Sentences with phrase «affect brain mechanisms»
Wong hopes future research will address how sleep difficulties and deprivation may affect brain mechanisms, which in turn influence control of affect, cognitive processes, and behavior.
https://www.sciencedaily.com/ Not exact matches
Physical punishment is associated with a range of mental health problems in children, youth and adults, including depression, unhappiness, anxiety, feelings of hopelessness, use of drugs and alcohol, and general psychological maladjustment.26 — 29 These relationships may be mediated by disruptions in parent — child attachment resulting from pain inflicted by a caregiver, 30,31 by increased levels of cortisol32 or by chemical disruption of the brain's mechanism for regulating stress.33 Researchers are also finding that physical punishment is linked to slower cognitive development and adversely affects academic achievement.34 These findings come from large longitudinal studies that control for a wide range of potential confounders.35 Intriguing results are now emerging from neuroimaging studies, which suggest that physical punishment may reduce the volume of the brain's grey matter in areas associated with performance on the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale, third edition (WAIS - III).36 In addition, physical punishment can cause alterations in the dopaminergic regions associated with vulnerability to the abuse of drugs and alcohol.37
Because this imprinting affects hundreds of genes that are non-coding, including microRNAs and non-coding RNAs, it's a very interesting fine - tuning mechanism for the dosage of gene expression in the brain and elsewhere in the body.»
The study, which is published in the journal Molecular Psychiatry, describes a possible mechanism for how the gene variant produces clinical symptoms by affecting levels of specific proteins in the brain.
Cao even discovered a possible mechanism: A stimulating environment seemed to activate the brain's hypothalamus, which regulates hormones that affect everything from mood to cancer proliferation.
«Now, our goal is to see how this mechanism is affected in different brain diseases and determine if it can be harnessed to protect neurons and ultimately preserve brain function.»
«Drugs like morphine hijack the body's natural painkilling mechanisms, such as those used by endorphins, but because they act within the central nervous system, they can affect other brain cells that use similar pathways, leading to side effects such as addiction or sleepiness,» says Professor Gamper.
«On the other hand, if these seemingly different abilities are carried out by overlapping cognitive mechanisms or brain areas, then experience with musical pitch processing should affect language pitch processing, and vice versa.»
«Not enough research has been done on the mechanisms driving sensory problems in autism, but it's important because sensory processing probably affects to some degree how the brain develops,» said co-author Yong - hui Jiang, M.D., Ph.D., associate professor of pediatrics and neurobiology at Duke.
The mechanism by which TUS can affect mental states is unknown (as is the mechanism by which the brain produces mental states).
The findings suggest more subtle forms of brain injury, such as concussion, may adversely affect HPO [hypothalamic - pituitary - ovarian] axis function (this governs the menstrual cycle) and therefore menstrual cycles through a number of proposed mechanisms leading to disrupted gonadotropin secretion, according to the article.
«But our study found that propofol also disrupts presynaptic mechanisms, probably affecting communication between neurons across the entire brain in a systematic way that differs from just being asleep.
There are several mechanisms by which preeclampsia may affect the developing brain, Walker said.
The team demonstrated that GPR158 affects key signaling pathways involved in mood regulation in the region of the brain called prefrontal cortex, though the researchers emphasized that the exact mechanisms remain to be established.
Sleepwalking is caused by a partial arousal from slow - wave or deep sleep, however it is not know which functional brain mechanisms are affected by this pathophysiology.
To understand the mechanism behind this, the researchers measured how darkness affects levels of a protein, called NF - L, that helps stabilize the shape and structure of neurons in the brain.
Future studies should examine the possibility that there may be biological differences in the molecular mechanisms through which testosterone affects brain and behavior in men and women.
They found that the associated regions contained numerous candidate genes, among them genes known to affect ear function, language development, memory, bird song and the brain's reward mechanism.
As an Associate Professor at OSU, my research has been concentrated in the areas of aging, neuroimmunology, and neurotrauma.Overall, my research aim is to determine the degree to which the bi-directional communication between the brain and the immune system is affected by age, stress, and traumatic CNS injury and to delineate the mechanism by which inflammatory cytokine pathways cause long - lasting complications (e.g., cognitive decline and depression).
«We're looking for small molecules that will affect very complex feedback mechanisms in the brain, but in a subtle way,» Finn said of the new project.
The identification of the genetic mechanisms underlying human - specific brain development during evolution will transform our ability to decipher the pathophysiological mechanisms underlying neurodevelopmental disorders affecting humans such as autism or schizophrenia.
We know a great deal about the genomic mechanisms through which androgens and estrogens influence behavior; by turning genes on and off and thus affecting levels of proteins in cells, they slowly sculpt the brain circuits and peripheral structures required to produce social output.
We examine the molecular and cellular mechanisms through which androgens and estrogens, as well as the neuropeptide vasotocin, affect behavioral and brain responses to sensory cues that elicit different types of social output, from courtship to aggression to withdrawal.
«We will also dissect the mechanisms that influence how brain activity affects the release of tau.»
Omega - 3 supplements affect the brain through a different mechanism than antidepressants, so adding them to an antidepressant regimen is «attacking the illness from a different front,» according to Dr. Mischoulon.
The mechanism by which carbohydrate, including sugars, may affect mood is uncertain, but may involve the synthesis and release of serotonin in the brain.
In this podcast I discuss some of the mechanisms by which chronic stress (and rumination) affect the brain and brain aging, the gut and inflammation, the immune system, and biological aging through acceleration of telomere shortening.
Furthermore, while these stressors can have a direct impact on the brain, just as often they affect the brain through a more circuitous, systems - based mechanism that involves suboptimal metabolism of factors such as glutamate, norepinephrine, and cortisol plus cardiovascular dysfunction and, because it is so under - appreciated it may be the most notable, gastrointestinal dysfunction.
There are several mechanisms by which gut microbes affect the gut — brain — microbiome axis.
One mechanism through which early, chronic exposure to violence affects children is by disrupting the developing brain.
The mechanism by which adverse life events may affect ODD is still unclear, and may vary between types of event; potential explanations include (a) negative effects on maturation of cerebral brain structures in the child due to stress, (b) teaching individuals to use antisocial strategies to cope with stressful situations, and (c) causing an overactive sympathetic nervous system [7, 29].