diversifications proceeded head - first.

Not exact matches

Together, the experiment and genetics show that adaptive radiation, at least in the vial, is due «to the most basic evolutionary processes: simple mutations and natural selection.»

Like Charles Darwin's famous finches, which evolved a wide range of beak shapes and sizes to exploit the different foods available in the Galápagos Islands, these cichlids represent a textbook example of what biologists term an adaptive radiation — the phenomenon whereby one lineage spawns numerous species that evolve specializations to an array of ecological roles.

That is among the conclusions in a new study testing the importance of «first arrival» in controlling adaptive radiation of species, a hypothesis famously proposed for «Darwin's Finches,» birds from the Galapagos Islands that were first brought to scientific attention by Darwin.

«They provide us with an echo of real ecological processes, like adaptive radiations, when an organism rapidly diversifies due to a change in environment or to fill a new niche,» O'Dwyer said.

The fast and furious adaptive radiation of honeycreepers rivals that of finches on the Galápagos Islands, another case study in how natural selection marches at double time in the confines of isolated islands.

These findings support the role of competition in models of community assembly, speciation, and adaptive radiations.

The study is believed to be the first rigorous experimental test of the role colonization history plays in adaptive radiation.

Among his hypotheses was that the birds were successful in their adaptive radiation — the evolutionary diversification of morphological, physiological and behavior traits — because they were early colonizers of the islands.

In future work Jiang hopes to study how the introduction of predators may combine with species competition to affect adaptive radiation.

Examples of adaptive radiation can be found in: the Galapagos finches, Australia's marsupials, Hawaii's honeycreepers and fruit flies, Madagascar's carnivores and other mammals, New Zealand's birds and the prehistoric flying pterosaurs.

Darwin also found evidence for his theory in examples of convergent evolution, co-evolution and adaptive radiation.

The birds are a textbook example of adaptive radiation, in which a single ancestor responds to a selective pressure — in this case, food availability — by diversifying into several species.

This allowed the group led by Ole Seehausen (head of the Fish Ecology and Evolution department at Eawag and Professor of Aquatic Ecology at Bern University) to provide strong evidence for his theory that hybridization between divergent species, in conjunction with ecological opportunity, can facilitate rapid adaptive radiation.

Across the large lakes of this region, the hybrid population then diversified in a process known as «adaptive radiation» (evolution of multiple new species adapted to different ecological niches).

«This is unique evidence of one of the most spectacular known examples of an incomplete adaptive radiation,» says Juan Francisco Ornelas, an evolutionary biologist at the Institute of Ecology in Xalapa, Mexico.

Prior to this I was a a post-doc in James Higham's lab at New York University investigating how the colourful face patterns of guenon primates were involved in the adaptive radiation of the tribe.

These results imply that predators are driving the evolution of phenotypic diversity in symbiotic defense traits in this system, and that divergence in defensive morphology may provide ecological opportunities that help to fuel the adaptive radiation of this genus of midges on goldenrods.

The process of adaptive radiation, in which one ancestral lineage adaptively diversifies into multiple ecologically distinct species, may underlie much of the diversity of organisms on earth.

This enemy - driven phenotypic divergence in a diversifying lineage illustrates the potential importance of consumer - resource and symbiotic species interactions in adaptive radiation.

In addition, the first conceptual paper on adaptive radiation therapy in Physics in Medicine and Biology, co-authored by Dr. Wong, was selected as one of the journal's 25 most important papers published in its 60 - year historIn addition, the first conceptual paper on adaptive radiation therapy in Physics in Medicine and Biology, co-authored by Dr. Wong, was selected as one of the journal's 25 most important papers published in its 60 - year historin Physics in Medicine and Biology, co-authored by Dr. Wong, was selected as one of the journal's 25 most important papers published in its 60 - year historin Medicine and Biology, co-authored by Dr. Wong, was selected as one of the journal's 25 most important papers published in its 60 - year historin its 60 - year history.

This phenomenon, commonly called adaptive radiation, means that the original (homogeneous) species eventually divides into subspecies that can be very different in physical appearance - so - called phenotypic differences - because they have been selected for and adapted to different habitats or specific niches.

There could be three evolutionary processes could explain this adaptive radiation of hominins: 1) the occupation of novel niches for species living in a highly productive but spatially constrained region when there are deep fresh water lakes in the EARS [46] and 2) the lakes themselves creating spatial structure producing population isolation and vicariance and 3) repeated periods of increased resource availability stimulated adaptation and radiation followed by periods of environmental stress when the lakes rapidly dried up imposing strong selection pressures [28].

Adaptive - radiation studies have focused on resource competition, but enemies drive phenotypic diversity in gall midges

One of many branches of the major explosion of adaptive radiation that occurred in the wake of the Permian extinction event.