Sentences with phrase «adversity factors»

Table 2.4 Distribution of the number of adversity factors * in the Family Adversity Index in the Sample Population

Figure 2 - F Percentage of children with poor health behaviours according to number of family adversity factors

Figure 2 - E shows that the prevalence of poor health among children aged 4 - 5 increased with a greater number of family adversity factors, although the pattern of this increase varied somewhat across health outcomes.

Table 2.4 shows the distribution of the number of adversity factors in the survey population.

We examined associations between these eight individual family adversity factors and child health and health behaviours using multivariate analyses 6.

Depression and attachment insecurity of the primary caregiver and more distal family adversity factors (such as incomplete schooling or vocational training of parents, high person - to - room ratio, early parenthood, and broken - home history of parents) were found to best predict inadequate parenting13, 14 and precede the development of a child's low compliance with parents, low effortful control, and behavior problems.13, 15, — , 17 These psychosocial familial characteristics might also constrain the transfer of program contents into everyday family life and the maintenance of modified behaviors after the conclusion of the programs.

In particular, a high number of family adversity factors and maternal depression significantly predicted long - term failure, and maternal insecure - avoidant attachment attitude showed a trend in this direction.

Social adversity factors include marital problems, maternal depression, socioeconomic disadvantage, poor social support, and negative life stresses.

Many Chinese immigrant families served by these providers shared a number of social adversity factors that might impact on parent - child relationship and parenting outcomes [21][33].

These social adversity factors include socioeconomic disadvantage, poor social support, and negative life stress.

The results showed that each individual adversity factor had a statistically significant association with one or more of the child health and health behaviour outcomes, even after controlling for the effect of other family adversity measures.

Not exact matches

Psychologists have long maintained that grit — courage and firmness in the face of hardship — is the single biggest factor to overcoming obstacles, setbacks, challenges and adversity.

Psychological distress (anxiety, depression, childhood adversity) may be a risk factor for IBS (but stress can contribute to IBD flare - ups).

There's lots of evidence out there that suggest that one of the most intensely motivating factors for children in general, but I think especially kids who are growing up in adversity, is a sense of connection.

The researchers identify the possible risk factors for depressive symptoms at four years postpartum, including previous depression, relationship transitions, intimate partner violence and social adversity.

I think that other factors like the size of the country, non-mandatory voting, news consumption habits, and a general apathy within a country that has been shielded from extreme adversity for a long time would have more to do with turnout.

«It's important to be clear that childhood adversity is one factor interrelated with many others, including low wages, insufficiently and inequitably funded education systems, racism and discrimination, lack of safe and affordable housing and an inadequate safety net.»

«This is not to say that all ADHD is due to social adversity rather than biological factors,» she added.

Not all children who grow up facing adversity develop diseases of the heart and blood vessels, a finding that suggests the existence of a range of biological, environmental, cultural and social factors that may help reduce risk and prevent disease development.

They measured total socioeconomic adversity by weighing factors such as average parental education, family economic hardship, family make - up and employment status.

The Italian researcher faced prejudice and adversity as a woman and as a Jew, but went on to elucidate a growth factor essential to the survival of nerve cells

«Even after accounting for age, race, sex and other early adversities such as parental addictions, childhood physical abuse was still associated with a six-fold increase in the odds of dyslexia» says co-author Esme Fuller - Thomson, professor and Sandra Rotman Endowed Chair at University of Toronto's Factor - Inwentash Faculty of Social Work.

Resilience is part of The Compass Advantage ™ (a model designed for engaging families, schools, and communities in the principles of positive youth development) because the capacity to rebuild and grow from adversity is a key factor in achieving optimal mental and physical health.

A secondary interest is to develop a better understanding of the factors that predict resilience in the face of adversity.

In a three - part video series by the Centre on The Developing Child at Harvard University, they offered an overview of resilience, the science behind overcoming adversity as well as the factors that build resilience.

The premium for health insurance depends on factors like plan type, tenure of the plan, age, health adversities if any, Sum Insured, number of members covered, etc..

The second literature review then investigated factors associated with successfully working with families experiencing adversity.

The xTEND project enabled the establishment of a unique set of mental health - related data from two large community samples across rural and urban regions of New South Wales in which to explore the role of community and interpersonal networks, adversity and depression as potential risk factors for suicide and poor physical and psychological outcomes.

Consequently, little is known about not only whether resilience directly affects partners» psychological distress but also whether resilience can function in protecting partners» mental health even in adversity, such as encounters with risk factors shown in current evidences.

Pediatricians have the opportunity to screen for risk factors for adversity, to identify family strengths that are protective against toxic stress, and to provide referrals to community organizations that support and assist families in economic stress.

We test three models: (a) Factors that propel men into combat also make them poor marriage material; (b) combat causes problems such as post-traumatic stress symptoms or antisocial behavior that increase marital adversity; and (c) combat intensifies premilitary stress and antisocial behavior that then negatively affect marriages.

Family level factors were assessed at age 5 months, including family adversity (single parent family, low parental education and age at birth of first child, and insufficient income) and harsh reactive parenting (assessed using three self - rated items from the Parental Cognitions and Conduct Toward the Infant Scale).

Moreover, the effects of early adversity are moderated by a wide range of factors, from genes to community - level social support.

Rutter & Quinton (1977) found that factors existing in children's social environment were linked to health - risk behaviors later in life, and were the first researchers to describe neglect, abuse, and other forms of maltreatment (what would later be considered adverse childhood experiences, or ACEs) in terms of their cumulative effect, range of adversity, and wide - reaching impact on both mental and physical health over the course of an individual's lifetime.

Recent examinations into the outcomes of childhood trauma have resulted in findings that demonstrate the notion that extreme childhood adversity is not only linked to undesirable juvenile and adult behaviors, but that there is also an intergenerational risk factor associated with adverse experiences at a young age (e.g., Bifulco et al., 2002; Chartier, Walker, & Naimark, 2010; Felitti et al., 1998; Gregorowski & Seedat, 2013; Mersky, Topitzes, & Reynolds, 2013; Sameroff, 2000).

In accordance with Laucht et al, 27 we dichotomized the distribution into low family adversity (0 or 1 risk factor present) and high family adversity (≥ 2 risk factors).

Based on the overall pattern of odds ratios for poor health and illness, there was some support for the hypothesized relationship between the extent of exposure to adverse factors and negative health outcomes (ie, odds ratios tended to increase relative to 1 vs 0 to ≥ 4 vs 0 adversities).

Membership in a single - parent family or stepfamily is associated with increased levels of significant behavioral, emotional, and academic problems in children.1, 2 The mechanisms underlying this connection are likely to involve, among other factors, financial adversity, increased stress directly related to family transitions, and increased exposure to additional psychosocial risks.3, 4 Compared with the extensive research base connecting family type (ie, membership in a 2 - parent biological family, stepfamily, or single - parent family) and children's psychological adjustment, little is known about the physical health consequences of membership in diverse family types.

There is, for example, evidence for a link between family stress and compromised immuno - functioning in adults and to a lesser degree in children.28 Regardless of the factors that increase exposure to adverse social circumstances, the source of social adversity did not arise from crowding, financial strain, and low education, because these variables were also included in the analysis.

Resilience research has identified several mechanisms by which protective and vulnerability factors operate to increase or decrease the probability of competence in contexts of adversity, respectively.11 As noted previously, sensitive caregiving engenders adaptive neurobiological, behavioural, and cognitive organization in early childhood.4, 8 Thus, positive relationships contribute to resilient adaptation by promoting resources, such as self - esteem, self - efficacy and coping capacities.

Even in contexts of extreme adversity, such as out - of - home placement, supporting a positive caregiver - child relationship is vital to successful intervention in infancy and early childhood.24 To that end, several factors are central to support the relational roots of resilience.

Resilience in the face of adversity: Protective factors and resistance to psychiatric disorder

The second contrast tested the prediction that the adult - depressed and never - depressed groups would not differ significantly on the early childhood risk factors because the effects of childhood adversity on depression onset decline with age.14 The third contrast compared the juvenile - depressed and juvenile / adult — depressed groups on the early childhood risk factors.

When examining suicidal behaviour, risk in the context of childhood adversity, sexual abuse, physical abuse and parental divorce emerged as significant risk factors for lifetime suicide attempts in the total sample.

It may be possible to develop improved interventions for individuals who are at high risk for suicide by identifying combinations of risk factors that are associated with the onset of suicidal behavior.2 Prospective epidemiological research can facilitate the identification of such patterns by assessing a wide range of childhood adversities, interpersonal difficulties during middle adolescence, and suicidal behavior during late adolescence and adulthood.

Although ongoing advocacy efforts to address childhood adversity and to prevent the potential precipitants of toxic stress responses are certainly warranted, so are efforts to improve the capacity of caregivers and communities to promote the safe, stable, and nurturing relationships that assist in turning off the child's physiologic stress in response to adversity.59, 64 However, preliminary data indicate that the level of adversity and risk factors in mothers participating in home visiting programs is very high (oral communication between C. Blodgett and co-guest editors, June 2013).

Although this is the first prospective longitudinal study to investigate this mediational hypothesis in a systematic manner, our findings are consistent with previous findings indicating that disruption of interpersonal relationships is a predominant risk factor for suicide10, 13,49 and that interpersonal conflict or separation during adulthood partially mediated an association between neglectful overprotective parenting and subsequent suicide attempts.23 The present findings are also consistent with research indicating that stressful life events mediated the association between childhood adversities and suicidal behavior during adolescence or early adulthood, 8 that suicide is multidetermined, 2 and that youths who experience numerous adversities during childhood and adolescence are at a particularly elevated risk for suicide.18, 22,49

Resilience The work on resilience is particularly relevant for foster children because it examines the factors that allow some children faced with severe adversities to «overcome the odds» and become successful at a variety of developmental and life - adjustment tasks.29 Several characteristics of children and their environments may compensate for the high - risk situations with which they must contend, leading to more positive outcomes.

DNA methylation as a mediator of the association between prenatal adversity and risk factors for metabolic disease in adulthood

It has also been shown that while isolated individual risk factors may not have a significant effect on parent - child attachment, the accumulation of adversity may result in sub-optimal relationship development and insecurity of infant attachment [12].