The more the world delays rapid reductions in fossil fuel burning, he argues, the more it will need to
offset additional carbon emissions by sequestering atmospheric carbon, either through massive reforestation projects, or with geo - engineering technology such as direct air capture, which involves literally sucking the CO2 back out of the atmosphere.
The paper joins other academic research focused on the social cost of carbon, a measure used in climate regulations that estimates the total cost of future damage from
additional carbon emissions.
Meeting this demand without causing extensive air pollution or
additional carbon emissions will require expanded use of nuclear power.
If half are closed and replaced with natural gas,
the additional carbon emissions would be the equivalent of adding roughly 50 million cars to the road.
Consistent with recent observations and simulations, the West Antarctic Ice Sheet becomes unstable with 600 to 800 GtC of
additional carbon emissions.
But this one consideration — the damages associated with
the additional carbon emissions of oil sands oil — is effectively accomplished by denying the pipeline application.