Earlier studies haven't found this to be the case, but they were plagued by self - selection: Women with
more advanced tumors tend to avoid having babies, so those who did become pregnant may have had a better average prognosis.
Moreover, many human tumors have highly abnormal numbers of chromosomes (that is, they are aneuploid), with initial chromosomal loss participating in the early steps of the transformation cascade in inherited cancers caused by heterozygous mutation in tumor suppressor genes and the more widespread aneuploidy characteristic
of advance tumors thought to drive acquisition of malignant growth properties.??
Some tumors (called
locally advanced tumors) will get through the prostate capsule and in this way could propagate throughout the body.
Based on their findings, the researchers say that phenformin would be most useful in treating early - stage LKB1 - mutant NSCLC, as an adjuvant therapy following surgical removal of a tumor, or in combination with other therapeutics
for advanced tumors.
The researchers studied mammary tumors in mice caused by the over production of a protein called Wnt1, which is secreted by tumor cells and is needed to
advance tumor growth.
The team analyzed 43 human prostate cancer tumors and found a higher proportion of low - PSA cells in
more advanced tumors.
Semenza says scientists have long known that low oxygen environments affect tumor growth, but, in the case
of advanced tumors, there was a paradox.
Small and localized tumors are treated with surgery, and
advanced tumors are treated with chemotherapy, radiotherapy or combinations.
«Now we can compare what is different between the patient's normal and cancerous cells, and what changes when the cancer cells are allowed to morph into
an advancing tumor,» he says.
One group of small, non-coding RNA molecules could serve as a marker to improve cancer staging and may also be able to convert
some advanced tumors to more treatable stages, report a University of Chicago - based research team in the April 1, 2008, issue of the journal Genes & Development.
Stone participated in a clinical trial that shrank
her advanced tumor down to nothing, allowing her to undergo a minimally invasive surgery.