Some dogs are more
affected by their genes, while other dogs are more affected by their environment.
This too is usually
affected by genes and can lead to behavioral problems or incessant barking.
They also seems to be more heavily
affected by any gene modifier that reduces pigment.
The amount and location of ticking are greatly
affected by genes for size, shape and density of the ticking.
Not exact matches
But what's really significant in the research is the identification of which
genes are selectively
affected by consumption of dietary fat or
by capsaicin.
Parenting styles can be
affected by both maternal and paternal
genes in combination with the environment.
These researchers say that there are hundreds of
genes affected by nurturance.
The scientists were interested in understanding what factors influenced women to share test results, particularly with their children, who might also be
affected by the cancer - conferring
genes.
These conditions are each caused
by mutations in a particular
gene, and
affect different enzymes involved in breaking down galactose.
Results showed that BPA exposure permanently
affected the uterus
by decreasing regulation of
gene expression.
The most common form of SMA is caused
by mutation of the SMN
gene, and manifests over a wide range of severity
affecting infants through adults.
McCallion's strategy to make sense of all this data looks at the active
genes in cells
affected by a disease, groups of
genes that interact with one another, their vulnerability to mutation and information from past scientific studies to filter more than a thousand
gene candidates for disease risk down to just a handful within any one implicated region.
In individuals
affected by SMA, the survival motor neuron - 1 (SMN1)
gene is mutated and lacks the ability to process a key protein that helps neurons function.
Genetic research could also enable fussy eaters to get all the nutrients they need
by finding the
genes that
affect taste preference.
At best, the scientists say, there is a 50 - 50 chance that the
gene closest to a mutation will even be active in the cell types
affected by a disease.
GWAS identify regions of the genome that can contain hundreds of
genes potentially
affected by a mutation.
Examples of
gene networks in the hippocampus
affected by brain trauma.
A single miRNA can ramp down expression of multiple
genes — but the number of
genes affected by known miRNAs hasn't been determined.
The study, which is published in the journal Molecular Psychiatry, describes a possible mechanism for how the
gene variant produces clinical symptoms
by affecting levels of specific proteins in the brain.
This led Pembrey to suspect that
genes on the sex - specific X and Y chromosomes were being
affected by epigenetic signals.
Complex traits like the ones in the study are each influenced
by many different
genes, while at the same time, several different traits can be
affected by the same
genes.
Researchers then tested cell cultures and mouse models
by using a
gene editing process called CRISPR - Cas9 to demonstrate how the presence or absence of myomaker and myomerger — both individually and in unison —
affect cell fusion and muscle formation.
Gene discovery was accomplished
by only six PRA -
affected dogs.
As Saaïd Safieddine, CNRS Director of Research at the Institut Pasteur and co-senior author of the study with Prof. Christine Petit (head of the Genetics & physiology hearing unit at the Institut Pasteur), explains, «we have just shown that it is possible to partially correct a specific form of hereditary hearing loss accompanied
by balance problems using local
gene therapy performed after the embryogenesis of the ear, which is primarily
affected by the mutation responsible for the disorder.
But as some miRNAs regulate many different
genes, and each
gene is
affected by many different miRNAs, their exact role in cancer is tough to pin down.
In comparison with African strains, infection
by the Asian strain of Zika virus more potently
affected the p53
gene and
genes connected with cells» responses to viral infection, such as interferons.
Yang said the study not only indicated which
genes are
affected by traumatic brain injury and linked to serious disease, but also might point to the
genes that govern metabolism, cell communication and inflammation — which might make them the best targets for new treatments for brain disorders.
Comparisons of the Neandertal genome to the genomes of five present - day humans from different parts of the world identify a number of genomic regions that may have been
affected by positive selection in ancestral modern humans, including
genes involved in metabolism and in cognitive and skeletal development.
By tracking activity in almost all the
genes of a free - living archaeon — which, like a bacterium, is a prokaryote — Bonneau was recently able to piece together how the
genes affected one another's expression, enabling him to map the organism's «control circuit» as if it were a machine.
Unlike other autoimmune disorders with associated risk factors, APECED is clearly caused
by a mutation in a single
gene, based on analyses of
affected families.
The answer may lie in epigenetics — the mechanism
by which environmental influences
affect gene expression.
In individuals
affected by SMA, the spinal motor neuron - 1 (SMN1)
gene is mutated and lacks the ability to process a key protein that helps muscle neurons function.
The new
gene permanently switched on a set of
genes normally
affected by insulin and involved in the immune system.
However, Pafilis is puzzled
by how it
affects the males» chances of passing on their
genes to the next generation.
The result was the largest deletion ever observed in the dystrophin
gene using CRISPR / Cas9, and the study was the first to create corrected human iPS cells that could directly restore functional muscle tissue
affected by Duchenne.
New evidence from animal studies supported
by the National Institute of Mental Health suggests that a specific
gene may
affect learned fearfulness.
George Daley of Harvard Medical School said on December 1 that he and his team have seen multiple patients
affected by NEMO deficiency syndrome, a disorder where an inherited faulty
gene results in a weak immune system and leaves patients prone to serious infections.
The results from the study also showed that
genes that increase the risk for cancer and diabetes, or are important for the immune response or sperm quality, are
affected by smoking.
Later in life the genetic material can be changed
by epigenetic modifications, i.e. chemical alterations of the DNA the
affect the activity of the
genes.
«The new FOP model already has shed light on the disease process in FOP
by showing that the mutated
gene can
affect different steps of bone formation,» Hsiao said.
The tiny addition of a chemical mark atop a
gene that is well known for its involvement in clinical depression and posttraumatic stress disorder can
affect the way a person's brain responds to threats, according to a new study
by Duke University researchers.
This analysis, done on separate samples from the same patient, revealed that many of the
affected genes confer advantages to cancer cells
by, for example, enhancing cell migration or resistance to chemotherapy.
Analysis of the tumor
genes affected by the two drugs revealed that cabazitaxel had a greater effect on cellular division and regulation of chromatin — a spool for DNA that helps control which
genes are in use and when — whereas docetaxel has a greater impact on DNA transcription and repair.
Publishing in Nature, the study reports that genetic alterations
affecting a part of the PD - L1
gene increases the production of the protein, allowing cancer cells to escape detection
by the immune system.
«
By identifying the full set of genes in each of these two cell types, we provide detailed information that taste scientists can use to help understand how these cells work, both when healthy and also when affected by damage or disease.&raqu
By identifying the full set of
genes in each of these two cell types, we provide detailed information that taste scientists can use to help understand how these cells work, both when healthy and also when
affected by damage or disease.&raqu
by damage or disease.»
This work, conducted
by Yuliang Wang, now a senior research associate at Oregon Health & Science University, uncovered intriguing differences involving
genes that
affect the cells» metabolism.
«People always thought it was one
gene»
affected by birthwort, Teh says.
Publishing in Nature, a recent study reports that genetic alterations
affecting a part of the PD - L1
gene increases the production of the protein, allowing cancer cells to escape detection
by the immune system.
The scientists also found that the extract
affects the
gene expression of the bacteria,
by repressing a number of
genes linked with antibiotic resistance and virulence.
Similarly, someone who inherits the version of a particular
gene that's associated with obesity will be more likely to wind up fat than someone who inherits a normal version, but that tendency can be
affected by environmental factors such as how much fattening food is available.