Sentences with phrase «aerosols did»

In suggesting climate shifts as the cause, the authors offer no physical explanation as to why the warming sun and cooling aerosols didn't have their expected effect?

On the other hand, theory shows that sulfuric acid / water aerosols are not stable by themselves requiring amines to stabilize and measurements with an atmospheric pressure inlet time of flight mass spectrometer showed that the intermediate aerosols did incorporate amines.

Assuming that radiative forcing due to aerosols did not level off in 1975, then why did temps take off then?

Furthermore, if aerosols did have such a dramatic cancelling effect at the onset of WWII and during the following decades, is aerosol cooling part of the temperature models?

In the tug of war, aerosols don't necessarily counter the impacts of climate change on sea ice (or the planet as a whole for that matter).

The aerosols don't affect the intrinsic sensitivity, but they are very important for the transient solutions, as are the other GHGs and volcanoes and solar etc. - gavin]

The aerosols don't affect the intrinsic sensitivity, but they are very important for the transient solutions, as are the other GHGs and volcanoes and solar etc. - gavin]

I'm pretty sure you can get the grey version of that into a strat - cooling / trop - warming situation if you pick the strat absorbers right, but Andy is certainly right that non-grey effects play a crucial role in explaining quantitatively what is going on in the real atmosphere (that's connected with the non-grey explanation for the anomalously cold tropopause which I have in Chapter 4, and also with the reason that aerosols do not produce stratospheric cooling, and everything depends a lot on what level you are looking at).

Next, regions that today produce massive amounts of aerosols don't show cooling at all.

The IPCC people must have seen all this and still somehow concluded that anthropogenic aerosols do have a strong cooling effect.

For instance: «H1 = aerosols do not increase along with CO2» and god only knows what H2 to Hn might be.

One would think that, if this hypothesis were true, and if the rate of increase of aerosols is greater than the rate of increase in CO2 (which appears to be the case), and if aerosols do tend to cool, that there would have been net cooling over the 20 year period instead of a net plateau in temp increases.

Aerosols does seem to be grasping at straws at this point.

The most current research shows that aerosols do temporarily cool the planet, masking the ongoing effects of global warming.

If aerosols do as seems to be widely accepted and act to cool, wold not burning coal in the least controlled manner possible act to actually cool areas, and not warm them?

The new findings on aerosols don't change a simple fact: There's overwhelming consensus among scientists and policy experts that humanity is not doing enough to address climate change.

Therefore the idea thats its the sun, and that its forcing was offest by aerosols does nt wash on that basis.

Not exact matches

On the other hand, passengers and their luggage are screened head to toe, shoeless, belt-less, X-rayed and patted down for everything from aerosol spray to contact solution, so it doesn't seem like asking too much to make sure no scorpions enter the flight.

If these global terrors are not enough, there is the recent suggestion that the lowly aerosol can will do us in.

Not to mention, you'll have to clean house pretty well if the Burglar Blaster does go off, as aerosol capsaicin won't just disperse into thin air.

It is traditionally packaged in rigid aerosol canisters that spray upside down and do not evacuate fully, creating a high volume of hazardous waste that requires a special disposal method.

(I don't advise aerosol sprays, and oil will weigh down the brownies if it's caked on the pan.)

Our environment does not need aerosol sprays and chemicals tearing down our air and protection against the elements.

Did you know agricultural plastics, pizza boxes, and empty aerosol cans are recyclable in Madison County?

The aerosols settle out after one or two years, and the climate goes back to what it was doing before the eruption.

Combined with a decrease in atmospheric water vapor and a weaker sun due to the most recent solar cycle, the aerosol finding may explain why climate change has not been accelerating as fast as it did in the 1990s.

The researchers do know that the presence of certain aerosols plays a large role in the formation of ice that leads to precipitation, but they also need to tease out the importance of that with other factors, like the amount of available water vapor and vertical storm winds.

Another source of uncertainty comes from the direct effect of aerosols from human origins: How much do they reflect and absorb sunlight directly as particles?

The aerosols catalyze the formation of ice in the clouds, which could increase precipitation, although more research needs to be done on that linkage, Creamean said.

«E-cigarettes do not burn or smolder the way conventional cigarettes do, so they do not emit side - stream smoke; however, bystanders are exposed to aerosol exhaled by the user,» said the authors.

Specifically, Blomqvist and his colleagues argue that six of the 10 boundaries — land use, biodiversity, nitrogen cycle, freshwater use, aerosol and chemical pollution — do not have a hard limit at planet - scale physical thresholds that, if transgressed, would tip them into functioning differently.

But the observations described in the new study don't definitively demonstrate that ultrafine aerosols alone drive updrafts, Quaas adds.

«Current emission inventories do not account for cultural burning practices in Asia as aerosol sources,» said Chakrabarty, who is originally from the Northeastern region of India.

«It is also known,» continues Sato, «that current models do not realistically model the vertical distribution of the aerosols, and we believe that finer measurements could help there as well.

This allows us to do analyses of aerosols and dust composition in the atmosphere.

«One reason that we haven't appreciated the role of aerosols in the climate system is that many — most — models don't include aerosol - cloud interactions,» including only a handful of those used in IPCC's fifth assessment report, released in 2014.

«Was that because they did not include aerosol effects?»

Earth System Threshold Measure Boundary Current Level Preindustrial Climate Change CO2 Concentration 350 ppm 387 ppm 280 ppm Biodiversity Loss Extinction Rate 10 pm > 100 pm * 0.1 - one pm Nitrogen Cycle N2 Tonnage 35 mmt ** 121 mmt 0 Phosphorous Cycle Level in Ocean 11 mmt 8.5 - 9.5 mmt — 1 mmt Ozone Layer O3 Concentration 276 DU # 283 DU 290 DU Ocean Acidification Aragonite ^ ^ Levels 2.75 2.90 3.44 Freshwater Usage Consumption 4,000 km3 ^ 2,600 km3 415 km3 Land Use Change Cropland Conversion 15 km3 11.7 km3 Low Aerosols Soot Concentration TBD TBD TBD Chemical Pollution TBD TBD TBD TBD * pm = per million ** mmt = millions of metric tons #DU = dobson unit ^ km3 = cubic kilometers ^ ^ Aragonite is a form of calcium carbonate.

However, most datasets do not provide information about the layered structure of clouds and aerosols.

During these two significant events, «the amount of radiation that reached the surface was less than that which would done if these aerosols had not been there,» Mª Ángeles Obregón, researcher in the Physics department of the University of Extremadura (UEx) and the University of Évora (Portugal) and lead author of this study, explains.

«I had done some work modeling aerosols produced by volcanic eruptions for other projects, so I started looking into how we might detect an eruption and what it would tell us.»

The question is: Does the current load of aerosols in the atmosphere already exceed that limit, in which case adding extra particles should not greatly affect cloud formation; or do they continue to be a limiting factor as pollution rises, so that added aerosols would continue to influence the clouds?

While measurements of aerosol absorption in ultraviolet do not differentiate between the smoke, dust and ash aerosols, only volcanic clouds contain significant abundances of SO2, so satellite measurements of SO2 are especially valuable for unambiguous identification of volcanic clouds.

That's because scientists have presumed that most of the aerosols from minor eruptions do not rise beyond the troposphere, the layer of Earth's atmosphere where weather occurs and where natural processes quickly clear particles from the atmosphere.

And most models looking at future climate change scenarios did not account for aerosols in the stratosphere.

Aerosols (soot) keep much of the sun's energy from reaching the surface, which means the monsoon doesn't get going with the same force and takes longer to gather up a head of steam.

A 2013 computer simulation of this process found increased aerosols alone did result in more lightning due to ice crystal collisions, although at very large aerosol volumes the effect was muted.

The cooling effect of aerosols can partly offset global warming on a short - term basis, but many are made of organic material that comes from sources that scientists don't fully understand, said Joost de Gouw, a research physicist at NOAA's Earth System Research Laboratory in Boulder, Colo., who is unaffiliated with the studies.

Rosenfeld and his colleagues are now working on a project to do exactly that by studying aerosol concentrations over Houston, where the team also has access to a dedicated lightning - mapping array.

«I really do think [the new study is] about the best single piece of evidence that aerosol is an important player in electrification,» says Earle Williams, a physical meteorologist at Massachusetts Institute of Technology who was not involved in the research.