Sentences with phrase «aerosols into»

Some climate activists believe that biochar may offer a more environmentally friendly method of limiting global warming than do conventional forms of geoengineering, such as spraying sunlight - reflecting aerosols into the atmosphere.

Experiments will be performed to examine the activation of these aerosols into cloud droplets.

But what concerns Professor Haywood and others is not the random nature of volcanic eruption — difficult to predict and impossible to prevent — but the possibility of deliberate injection of aerosols into the stratosphere to moderate global warming.

Scientists from the US, UK and Australia suggest a form of climate engineering called solar radiation management, which involves pumping aerosols into the stratosphere to reduce global temperatures − and especially the warming of the tropic seas.

If we put enough aerosols into the atmosphere to slow down global warming, then when those aerosols fall out of the atmosphere, we will have dirty snow.

Also, depending on our ultimate priorities and moral concerns, any system we chose to put in place should not require continued maintainence or operational efforts, like continuously pumping aerosols into the stratosphere.

If and when that happens, we will have lost all effective influence on global warming — barring, of course, the heroic effort of massive «geo - engineering,» such as injecting sulphate aerosols into the stratosphere.

«We modelled sulphate aerosols which is sort of an analogue for when you have a large volcanic eruption - but instead of putting aerosols into your model you can also just reduce the amount of solar radiation coming into your system,» said Dr Charlton - Perez.

Similarly, if global temperatures drop for some reason (for example, a large volcanic eruption dumping massive amounts of aerosols into the air), we should expect to see water vapor concentrations decrease.

A planned series of further trials is envisaged, eventually answering the question of whether it would ever be practical to put large quantities of sulphate aerosols into the stratosphere this way.

In other words: Proposed strategies to alter the amount of sunlight hitting the Earth's surface by (for example) deliberately injecting millions of tons of sulfate aerosols into the stratosphere pose enormous risks and uncertainties and don «t address the underlying causes of global warming or other major risks from rising concentrations of carbon dioxide, such as ocean acidification.

Whether through pumping aerosols into the atmosphere to reflect the Sun, or dumping iron into the oceans to try and make it absorb CO2.

The NRC notes that «small - scale field experiments with controlled emissions [e.g. releasing reflecting aerosols into the atmosphere] may....

(That is, if we simply held global mean temperature constant by injecting aerosols into the stratosphere, I have no idea whether that would be enough to halt Antarctic ice loss — probably not, in fact almost certainly not, though it would mean less ice sheet loss than would occur if we didn't do it.»

Geoengineering aims to cool the Earth by methods including spraying sulphate aerosols into the stratosphere to reflect sunlight, or fertilising the oceans with iron to create carbon - capturing algal blooms.

Injecting sulphate aerosols into the stratosphere has been one of the various proposed «geoengineering» schemes; others include fertilizing the ocean with iron and stimulating cloud formation.

Supercomputer simulations by University of Washington researchers outline the potential risks and benefits of geoengineering, specifically the release of volcanic aerosols into the atmosphere.

Natural external forcing also results from explosive volcanism that introduces aerosols into the stratosphere (Section 2.7.2), leading to a global negative forcing during the year following the eruption.

With silver iodide began the birth of spraying stratospheric aerosols into the Earth's atmosphere.

SPICE is a United Kingdom government funded geoengineering research project that collaborates with the university of Oxford, Cambridge, Edinburgh and Bristol to further examine the idea of Solar Radiation Management (SRM)-- which is the idea that injecting stratospheric aerosols into the atmosphere could combat global warming.

The thrust of Becker's piece is that the planet might be screwed, but that efforts to mitigate global warming through geo - engineering — giant mirrors in space, the injection of aerosols into the atmosphere, carbon sequestration, seeding oceans with iron oxide, and that sort of thing — are unethical and impractical.

SAM involves injecting sulfur aerosols into the stratosphere to increase the reflectivity of Earth's atmosphere.

, climate scientist Mike Hulme focuses on a proposal to cool Earth by injecting aerosols into the stratosphere to reflect solar radiation.

Although computer models tend to agree that it's best to inject the aerosols into the stratosphere above the tropics or subtropics, and that the aerosols would disperse globally, the models differ on the extent of injection required for a given level of cooling, the authors wrote.

Proposed techniques include spraying sun - reflecting aerosols into the stratosphere, or brightening clouds to increase their ability to cool the Earth's climate.

Volcanoes blast sulfur dioxide aerosols into the stratosphere, where they cool Earth by blocking some of the sun's solar radiation and reflecting it back into space.

It is simple: inject millions of tons of sulphate aerosols into the stratosphere at carefully chosen locations, and keep on doing so for as long as humans continue to burn fossil fuels and release greenhouse gases into the atmosphere.

The results indicate that many small eruptions do pump aerosols into the stratosphere, especially high - latitude volcanoes.

All volcanoes are constantly putting aerosols into the atmosphere.

Nobel Laureate Paul Crutzen, for example, is proposing to spray aerosols into the upper atmosphere to reduce the amount of sunlight hitting earth.

The difference in the projections is due partly to lower emissions scenarios (less CO2, methane and CFCs in particular), and partly to the introduction of aerosols into the scenarios.

Volcanoes can — and do — influence the global climate over time periods of a few years but this is achieved through the injection of sulfate aerosols into the high reaches of the atmosphere during the very large volcanic eruptions that occur sporadically each century.

Proposals for the first trials to cool the planet include cloud brightening and spraying aerosols into the ozone layer.

Earlier this month, MacMartin, Keith and Prof Katharine Ricke, a climate scientist from the University of California, San Diego, published a research paper exploring how solar geoengineering — via releasing aerosols into the stratosphere — could be used as part of an «overall strategy» for limiting global warming to 1.5 C, which is the aspirational target of the Paris Agreement.

Researchers have proposed that artificially introducing aerosols into the atmosphere — via a plane or a high - altitude balloon — could have a similar cooling effect.

The best - studied proposal, to pump sulfate aerosols into the upper atmosphere to block sunlight, would cause its own troubles.

Possible methods include reducing heat - trapping clouds, sending a giant sunshade up into orbit or releasing aerosols into the stratosphere.

They can release aerosols into the atmosphere to create a protective «cloud umbrella.»

One potential solution to combat global warming that some scientists are proposing is spraying aerosols into the atmosphere to deflect the sun's rays, which is also known as Solar Radiation Management.

«If the idea of putting megatons of sulfate aerosols into the stratosphere doesn't scare you, I think there's something wrong with you,» says Douglas MacMartin, a research professor with California Institute of Technology who studies the problem of deliberately manipulating Earth's climate.

We divide our aerosols into categories according to whether they were produced by transportation, power generation, industrial activity, domestic burning or open biomass burning.

12 * ICE AGES: More elliptical orbit causes less sunlight to reach Earth — results in ice ages (100,000 yr cycles) * VOLCANIC ACTIVITY: Release ash and aerosols into the atmosphere Reflects sun rays causing cooler temps * SOLAR ENERGY: Cause short term changes Less solar energy can cause small ice ages

This reimagined Anthropocene rests on a seamless transition from the fact that humans have always modified their environments to a defense of a postmodern «cyber nature» under human supervision, as if there is no qualitative difference between fire - stick farming and spraying sulfate aerosols into the stratosphere to regulate Earth's temperature.

Other scientists have considered injecting tiny particles known as aerosols into the stratosphere, the region above the troposphere, as a way to cool the planet, Science magazine reported.

The two main types, she says, are solar radiation management, which mostly refers to injecting sulfur aerosols into the stratosphere to reflect sunlight and, hence cool the Earth; and carbon dioxide removal, which is best illustrated by direct air capture — machines that take carbon dioxide out of the air and store it underground.

If China were the first to send up the planes to spray sulphate aerosols into the stratosphere it would represent the final triumph of Bacon's plan for nature.

A well - designed system would include, for example, maintaining backup infrastructure — such as additional airfields and jets for releasing aerosols into the stratosphere, says Parker.

These include «seeding» clouds, spraying aerosols into the atmosphere, or blocking sunlight with mirrors in space.

Pumping sulphate aerosols into the Arctic stratosphere from high - flying aircraft could be one way to blot out a bit of the sun.

In fact, the major effect of significant volcanic eruptions is cooling due to the sulfate aerosols that they release (although in order to have a significant cooling effect, the eruption has to be large enough that it injects the aerosols into the stratosphere where they can stay around longer... and it apparently helps if the eruption is reasonably near to the equator).