In
addressing this interest, both courts acknowledged that a state has an interest in: (i) preserving life in general; (ii) preventing deaths that occur as a result of errors in
medical or legal
judgment; (iii) preventing exercise of undue, arbitrary, and / or unfair influences over an individual's decision to end his / her life; (iv) safeguarding interests of innocent third parties such as minor children and other family members; (v) assuring the integrity of the
medical profession; and (vi) avoiding the adverse consequences that might ensue if physician - assisted suicide were declared a fundamental right.
A sharply divided panel of the Seventh Circuit, led by Judge Posner,
addressed the issue of such research in deciding an appeal by a pro se prisoner alleging his civil rights had been violated by inadequate
medical treatment.21 Judge Posner's majority opinion reversing the
judgment below cited facts from various extrarecord
medical websites, including Wikipedia.