But as we do not know the character of any
aliens out there, and as it is difficult to put a value on the benefits to science,
culture and technology of finding an
advanced civilisation, de Vladar varied the reward of finding
aliens and the cost of hostile
aliens finding us.
Advances in tissue
culture, molecular markers, and genomics offer new potential to broaden the gene pool of rice by tapping the genetic variability hidden in the wild species and further enhance the efficiency of
alien gene introgression.