Excuse me, but those who complain about
adjusting buoy data up 0.12 C to the level of ship data, e g Patrick Michaels, Richard Lindzen and Chip Knappenberger (and You Judith?)
Adjusting the buoys (not the ships) produced a spurious warming after 1980, even though it left the longer trend intact.
And again, it doesn't matter whether
you adjust buoys up or ships down, however weighted.
I think you are falling for the fallacy that seems to have afflicted even Bates, that somehow it matters whether
you adjust buoy to ship or ship to buoy.
The question is whether in the final analysis, the raw buoy data bore any resemblance to
the adjusted buoy data.
This was the whole point of the initial arguments in my comment - I was putting clear blue water between the bias adjustment stage and the weighting stage so that we could see how the weighting leveraged the already upwardly
adjusted buoy data in each 2 ° x 2 ° monthly bin by 6.8.
Only then was the averaging of the two sets performed in each bin with the effect being that the increased proportion of upwardly
adjusted buoy data had far more influence on that average than it would otherwise have done.
Not exact matches
They recalled the «Greenspan put» and the tendency of Yellen's predecessor, Ben Bernanke, to seemingly
adjust monetary policy to
buoy stock prices.
It doesn't matter for the anomaly trend, if ships are
adjusted down by 0.12, or
buoys are
adjusted up by 0.12.
Although
buoy SSTs are generally more homogeneous than ship SSTs, they are
adjusted here because otherwise it would be necessary to
adjust ship SSTs before 1980 when there were no or very few
buoys.
This bias must be corrected and it makes no difference to the trend if you either
adjust the ship data down, or the
buoy data up, since the trends in both of those sets is the same.
The scientific issue is simple: NOAA made a colossally bad judgement in
adjusting the accurate surface
buoy data to the wildly inaccurate ship data.
Whether you
adjust the ship or the
buoys will give the same result.
In addition to the ship SST bias adjustment, the drifting and moored
buoy SSTs in ERSST.v4 are
adjusted toward ship SSTs, which was not done in ERSST.v3b.
There is no spurious warming due to the chosen practice, «As expected, the global averaged SSTA trends between 1901 and 2012 (refer to Table 2) are the same whether
buoy SSTs are
adjusted to ship SSTs or the reverse.»
That applies whether you
adjust intake or
buoy.
Scientists had been testing water temperatures to make the case for global warming and Karl decided to
adjust the readings from the
buoys by using higher temperature readouts of sea water collected by ships.
Between 1995 and 2001, the trends in the unadjusted data lie at the lower end of the distribution of the trends in the
adjusted series reflecting the rapid increase in the number of relatively - cold - biased
buoy observations in the record at that time.
Where admitted very poor and very dodgy data from ships buckets and engine inlets is used to
adjust reliable ocean
buoy data upwards and then the
adjusted data is promoted as the new global temperature data.
In a rather bizarre manner that non-biased scientists would not employ, this study massively
adjusted up the ocean
buoy temperature measurements in order to match the ship records of engine water intake temperature; yet the
buoys were designed to measure surrounding sea temperatures, and the engine intakes were not.
It has been noted by investigators that the algorithms used for
adjusting satellite observed SST data has been inconsistent, cloud coverage has limited the adequacy of satellite coverage, and in - situ measurements by VOS and
buoy networks has been inadequate with respect to the datasets produced by the Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometers (AVHRR), Cross Product Sea Surface Temperature (CPSST), Non-Linear SST (NLSST), and Multi-Channel Sea Surface Temperature (MCSST) methods.
weighted almost 7 times in favour» is, on closer analysis, a 7 times compounding of the upwardly
adjusted 0.12 °C
buoy data.
The ship SSTA was
adjusted based on the NMAT comparators;
buoy SSTA was
adjusted by a mean difference of 0.12 °C between ship and
buoy observations (section 5).
Everyone including Bates clearly knows that
buoy data was used (after all, it had to be included as a starting point in order to
adjust it upwards).
Sure the
buoy data was weighted heavily — AFTER it was
adjusted against the ship intake data.
To see that, suppose you
adjusted the ship data down by 0.12 to match
buoys.
In other words, the number of
buoy SSTA data points in each 2 ° x 2 ° monthly bin was multiplied «almost 7 times» meaning that each and every
buoy SSTA data point that had by now been
adjusted up by 0.12 °C was then reproduced 7 times over in each and every bin.
Ships are back to where they were, and
buoys have been
adjusted up.
This of course served only to increase the proportion of (upwardly
adjusted)
buoy SSTA data to ship SSTA data.
The more recent changeover from engine - room intake to
buoy measurements requires ocean temperatures recorded over the past 20 years or so to be
adjusted slightly to match the earlier measurements.
[snip] As it is a known fact argo
buoys were
adjusted because were showing a too pronounced cooling of the seas which didn't agree with their «models».
That ship data should be the data
adjusted by the HadNMAT, I think, and that would make a connection between HadNMAT2 and
buoy data adjustments.
The study did so in part by
adjusting for «biases» in the historic data; it pointed out, for example, that the thermometers affixed to modern
buoys have been shown to produce lower temperature readings than those carried by ships.
Today, NOAA has
adjusted its records to give more weight to the
buoys, which have a standard suite of data collecting instruments situated in locations all over the world — and therefore have far fewer variables than a changing shipping fleet.
The methodology and utilization of night marine air temperatures to
adjust ship and
buoy temperature data;