Sentences with phrase «affected cell type»
Such techniques have the potential to enhance research into the origins of neurodevelopmental and neuropsychiatric disorders such as microcephaly, lissencephaly, autism and schizophrenia, which are thought to affect cell types not found in the mouse models that are often used to study such diseases.
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«The better we understand these cell types and how they affect disease, the better we will be able to develop new therapies to treat and cure disease.»
Although other neuronal cell types are affected, medium spiny neurons bear the brunt of the damage caused by Huntington's disease.
At best, the scientists say, there is a 50 - 50 chance that the gene closest to a mutation will even be active in the cell types affected by a disease.
Since pseudouridine modifications may affect various RNA molecules in different types of normal and malignant cells, «our discoveries pave the way for future avenues of research aimed at exploring the role of pseudouridine in human development disease,» concludes Cristian Bellodi.
Today in Cell and associated journals, 24 research studies from the landmark BLUEPRINT project and IHEC consortia reveal how variation in blood cells» characteristics and numbers can affect a person's risk of developing complex diseases such as heart disease, and autoimmune diseases including rheumatoid arthritis, asthma, celiac disease and type 1 diabetes.
In their latest study, they tested compounds against cells from nine different types of human cancer, including common types affecting blood, colon, breast, prostate, ovaries, kidneys, and lungs.
«In the case of Alzheimer's disease, one of the first cell types affected by the pathology is one that we've observed to play a leading role in the development of the entorhinal - hippocampal network.»
These conditions are distinguished by the different types of brain nerve cells that are first affected and by the symptoms that first appear.
(Previously, scientists had used CRISPR / Cas9 to repair mutations that affect smaller numbers of people with Duchenne, and in cell types that weren't necessarily clinically relevant.)
To better understand how this abnormal distribution of B cell types in people with uncontrolled HIV affected their immune response to the virus, researchers compared HIV - specific antibodies derived from both TLM and RM B cells.
This suggests there are yet - unknown cell - type - specific factors that affect how the virus replicates.
Lymphoma is a type of blood cancer that affects the white blood cells — called lymphocytes — that help protect the body from infection.
«Our research has identified a gene affecting another type of ischemic stroke, due to small vessel disease, and also suggests some genes may be associated with both ischemic and hemorrhagic stroke and may act through a novel pathway affecting pericytes, a type of cell in the wall of small arteries and capillaries.
This is important because the proportion in which the de novo mutation is present in a patient, as well as the type of cells in which it occurs, may not only determine the clinical outcome of a disease for the patient, but also affect the risk of the parents having another child with the same disease in future pregnancies.
The two groups took skin cells from patients and transformed them into the type of brain cells that are affected by Alzheimer's.
The UCLA team identified 353 DNA markers from 51 types of cells and tissues and examined how age affects their DNA methylation levels throughout a lifetime.
«By identifying the full set of genes in each of these two cell types, we provide detailed information that taste scientists can use to help understand how these cells work, both when healthy and also when affected by damage or disease.»
In a report on their experiments, published April 2017 in the Proceedings of The National Academy of Sciences, the researchers say they found evidence that microglia, a cell type found in most vertebrae innate immune systems, affect the Müller glia's regenerative response and can be harnessed to accelerate the growth of new tissue in the retina.
Lymphoma is a cancer that affects lymphocytes, a type of white blood cell.
The lipid type, ceramide, also has a functional role in various signaling pathways and affects synaptic function, although its primary role is not in the synapse, but providing structure in cell membranes.
«This tells you that all the different types of stromal cells in breast tissue are affected by the GT198 mutation because they all come from a common progenitor cell.»
We hope that this tool will help researchers gain new biological insights from transcriptome datasets in the future and provide information for diseases that affect specific cell types.»
«Use of induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC) technology» — which involves taking skin cells from patients and reprogramming them into embryonic - like stem cells capable of turning into other specific cell types relevant for studying a particular disease — «makes it possible to model dementias that affect people later in life,» says senior study author Catherine Verfaillie of KU Leuven.
These cells were not affected in patients with SLE, dermatomyositis, or other type I interferonopathies, however, suggesting that the source of interferon - can vary depending on the autoimmune disease.
Tavazoie points out that «it is remarkable that within a single cell type, synonymous changes in genetic sequence can dramatically affect the levels of specific proteins, their transcripts, and the way a cell behaves.»
Researchers at MIT have now shown that they can use a new type of measurement to predict how drugs will affect cancer cells taken from multiple - myeloma patients.
Further analysis showed that wild type HIV - 1 tends to integrate itself into or near genes affecting CD4 + T cell activation and metabolism more frequently than does the mutant strain.
For example, how genetic programs affect the function of specific cell types, how they vary early or later in life and how dysfunction in these programs might contribute to disease, all of which could help scientists learn more about the fundamental workings of the brain.
With this type of cancer, the genes in the white blood cells affected change slightly, causing two chromosomes to cross.
Howard Hughes Medical Institute (HHMI) scientists have profiled key features of the genetic material inside three types of brain cells and found vast differences in the patterns of chemical modifications that affect how the genes in each type of neuron are regulated.
Researchers from Hiroki Taniguchi's lab at the Max Planck Florida Institute for Neuroscience (MPFI) published a study in eNeuro in May 2017 showing for the first time that a unique type of inhibitory interneuron called chandelier cells — which are implicated in several diseases affecting the brain such as schizophrenia and epilepsy — seem to develop their connections differently than other types of neurons.
At Emory, the pause has halted not only the CEIRS project with the lab - attenuated PR8 strain, but also a research grant project headed by Anice Lowen that is looking at how the cell types targeted by two different influenza viruses affect their propensity to exchange genes.
A sleep deficit of just four hours affects by as much as 50 percent the ability of stem cells of the blood and immune system to migrate to the proper spots in the bone marrow of recipient mice and churn out the cell types necessary to reconstitute a damaged immune system, the researchers found.
Optogenetics works at micro scale, and fMRI covers wide regions of the brain — together this means that scientists have a way to intervene and experiment with entire brain circuits, to finally see how a certain type of brain cell affects the wider global activity of the entire brain.
As a result, they are too broad: They affect more than one type of receptor, on more than one kind of nerve cell, in more than one part of the brain.
We believe that each dog breed may correspond to one type of B - or T - cell lymphoma and so studies within and between breeds gives us a unique possibility to understand how the genetic background affects what type of tumor develops, and how its progression is regulated,» says Ingegerd Elvers.
Previous in vitro studies conducted by researchers in other countries showed that this molecule was able to reduce the multiplication and increase the mortality of cells from melanoma, the most aggressive type of skin cancer, as well as breast cancer and neuroblastoma, a tumor that typically affects patients aged 15 or younger.
Merkel cell carcinoma is a rare type of skin cancer, affecting only a few thousand people each year, compared to tens of thousands with melanoma.
Results of a phase one trial show that an investigational topical drug, resiquimod gel, causes regression of both treated and untreated tumor lesions and may completely remove cancerous cells from both sites in patients with early stage cutaneous T cell lymphoma (CTCL)-- a rare type of non-Hodgkin lymphoma that affects the skin.
In a mouse model of type 1 diabetes, RGS1 affects the population of one type of T cell called a «T follicular helper cell» that is critical for B cells and antibody production, Dr. Kissler and his colleagues reported recently in Genes and Immunity.
The two genes are known to cause a type of pediatric glaucoma by affecting the normal migration of vital stem cells to the eye.
Fat cells are not simply big blobs of lipid quietly standingby in the body — instead, they send out hormones and other signaling proteins that affect many types of tissues.
The cells may be more beneficent in type 1 diabetes, a relatively rare autoimmune form of the disease that usually affects children and young adults.
Nathaniel Hoyle of the Laboratory of Molecular Biology in Cambridge, UK, and his team have been investigating how the time of day affects wound healing, after they discovered that genes in a type of skin cell switch on and off during day - night cycles.
Osteocalcin differentially regulates beta cell and adipocyte gene expression and affects the development of metabolic diseases in wild - type mice
We believe that each dog breed may correspond to one type of B - or T - cell lymphoma and so studies within and between breeds gives us a unique possibility to understand how the genetic background affects what type of tumour develops, and how its progression is regulated», says Ingegerd Elvers.
Patients with Diamond - Blackfan anemia (DBA)-- an inherited disorder which disrupts the development of red cells in affected patients, but which does not affect the development of other blood cell types — offer researchers a particularly useful model for the study of these proteins.
Genodermatoses are characterized by genetic disorders of the skin affecting mainly either keratinocytes or melanocytes the two majors cell types of the epidermis.
Those cells can be reprogrammed into, or directed to become, the type of brain cells most affected in Huntington's disease.